For Parents

Montessori For Families

Supporting your child’s full development

Schools and Centres

All Montessori schools and centres in Australia are independently owned and operated not governed by Montessori Australia.  We provide a listing of Montessori programmes on our website and encourage prospective parents to contact them directly.  Those with the Montessori Registered™ logo have been assessed as part of the Montessori Quality Assurance Programme as running a quality Montessori programme.  Those with the Montessori Australia logo have joined our membership programme.  Click here for more details about what these logos mean.

Directory

Open Days



Montessori Open Days

Montessori Open Day

Nexus Early Learning Parent Information Day

📅 Saturday, May 10th, 2025 | 10:30am – 12:00pm

  • 10:30am – Montessori Approach
  • 11:15am – Kindergarten Funding
  • 11:30am – Development Milestones by Elyce
  • Learn about childhood education at Nexus

All Welcome!

📍 165-167 Southern Road, Heidelberg West VIC 3081

📞 0397389090 / 0402196692

✉️ heidelberg@nexusel.com

🌐
Book Now!

The Athena School Open Day

📅 Wednesday 28 May 2025 | ⏰ 10.00am – 12.00noon

  • Tours
  • Info Packs
  • Refreshments
  • Entertainment

All Welcome!

📍 28 Oxford Street, Newtown NSW 2042

📞 02 9557 0022

✉️ enquiries@athena.nsw.edu.au

🌐 www.athena.nsw.edu.au

Echoes Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 85 Smart Rd, Modbury SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Little Oxford Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 18 Trimmer Tce, Unley SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Rosemont House Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 59 Kensington Rd, Norwood SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Jescott Montessori Open House

📅 Tuesday 27 & Thursday 29 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am

  • Observe Montessori in action
  • See children engaged in learning
  • Meet our dedicated educators
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 6 Lorne Avenue, Magill SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Lilliput Village Montessori Open House

📅 Tuesday 27 & Thursday 29 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am

  • Observe Montessori in action
  • See children engaged in learning
  • Meet our dedicated educators
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 193 Portrush Rd, Maylands SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Cedars Montessori Preschool Open Week

📅 Monday 26 to Friday 30 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am daily

  • Visit on any morning of the week
  • Observe Montessori in action
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 52 Oxford Tce, Unley SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Chancery Lane Montessori Personal Tours

📅 Available at your convenience | By appointment

  • Personal guided tour
  • One-on-one with our educators
  • Customized to your questions
  • Information packs provided

By Appointment!

📍 21 Chancery Lane, Adelaide CBD SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Montessori Registered (Know Quality)

Choosing the right Montessori environment for your child is important. Each school, centre or programme is run independently from Montessori Australia and is either privately owned, part of a public school, or run by a non-profit association.

“Montessori” is not trademarked so it is possible for any school or centre to include the word “Montessori” in their name. Most “Montessori” schools or centres aim to offer a quality Montessori programme.

In its role as the national body, Montessori Australia has established an Australian system to identify Authentic Practice for Montessori programs and to support education services in maintaining these standards.

LOGOs on our Directory Listing

Montessori Australia logo: the school/centre has joined our membership programme.  This means that the school/centre pays a membership fee to receive services and support from Montessori Australia and are a contributing member of the Australian Montessori community.  

Montessori Registered logo: the school/centres has been assessed by the national body as meeting Montessori standards.  This assessment was undertaken as part of the previous incarnation of our Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program, a supportive and positive means of continuous improvement by which education services strive to ensure quality and best practice.

MQAP Participating or MQAP Applied logos: show that they are on the journey to become Montessori Registered, but have not yet been assessed.

Click here to go to the new MQ:AP website providing further details about the program.

Your Visit

As all Montessori schools and centres are independently owned and operated, the quality of their Montessori programme may vary.  To know quality, we recommend prospective parents locate their nearest Montessori Registered™ school or centre, identified by these logos on our listing page here.  Visits to these and other schools and centres are encouraged to determine if they are a suitable fit for your child and family.  

When visiting, here are some questions to look for which will indicate a quality Montessori programme:

  • Is the physical environment beautiful?
  • Is there a feeling of peace?
  • Is there a variety of different kinds of work being done?
  • Is there an absence of worksheets and workbooks?
  • Do the children seem to be relaxed and happy?
  • Do the children seem to have a sense of purpose?
  • Are the children kind and courteous with each other?
  • Are the children concentrating very hard on their work?
  • Are the children in primary appearing to work seriously even while some are casually carrying on conversations with others?
  • Does the teacher appear to be constantly aware of the whole room, intervening only when children seem aimless or nonconstructive, or are bothering others?

These are the traits of quality Montessori classrooms.

(List courtesy of Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius, Angeline Stoll Lillard)

We would also recommend that parents assess a Montessori school or centre using the same values as the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program:

  • All children have the right to an environment that is carefully prepared so that it meets and nurtures the developmental needs of each child.
  • The child is an active participant in the learning process.
  • Multi-age groups aligned with developmental planes provide for optimal social, emotional and cognitive learning.
  • Self-discovery and exploration are important parts of the learning process.
  • A non-competitive approach and the use of self- correcting materials promotes independence and self-con dence.
  • The culturally diverse backgrounds of families and their active involvement in the centre enrich and foster a community that embraces tolerance and cooperation.

Watch a video: Why choose Montessori education for your child?

About My Child

Montessori For Families

Supporting your child’s full development

My Newborn

A special environment is required for a new baby. An environment which reflects the place they have come from and is a half-way house into the world. Newborns need to be in a warm, peaceful environment, which is consistent in its rhythms and routines.

Your new baby may surprise you with their strong urge to communicate. Even very young babies are able to reach their fingers out towards you. They will focus intently on your face and try to copy your mouth movements as you speak.

Their nervous system is still immature and so they will pass through very obvious behavioural states. Newborn babies sleep a lot and can become tired very easily, being barely able to stay away long enough to feed. They indicate their tiredness through jerky body movements or tensed muscles; increasingly loud vocalization and a change in interest in making eye contact. They will quickly move from quiet alertness into this more restless state which heralds their need to sleep. You can respond by providing loose wrapping and skin to skin contact.

During period of alertness your newborn will begin to take in their first impressions of the world and their senses. Newborn babies see in black and white only and enjoy looking at contrasting colours. They actually have a preference for circles. This helps them to find the nipple when its time to feed.
You might consider offering a black and white mobile for them to look at whilst they are on a movement mat on the floor.

My Infant

Birth to 5 Months

During the period from birth to 5 months, your baby will be learning how to use their hands, their limbs and their body in a co-ordinated and purposeful way.

Communication

  • Your baby is fascinated by the sound of and emotion in your voice and your facial expressions. Your baby will love to hear you talking and singing. You can talk about what you are doing as you do it, when you are changing their nappy. You can talk about your plans for the day, or the things you can see in the room. Your baby enjoys listening to you and watching your mouth move as your speak.
  • When your baby watches your mouth move, their mouth will move too. Avoiding the use of a dummy will allow your baby to make these mouth movements and to practice making sounds.
  • Keeping background noise down (e.g. the television or music) will mean that your baby can tune into your language.
  • It is never too young to read to your baby. Very young babies enjoy colourful picture books with one or two words on each page.

Movement

  • Young babies need lots of opportunity for free movement. Your baby will learn how to coordinate their movement and become stronger in their limbs if they have lots of practice time.
  • A safe and comfortable space on the floor on a mat will provide your baby with room to move. A large mirror lying sideways alongside the mat will give your baby an opportunity to watch their whole body move. Mirrors are also great for social interaction! It will be a whie until your baby realises that they are the baby in the mirror.
  • Young babies seem to prefer lying on their backs, but time on the tummy everyday is important too. If your baby is comfortable on their tummy, you could lie down with them until they are happy in that position.
  • Allowing your baby to practice new movements at their own pace will ensure that they build up the necessary muscle strength. Encouraging your baby to sit or stand before they are able to achieve these movements spontaneously could push them before their bodies are strong enough.
  • When your baby is moving, have look at their clothing to make sure that it is not in their way. Loose or tight clothing can hold your baby up!

We have lots of ideas to promote your baby’s movement in our online shop.

Love

  • When your baby feels safe and loved by you and others in their life, this feeds their healthy brain development.
  • Feeling loved and accepted supports a baby’s healthy emotional and social development.
  • You can show your love for your baby by responding when your baby cries, handling their body gently when you change their nappy and making eye contact as often as possible.

6 to 12 Months


The period from 6 to 12 months, is an exciting time for your baby’s development. This period can see babies developing from lying on their tummies or backs, to ‘cruising’ around on two feet supported by the furniture. They might even be walking!

Communication

  • Your baby is still very interested in listening to the sounds of and emotion in your voice and loves to watch your facial expressions. Singing and talking to your baby is how your baby will learn how to speak. Special brain cells enable young children to absorb language simply by listening. The more your baby is surrounded by language, the more they will learn. You can tell your baby about what you are doing, when you change their nappy, or about what will come next in the day. You can name things in your baby’s environment to provide even more language. Your baby enjoys listening to you and watching your mouth move as you speak.
  • When your baby watches your mouth move, their mouth will move too. Avoiding the use of a dummy will allow your baby to make these mouth movements and to practice making sounds.
  • Keeping background noise down (e.g. the television or music) will mean that your baby can tune into your language.
  • It is never too young to read to your baby. Very young babies enjoy colourful picture books with one or two words on each page. Your baby will be able to grasp a board or cloth book now and look through it with you, or by themselves.

Movement


From 6 months onwards, it is all go!  Your baby will reach each milestone in their own time. The developmental continuum looks like this.

  • Young babies need lots of opportunity for free movement. Your baby will learn how to coordinate their movement and become stronger in their limbs if they have lots of practice time.
  • A safe and comfortable space on the floor on a play mat will provide your baby with room to move. A large mirror lying sideways alongside the mat will give your baby an opportunity to watch their whole body move. Mirrors are also great for social interaction!
  • Your baby is hardwired to achieve their movement milestones, Allowing your baby to practice new movements at their own pace will ensure that they build up the necessary muscle strength. Encouraging your baby to sit or stand before they are able to achieve these movements spontaneously could push them before their bodies are strong enough.
  • Everything looks pretty different once you’re sitting up! Your baby will need lots of opportunity to practice co-ordinating their eye-hand movements from each new perspective. The more practice they have, the stronger the pathway in their brain will become.
  • When your baby is moving, have look at their clothing to make sure that it is not in their way. Loose or tight clothing can hold your baby up! The same is true for objects in their environment. Once your baby is crawling, their play mat might start to get in their way.

Love and connection


Babies and young children need secure and loving relationships, which enable them to moderate their stress levels. These significant relationships can include the mother and father, other family members and also caregivers such as childcare workers. When your baby feels loved, this feeds their healthy brain development.

  • Feeling loved and accepted supports your baby’s emotional and social growth and development.
  • Babies and young children receive their information about how to behave in social situations by watching the adults in their lives. You are their role model.

My Toddler

12 months to 2 years


This period in your child’s development heralds a major change in your lived experience as a parent. Your child is beginning to use language to communicate with you and their ability to move, anywhere, is changing by the day. Your child’s movement and language acquisition patterns will complement one another. Whilst your child is busy developing their language skills, their development of new ‘moves’ will plateau. Then once they have made the language acquisition they were working on, their movement will take off again.

Communication

  • 1 word by 1-year-old is the general rule of thumb with children’s language development.
  • You are your child’s greatest resource when it comes to language and communication. Your child will watch your mouth avidly when you speak, they are taking in the way in which your lips move in order to form the words. If you are trying to show your child something by demonstrating with your hands, be sure not to speak as they will watch your mouth instead!
  • Naming things in your child’s environment will provide them with a rich source of language.
  • Your baby will enjoy spending time reading books, with you and on their own. Books with 1 or 2 words to a page and simple stories will be most engaging.

Movement


Some children learn to walk before their first birthday and others take until 16 months or longer. Your baby will reach each milestone in their own time. The developmental continuum looks like this.

  • New walkers benefit from going barefoot. It provides them with greater sensory feedback and makes it easier to learn how to walk.
  • New walkers tend to fall over. Your child will need a environment which is safe to learn and practice walking in.
  • Young children love learning how to walk up and down stairs, climb hills and run. Safe outdoor spaces will help with this
  • Games such as ‘Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes’ will help your child develop body awareness.
  • Even if you provide a safe place for your child to practice refining their walking skills, they will probably still fall over. Learning how to fall without injury is a skill and your child will need practice to learn how to catch themselves.

Love and connection

  • Young children need secure and loving relationships, which enable them to moderate their stress levels. These significant relationships can include the mother and father, other family members and also caregivers such as childcare workers. When your child feels loved, this feeds their healthy brain development.
  • Feeling loved and accepted supports your child’s emotional and social growth and development.
  • Young children receive their information about how to behave in social situations by watching the adults in their lives. You are their role model.
  • This is a great time to begin teaching your child about emotions. The simplest way to do this is to connect with your child when they are emotional by acknowledging their feelings verbally and non-verbally (hugs)  e.g. ‘You’re feeling sad, aren’t you?’ This lets your child know that you have understood and it names the feeling for them. It is important to your child that their feelings are acknowledged and that you are there to provide comfort.
  • It can also be helpful to let them know that although they are feeling sad now, later on they will feel better. This is the beginning of lessons around differentiating between their feelings and their sense of self, or ‘I feel’ and ‘I am’.

Discipline

  • The word ‘discipline’ really means ‘to teach’, rather than ‘to punish’. When we think about disciplining a young child, we can think about using challenging behaviours and times of conflict as opportunities to help our child to learn and build new skills.
  • Very young children have limited capacity for self-discipline. They need support from us to learn what is appropriate and how to regulate their behaviour.
  • When ‘correcting’ your toddler’s behaviour try to connect first and then redirect them. For example, if your child bites another child, you could connect with them first, ‘You’re frustrated aren’t you?” Then once your child has more control and is able to listen, you could provide the key message you wish to convey and set the boundary, ‘Biting hurts, Be gentle.’ Then you can redirect by moving them on to something else, ‘Let’s go and look at the fish in the pond.’

2 to 3 Years


Your child’s third year is a time of critical brain development. Their continued exploration of and experience in the world enables them to build a strong sense of their own capacities. For the majority of children the major movement milestones have been achieved and they have begun to use language to communicate. Though your child will continue to refine their abilities in both of these areas, now is the time to focus upon their growing ability to do more for themselves.
Communication

  • You are your child’s greatest resource when it comes to language and communication. Your child will absorb your version of language, which makes you a role model! If you say, ‘Please’ and ‘Thank you’, your child will absorb this and copy.
  • Naming things in your child’s environment will provide them with a rich source of language.
  • Reading to your child regularly will enable them to build a love of books and stories. Your child will develop some favourites which you will probably come to know by heart! You can discuss what is happening in the story as it unfolds. This helps your child build comprehension skills.
  • 3 word sentences by age 3 is considered normal language development.
  • Your child might start to show interest in using pencils to draw and write familiar letters or ‘sounds’. Writing requires significant fine motor control. Having opportunities to refine their fine and gross motor movements will support your child’s ability to control a pencil

Movement

  • Even though your child is walking, they will still need lots of opportunity to refine this skill and build up strength.
  • Your child will enjoy running, jumping, hopping, climbing, pushing, pulling, balancing and carrying.
  • The brains of young children are designed to enable them to learn how to perform tasks simply by watching others. Your child will be particularly interested in imitating the activities they regularly see you involved in around the home.
  • There is a strong connection between movement and learning. Young children are not made to sit in a chair for long periods of time. Movement supports their developing brain.
  • Current research suggests that children under 3 years old should have screen time limited to 1 hour per day.

Emotional and Social Development

  • Getting enough sleep is important for your child’s healthy brain development. Some children will have stopped sleeping during the day at this point and others will not. Planning a quiet time during the day will support your child to process all the experiences they have had during the day and to wind down.
  • Your child will be ready for social experiences with children they own age. This will give them the opportunity to practice their social skills.
  • This is a great time to begin teaching your child about emotions. The simplest way to do this is to connect with your child when they are emotional by acknowledging their feelings verbally and non-verbally (hugs)  e.g. ‘You’re feeling sad, aren’t you?’ This lets your child know that you have understood and it names the feeling for them. It is important to your child that their feelings are acknowledged and that you are there to provide comfort.
  • Children at this stage of development benefit from being encouraged to tell the story about what is upsetting them. This helps them to make sense of their experience and feel more in control. Begin by acknowledging the feeling first, ‘You look so sad. That really hurt, didn’t it?’ Then depending upon your child’s language ability, you may need to tell the story initially and encourage them to join in / take over. You could dramatise it, adding humour when appropriate. Your child might need to go over their story a number of times. This can be frustrating from an adult perspective, but storytelling produces understanding, healing and integration
  • It can also be helpful to let them know that although they are feeling sad now, later on they will feel better. This is the beginning of lessons around differentiating between their feelings and their sense of self, or ‘I feel’ and ‘I am’.

Discipline

  • Very young children have limited capacity for self-discipline. They need support from us to learn what is appropriate and how to regulate their behaviour.
  • When ‘correcting’ your toddler’s behaviour try to connect first and then redirect them. For example, if your child bites another child, you could connect with them first, ‘You’re frustrated aren’t you?” Then once your child has more control and is able to listen, you could provide the key message you wish to convey and set the boundary, ‘Biting hurts, Be gentle.’ Then you can redirect by moving them on to something else, ‘Let’s go and look at the fish in the pond.’

My Three - Six Years Child

By the time your child is three they will have some level of functional independence, good control over their body’s movements and have complete oral language. That’s a lot to have achieved in just three years! Yet it happened without effort because of the unique quality of the young child’s mind. Your three year old is still very much sensorial explorer. They use their senses to absorb every aspect of the environment, their language and culture, in the process constructing their own intellects. In Montessori we call this the phenomenon the ‘absorbent mind’.

Throughout this time of development your child will also experience periods during which they display heightened sensitivity to, or interest in, particular aspects of the environment. These periods, named sensitive periods by Montessori educators, represent windows of opportunity during which children’s intense interest, enables them to learn the corresponding knowledge and skill with ease and enjoyment. These periods occur universally for all children at approximately the same age. If you observe child closely you might see signs of these sensitive periods.

My Six - Twelve Years Child

Your six to twelve-year-old child has reached a new stage of development. They have moved out of early childhood and into a period characterised by physical stability and steady growth. They will have increased stamina and will undoubtably be healthier, more adventurous and daring. They may also experience an increased capacity for sustained intellectual work. Children in of this age are more receptive to intellectual learning than at any other time in their lives.

Your child’s mind is also changing as it loses ability to absorb the environment unconsciously. Instead you will find that your child begins to use reason and logic to learn about their world consciously. Typical questions asked by children of this age include why, how and when. This is a time when children are developing great intellectual power.

Children in these primary school years are far more social, they gravitate to others with increased enthusiasm. They wish to broaden their horizons beyond the confines of the family and into the wider society, most specifically into a new level of social life with their peers. They exhibit a great loyalty to their peer group and the evaluation of the group becomes paramount. During this time, children are
beginning the process of becoming independent from the family, a step they must take if they are eventually to make mature attachments beyond the family.

Your primary school aged child will probably be intrigued by the unusual and the extraordinary. They may look up to those they perceive to be heroes. These potential role models inspire children to stretch themselves and better themselves in some way. At the same time your child may be working on the development of their moral compass, their internal ability to tell right from wrong. They will want to be able to work this out for themselves.

My Teenager

The adolescent years from 12 to 18 are the child’s journey to adulthood. They are no longer a child, but not yet an adult.

The rapid physical growth of adolescence also echoes the rapid physical growth of the first six years of your child’s life, but this time physical growth is accompanied by the intense hormonal activity that ushers in sexual maturity. The energy the adolescence needs during periods of rapid physical growth can sometimes diminish the energy the adolescent has available to concentrate on their academic work.

Similarly, to early childhood, the adolescent brain undergoes significant re-organisation, as the child transforms into an adult. At the onset of adolescence young people are ready to take further steps away from their families and towards adult independence in society. They also become idealistic and peer-oriented. They can find it difficult to concentrate on structured academic learning but love to interact conversationally and collaboratively with other adolescents in the context of projects and issues that are important to them; they feel supported and nurtured in a cooperative community of peers.

During this odyssey, young people become humanistic explorers seeking to understand their place in society, and to contribute to society.  Personal dignity, social justice and belonging are key drivers.  The adolescents are asking of themselves, who am I and who am I in this world? 

Your teenager may have a huge capacity for creative expression, and their style of learning may become more practical and experiential, an approach they use to explore previously introduced concepts in more depth and in real-life contexts.

Positive Discipline Parenting Course

Positive Discipline Course

  • Want to gain the cooperation of your child or students without the power struggles?
  • Do you need better strategies for those moments when yelling feels like the only thing that works?
  • Want to rebuild respectful and encouraging relationships with your child or students?

In this enjoyable, hands-on course, parents and educators will come away with a cache of 52 tools and strategies for gaining the cooperation of children in situations that typically produce conflict between adults and children. Adult carers will learn the four Mistaken Goals that lead children to misbehave and how to counter them with words and actions that promote connection and cooperation. 

Positive Discipline by Jane Nelsen was first published in 1981 and has since sold over 3 million copies in 16 languages with trained facilitators offering courses in over 70 countries. It is considered the gold standard in parenting classes and is deeply compatible with Montessori principles. Classes consist of role plays, Socratic questioning, and other experiential learning techniques that allow parents to internalise and retain new parenting strategies successfully. 

While most parenting classes seek to control children’s behaviour with rewards and punishments, Positive Discipline teaches parents how to gain the cooperation of their children by examining aspects of their own behaviour that may be sources of misbehaviour in children, and by empowering children with skills that develop resilience, empathy, self-control and the ability to solve their own problems without tantrums or acting out. Positive Discipline sees the misbehaving child as a discouraged child, and equips parents with a repertoire of 52 tools to help them re-establish the positive connection that leaves children more receptive to redirection. Positive Discipline is evidence-based, with years of research that has proven its effectiveness in putting the joy back in parenting for families all over the world. 

Presenter: Mark Powell, Director of Education Services at Montessori Australia and accredited Positive Discipline facilitator, trained directly under Jane Nelsen in the US.

The length of the course is 15 hours in total, preferrably delivered over six weeks in 2½ hour sessions. This allows time for participants to integrate the new techniques and to read the book.  Alternatively, it can be delivered over 2 days.

Course Inclusions:

  • Workbooks are included, but purchase of the Positive Discpline book is required.
  • Partners are welcome to attend for FREE.
  • Parents may repeat the course as often as needed for FREE.
  • Childcare provided where possible during the sessions (fees apply).

* Discounted rate for Montessori Australia Individual Members and all staff and parents at member schools and centres.  Ask for the PROMO CODE from your school/centre or contact info@montessori.org.au

Scheduled courses listed on our Events page or book directly via Eventbrite.

Come along to a free Intro Session to learn about Positive Discipline!  For parents and educators.

Request an Intro Session at your school/centre or enquire about running the course for your parents (in person or Zoom). Enquires to mark@montessori.org.au.

Why Montessori

Montessori is often described as the best kept secret in education. This is not what Montessori had in mind. She envisioned her approach to education as “an aid to life” that would create peace by transforming society from within, one child at a time. 

Looking at the current state of the world it seems her transformative educational model aimed at nurturing peaceful humans is needed now more than ever before. If Montessori is such a beneficial approach to educating children, why is it still a secret? Too many parents have not heard about Montessori’s life and legacy, perhaps because there has never been a popular book or feature movie made about Dr Montessori’s captivating life story. 

Perhaps another reason this method is still a secret is that Montessori’s name has been tied to the method, and since she died in 1952 it’s tempting for people to see it as obsolete and not relevant to present day conditions. 

Those who learn what the secret is about know that the Montessori method is everything that modern research on best practice in education recommends, and more! This is because the Montessori method is based on scientific observation of how children actually learn.

Watch this video to hear the secret, then help spread the word by linking to this video on your favourite social media sites.

Blog

Articles tagged with Parenting

Child and parent food preparation

What is the best age to start Montessori at home?

11 April 2023 – 8:50am

It’s never too early – nor too late, for that matter – to start Montessori at home and witness the profound benefits of this time-tested and transformational approach to raising confident, joyful, independent young people.

When they think of Montessori, most people picture child-sized furniture that first appeared in Montessori schools over a century ago and those gorgeous hands-on manipulatives that make learning concrete and active in Montessori classrooms worldwide.

Read more

Elderly man teaching young child chess

Learning at Home

1 September 2021 – 12:00am

“Following the Child” at Home.

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Two children cooking. Photo Annie Spratt, Unsplash

Fostering Independence at Home (for the 6-9 year old child)

1 June 2021 – 12:00am

Children are capable of more self reliance than their parents sometimes think. With the right support your child can learn to meet many of their own needs, and will often joyfully rise to an opportunity convincingly put.

Self-care, care of others, community care

Read more

Preparing the Home Environment for the 0-3 Year Old Child

1 March 2021 – 12:00am

Consistency

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Child walking on a line

Walking on the Line

1 January 2021 – 1:00am

Practical Life activities in a Montessori classroom assist the child to control and coordinate their moments, and one of the earliest activities introduced in a 3-6 classroom is called “Walking on the Line”.  Montessori saw this as a natural extension of something children liked to do (walking on curbs or tracks) and developed the activity not only to help them control their body, develop balance and perfect equilibrium, but to strengthen the mind’s control of its body’s movements.

Read more

Montessori Adolescent Programs – Developing Identity

3 December 2020 – 9:50am

Alumnus Madeline Cross-Parkin has braved mental health challenges on her journey to becoming a passionate classical pianist, Instagram sensation and physics undergraduate student.  

Always top of her class in academics and piano, she reflects fondly on her time at Brisbane Montessori School, from the time she was eight months old to 12 years, and again from 15 to 16 years of age. 

“Primary School was pretty good for me. I started learning piano at Brisbane Montessori School and had lovely teachers who started me off on a path of determination,” Maddy said. 

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Offering Encouragement not Empty Praise

1 December 2020 – 9:00am

Practical suggestions for offering encouragement, not empty praise.

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Montessori Parent and Toddler Program

1 November 2020 – 9:00am

In Montessori Education, the specially designed place that children come to work in is called a ‘prepared learning environment’. The first ‘work’ your child will do in the program is to orientate themselves to the new space in which they find themselves, which may take a couple of sessions. 

The space will be arranged in exactly the same way each week in order to assist this orientation process. Each area in the ‘environment’ has a specific order and contains activities or ‘materials’ which serve different purposes for your child’s development.

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Montessori Materials

1 October 2020 – 8:00am

The preparation of each Montessori environment includes the careful preparation of the Montessori developmental materials appropriate to that environment. The Montessori materials are sets of objects, each set designed to exacting specifications. In general the materials are designed to:

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Digital Technologies for the 3-6 Year Old Child

1 September 2020 – 8:00am

In recent years there has been much debate about the integration of digital technologies, specifically the use of computers, in early childhood settings. In the view of Montessori educators the disadvantages of computer use in early childhood settings outweigh the advantages. For this reason, computers are generally not found in Montessori early childhood settings for children under six years of age.

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Maria Montessori – The Pioneer

31 August 2020 – 8:00am

Maria Montessori was born on the 31st August 1870, in Chiaravalle, Italy. From an early age she broke through the traditional barriers for women, attending a technical school with initial ambitions to be an engineer, to go on to choose a career in medicine. In 1896 Montessori became one of the first Italian women ever to obtain a medical degree. In her early career as a doctor, she was asked to represent Italy at the International Congress for women’s rights in Berlin, where she called for equal pay for women.

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Assessment and Evaluation

1 August 2020 – 8:00am

The Montessori curriculum is organised in a developmental sequence from one phase of learning to the next. Individual students, however, are able to work successfully through elements of the curriculum in a sequence unique to themselves. For this reason, comparisons between students may not be meaningful. The validity of norm-referenced assessment and the ranking of students are further reduced in the Montessori context because, in a multi-age classroom, there are comparatively small numbers of children at the same age and stage.

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Beauty and Order

1 July 2020 – 8:00am

Montessori environments are prepared to be both beautiful and ordered.

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Freedom

1 June 2020 – 8:00am

From birth children are deeply interested in everything around them. They are driven to explore their world in the service of their own development. If they are to respond to this drive, children need the freedom to explore and discover their environment independently, and to engage their full attention on what interests them with a minimum of interference and interruption.

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Lessons of Grace and Courtesy (Personal Development)

1 May 2020 – 12:00am

Personal development in Montessori early childhood settings revolves around the lessons of grace and courtesy, the Montessori lessons designed to ensure the needs of everyone in the setting are respected and to promote social harmony. These lessons are given to individual children, small groups or to the whole group. The lessons can be given:

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Learning from Home Resources

Resources for Parents

The Stamp Game – learn how to make and present the Stamp Game, a Montessori maths material for children to independently practice the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 

AMI Digital – free digital resources to schools, educators and families, starting with language materails for 3-6 year olds.

Online Montessori courses – learn more about Montessori

Montessori Short Videos – Rising Tide Montessori provides a free library of short videos about Montessori theory and practice

Build your own Montessori maths materials – download instructions for making the Addition Strip Board, Bead Frame, Checkerboard, Snake Game and Strip Board.

Montessori as an Aid to Life – supporting children aged 0-3 years in the home environment

Parenting Blog – see our blog postings for practical advice on Montessori parenting

The Montessori Notebook – Montessori at home for babies and toddlers

Montessori at Home – encouraging Montessori principles of order, independence, and self-motivation in the home 

How We Montessori – Montessori in the home environment (24-36-month-olds) 

Learning from Home Handbook for Parents

Montessori inspired indoor activities

Montessori inspired activities for toddlers

Continuing the Learning at Home – inspiration for activities at home (early childhood)

How to create an at-home Montessori for your children

Family Music For Mixed Ages – early childhood music programme

The Math Institute (Great Work Inc) & YouTube Channel – Montessori adolescent maths support

ABC Me – ABC ME is a place for school-aged children to find all the best shows from Australia and around the world. 

100 Ideas for Montessori Early Childhood Students at Home (courtesy of St. Joseph Montessori School faculty and the American Montessori Society)

100 Ideas for Montessori Primary Students at Home (courtesy of teacher Michelle Jacob and the American Montessori Society).

49 Montessori Inspired Indoor Activities

Resources for Children

Google Arts and Culture – explore collections from around the world with Google Arts and Culture, created by Google Cultural Institute. 

ABC Kids – watch shows, play games, share stories, sing, make science experiments, and much more.

Khan Academy – free online courses, lessions and schedules

Outdoor Classroom – video series of outdoor learning experiences with environmental educators including Stories with Snails, Snacks with Snakes, and a virtual Walk in the Woods.

Taronga TV – YouTube videos from Taronga Zoo, Sydney

Museum of the World – Interactive tour through the artifacts of the British Museum

Resource for Educators

The Stamp Game – a Montessori maths material for children to independently practice the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 

AMI Digital – free digital resources to schools, educators and families, starting with language materails for 3-6 year olds.

Learning from Home Handbook (template) – template for schools/centres to download and customise for their parents

Learning from Home Handbook (Montessori School of Tokyo) & Learning from Home Handbook (Omni Montessori School) – samples from schools

What Works in Online Distance Teaching & Learning – AITSL Spotlight identifies best practice evidence to guide teachers on setting up online learning and advice teachers can give to parents

The Math Institute (Great Work Inc) & YouTube Channel – Montessori adolescent maths support

ABC Education & ABC Kids Early Education – education resources for schools, teachers and students

Teach from Home – Google resource hub of information and tools to help teachers

Distance learning solutions – UNESCO list of educational applications, platforms and resources below aim to help parents, teachers, schools and school administrators facilitate student learning and provide social care and interaction during periods of school closure. 

Scootle – a national repository that provides Australian schools with more than 20,000 digital resources aligned to the Australian Curriculum.

Montessori Mondays – a free Zoom webinar session from MINT (Montessori Institute of North Texas). It looks at how educators can offer help to parents at a distance. The Zoom meetings are recorded and posted with any resources on their website so you can listen at any time.

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia 

Learn More

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specializing in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia

Aid to Life

You want to do the best for your child but no one ever trained you to be a parent. Sometimes the information you find in books, magazines, parent groups and websites is conflicting and overwhelming. It is difficult to know which route to take to help your child.

Aid to Life offers clear, simple, straightforward advice that is easy to understand and most importantly easy to apply for children from birth to three years of age.

The Aid to Life Initiative is founded on the idea that children develop optimally when they are brought up in an environment that supports their natural development, with an adult who understands how to connect them to positive activity and then allows them enough time to grow and develop according to their own pace and rhythm.

Vist the website Aid to Life.

Montessori National Curriculum

Official Recognition — December 2025

ACARA Recognition of the Montessori National Curriculum

Montessori Australia has received official notification from ACARA that the Montessori National Curriculum (MNC) has been recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework to be included on ACARA’s Recognition Register.

This is a significant achievement and has positive implications for everyone working in Montessori classrooms, not only in Australia but also worldwide. ACARA established a very rigorous recognition process to determine the extent to which a well-established alternative national curriculum can deliver comparable educational outcomes for students to those based on the Australian National Curriculum.

ACARA have advised that our curriculum aligns with the Mparntwe Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, meets the principles and guidelines in relation to the Shape of the Australian Curriculum v9, and allows for comparable educational outcomes in the following learning areas by the end of Year 10:

1

English

2

Mathematics

3

Science and History

4

The Arts

5

Health and Physical Education

6

Technologies, Digital and Design

The recognition further acknowledges our different approach to learning, and notes the role of Montessori pedagogy, materials and activities in delivering the curriculum.

Now Available — ACARA v9

MNC to ACARA Mapping Documents

Organisation members can download the full alignment tables showing exactly how each Montessori curriculum area maps to Australian Curriculum v9 content descriptors — across all six learning areas and all planes of development.

Access Mapping Documents →

Accessing the Curriculum

The 2025 version of the Montessori National Curriculum is available via licence to current member Montessori schools and centres. We encourage you to explore the curriculum and our online portal. In addition to the updated curriculum, the portal provides Montessori centres, schools and practitioners with links to support material, videos and other relevant information.

International schools requiring accreditation in their country may join as an international member to access the Montessori National Curriculum. Contact info@montessori.org.au for details.

A note for parents

The Montessori National Curriculum document is not intended as a parent document, but has been designed for a Montessori classroom environment, where there is a full complement of Montessori materials, a multi-aged classroom of children, and trained Montessori educators.

Parents who are wanting to create a Montessori home-school environment are encouraged to attend workshops and training courses that can support the use of the MNC within the home-school environment. Please reach out to info@montessori.org.au with any enquiries.

Biography of Dr. Maria Montessori

Portrait of Dr Maria Montessori, founder of the Montessori Method of education

 
31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952

Maria Montessori

Physician · Educator · Founder of the Montessori Method · Pioneer for Children’s Rights

Maria Montessori was one of the most influential educational thinkers of the twentieth century. Her pioneering work transformed how the world understands children’s learning and development — establishing a philosophy of education that continues to shape classrooms across the globe.

Born on 31 August 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy, Maria defied social convention at every stage of her life: becoming one of the first women to qualify as a doctor in Italy, championing the rights of children with disabilities, founding the first Casa dei Bambini, and ultimately developing an internationally recognised educational philosophy now known as the Montessori Method.

1870 Year of Birth
1907 First Casa dei Bambini
Nobel Prize Nominated
20+ Languages Translated

Early Life & Education

Breaking Barriers: One of Italy’s First Female Doctors

Early photograph of Maria Montessori in a garden setting, circa late 19th century

Maria Montessori in an early garden portrait, circa late 19th century.

Maria Montessori was born to Alessandro Montessori, a civil service accountant, and Renilde Stoppani, a well-read and highly educated woman. The family relocated to Rome in 1875, where Maria was enrolled in the local state school the following year.

From the very beginning, Maria charted her own course. Rather than following the conventional path expected of women at the time, she developed aspirations first in engineering and then, with even greater resolve, in medicine — a field almost entirely dominated by men.

After initially being refused entry to medical school, Maria secured the endorsement of Pope Leo XIII and was admitted to the University of Rome in 1890. Despite facing significant gender-based obstacles throughout her studies, she qualified as a doctor in July 1896, becoming one of the first women in Italy to do so.

 

Social Reform & Children’s Rights

A Champion for Children and Women’s Rights

Maria’s medical career quickly became entwined with broader social concerns. She became known not only for her clinical competence but for the deep respect she extended to patients of all social backgrounds. By 1897, she had joined a research programme at the psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome as a volunteer, igniting a profound interest in children with learning disabilities.

The works of Jean-Marc Itard — famed for his study of the “wild boy of Aveyron” — and his student Édouard Séguin became critical influences on her thinking. Appointed co-director of the Orthophrenic School, Maria began developing the hands-on educational materials that would later form the foundation of the Montessori Method.

In 1898, Maria gave birth to her son Mario, following her relationship with colleague Dr Giuseppe Montesano. That same year, at just twenty-eight years of age, she began publicly advocating the then-controversial view that the lack of support for disabled children — not their inherent limitations — was responsible for many of their difficulties.

“The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to be able to say, ‘The children are now working as if I did not exist.’”

— Maria Montessori

The Montessori Method is Born

1907: The First Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House)

Maria Montessori warmly embracing a young child, demonstrating her child-centred Montessori philosophy

Maria Montessori with a young child — her deep connection with children informed every aspect of the Montessori Method.

From 1901, Maria pursued her own studies in educational philosophy and anthropology, and from 1904 to 1908 she lectured at the Pedagogic School of the University of Rome. It was during this era of rapid urban growth that a pivotal opportunity arose in the San Lorenzo district of Rome — a neighbourhood beset by poverty — where children were left unsupervised at home while their parents worked.

In 1907, Maria opened the first Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House), bringing the educational materials she had developed at the Orthophrenic School into an entirely new context. What emerged was a revelation: children placed in an environment carefully designed to support their natural development demonstrated a remarkable capacity to educate themselves, engaging in sustained, purposeful activity with a focus and independence that few adults expected of them.

By 1909, Maria had delivered her first teacher training course to approximately 100 students. Her lecture notes from this period became the basis for her landmark first book, published in Italy in 1909 and released in the United States in 1912 as The Montessori Method — ultimately translated into more than 20 languages.

International Recognition

A Global Movement: Montessori Education Spreads Worldwide

Reception for Maria Montessori with Alexander Graham Bell in the United States, early 20th century

A reception held in honour of Maria Montessori in the United States, where her work attracted widespread recognition — including from Alexander Graham Bell, pictured second from left.

The years following 1909 brought extraordinary international growth. Montessori societies, teacher training programmes, and schools were established across Europe, America, and beyond. Maria became a celebrated public figure, travelling extensively to the United States, the United Kingdom, and throughout Europe to lecture and train educators.

From 1917, Maria lived in Spain, where she was joined by son Mario and his wife Helen Christy. Together they raised their four children: Mario Jr, Rolando, Marilena, and Renilde. In 1929, mother and son co-founded the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) to safeguard the integrity of her work and ensure its continuation.

 

1909

First teacher training course delivered to ~100 students; The Montessori Method published in Italy.

 

1912

The Montessori Method published in the United States, sparking widespread international interest.

 

1917

Maria relocates to Spain; Montessori schools spreading across Europe and the Americas.

 

1929

Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) co-founded by Maria and Mario Montessori.

 

1933

Nazi Germany closes all Montessori schools; Mussolini follows suit in Italy, forcing Maria into exile.

 

1936

Fleeing the Spanish Civil War, Maria and Mario travel to England, then settle in the Netherlands.

India 1939–1946

Seven Years in India: The Birth of Cosmic Education

Maria Montessori dressed in a sari, photographed with son Mario and Indian colleagues during her time in India circa 1939 to 1946

Maria Montessori dressed in a sari, photographed with son Mario and Indian colleagues during her years in India.

What began as a three-month lecture tour of India in 1939 became a seven-year stay. When the Second World War broke out, Mario was interned as an Italian citizen by the British government, and Maria was placed under house arrest.

Far from halting her work, the years in India proved extraordinarily productive. Maria immersed herself deeply in Indian culture — including adopting traditional dress — and developed her educational approach for children aged 6–12 years, which she called Cosmic Education: a holistic framework connecting children to the interconnectedness of all life and knowledge.

On her 70th birthday, Maria requested that Mario be freed from internment. The request was granted, and together they went on to train more than a thousand Indian teachers during their time in the country.

 

Later Life & Enduring Legacy

A Legacy That Spans Continents and Generations

Nobel Peace Prize Nominations

Maria Montessori was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in three consecutive years — 1949, 1950, and 1951 — in recognition of her lifelong work promoting peace through education. In 1947, she addressed UNESCO on the theme Education and Peace, arguing that authentic education is the surest foundation for a peaceful world.

Maria and Mario returned to the Netherlands in 1946. Her final years were marked by continued international advocacy and recognition. Her last public engagement was the 9th International Montessori Congress in London in 1951. Maria Montessori passed away on 6 May 1952 at the age of 81 in the Netherlands, bequeathing the entirety of her life’s work to her son Mario.

The Montessori Method she founded continues to be practised in thousands of schools across more than 100 countries. In Australia, Montessori education is recognised by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) as an alternative national curriculum framework.

📖

The Montessori Method (1909)

Her foundational text, translated into over 20 languages, remains a key reference for Montessori educators worldwide.

🌍

Association Montessori Internationale

Co-founded in 1929 with Mario Montessori, the AMI continues to uphold the integrity of authentic Montessori practice globally.

🇦🇺

Montessori Education in Australia

ACARA-recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework, with Montessori Australia as the National Peak Body since 2007.

Maria Montessori’s biography is maintained by Montessori Australia, the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007. For more information about the Montessori Method, Montessori schools in Australia, and the Montessori National Curriculum recognised by ACARA, visit my.montessori.org.au.

Our Role

Montessori Australia

Montessori Australia is the leading national organisation dedicated to promoting and advancing the Montessori philosophy and education system in Australia. Our goal is to provide comprehensive support and guidance to Montessori schools, centres, educators, higher educational institutions, adult care facilities and families to ensure that every child and adult in Australia has access to a high-quality Montessori approach to education and care. We support a ‘whole of life’ approach, sharing how Montessori principles can support independence and self-esteem, from birth to the elderly.

 

At Montessori Australia, we believe that children and adults should be supported to develop their full potential through an education and care system that prioritises their unique interests, learning style and abilities. We are committed to promoting the benefits of the Montessori approach in education and care to parents, educators, caregivers and the wider community. Our website serves as a hub of information, offering resources, news, and events for anyone interested in learning more about Montessori practices in a variety of settings and its benefits.

 

We believe that education and care is a collaborative effort and that families, educators and caregivers are key partners in helping the achievement of one’s full potential. We work closely with Montessori schools, centres and families across Australia to provide support and guidance on a wide range of issues related to Montessori education and caregiving. We invite you to explore our website and learn more about how we can help support your Montessori journey.

 

We are proud to provide member services to 62% of the Montessori providers across the country.

Overview

Montessori Australia

Montessori Australia is the leading national organisation dedicated to promoting and advancing the Montessori philosophy and education system in Australia. Our goal is to provide comprehensive support and guidance to Montessori schools, centres, educators and families to ensure that every child in Australia has access to a high-quality Montessori education. We support a ‘whole of life’ approach, sharing how Montessori principles can support independence and self-esteem, from birth to the elderly.

At Montessori Australia, we believe that children should be supported to develop their full potential through an education system that prioritises their unique interests and learning style. We are committed to promoting the benefits of Montessori education to parents, educators, and the wider community. Our website serves as a hub of information, offering resources, news, and events for anyone interested in learning more about Montessori education and its benefits.

We believe that education is a collaborative effort and that families and educators are key partners in helping children achieve their full potential. We work closely with Montessori schools, centres and families across Australia to provide support and guidance on a wide range of issues related to Montessori education. We invite you to explore our website and learn more about how we can help support your Montessori journey.

We are proud to provide member services to 62% of the Montessori providers across the country.

Vision and Mission

Vision

A strong and unified Montessori community that is a transformational agent for a peaceful world.

Mission

To build on the past and improve the future by strengthening the Montessori education system as a transformative instrument throughout Australasia and engaging the Montessori community to protect, develop and grow capacity as educators and caregivers.

Our Goals

  • Commit to best practice governance and leadership. 
  • Engage with the Montessori community stakeholders with inclusive, safe, and respectful relationships. 
  • Advance and develop Montessori pedagogy with an educational reform process for Australia. 
  • Drive Montessori provider growth in all sectors, inspiring a passion for authentic practice and supporting greater access to Montessori principles. 

 

Montessori Australia works to support the natural development of the human being from birth, early childhood through to maturity. Montessori works to enable children to become the transforming elements of society leading to a harmonious and peaceful world.

Founding Principles

Centralised and Streamlined

In order for Montessori to achieve its potential, there needs to be a centralised access point for Montessori service provision in Australia. In short, we need to simplify and demystify Montessori for schools, parents, educators, government and outside agencies. In the past there was enormous duplication of effort as individual schools produced essentially the same documents, faced the same compliance challenges, and attempted to develop the same resources. Montessori Australia is working to provide all these resources centrally.

Visionary and Altruistic

Given the underlying aims of the Montessori movement, we believe a well structured benevolent organisation is a key to providing support for the work of raising public awareness of Montessori. Our prime aim is to make as widely available as possible the fundamental principles of human development and supporting practices to as many people as possible. “Aid to Life” remains the single most defining statement of Montessori purpose and guides all our endeavours.

Service Provision for All Montessorians and All Children

We see it is as fundamental that services be made available as widely as possible to all Montessorians. We further seek to work collaboratively with the major Montessori training organisations in Australia and to represent Montessori to government and outside agencies with one voice. We actively communicate with all Montessori organisations in Australia. In addition, we continue to create a network of collaboration with a wide variety of international Montessori organisations. Our ultimate focus is to champion the cause of all children.

Professional Staff, Resources and Infrastructure

While volunteers will continue to play an important part in our organisation, we have made the quantum leap and put in place professional staff, resources and infrastructure. Professionally implemented and staffed initiatives will assist us to meet current challenges and to advance the Montessori movement.

Community Updates

30 November 2022

PDF icon DOWNLOAD UPDATE

Thank you to our Montessori community. It’s been a transformational year for Montessori Australia!

Your many ideas and suggestions over the past year – gathered from personal site visits to early childhood centres, schools and aged care facilities, meetings with educators and leaders, surveys, interactions and feedback – have all been invaluable in helping us better understand your needs. Your feedback has allowed us to refine our services to better suit the changing needs of a modern, post-Covid workforce. Although its fundamental principles remain as powerful today as they did a hundred years ago, we believe that Montessori must adapt to the times to stay relevant and to take the movement forward.

Below are some highlights from our efforts to collaborate and innovate. Montessori Australia has achieved the highest level of community support in its 15-year history as the national peak body with nearly 65% of all Montessori programs in the country, including 84% of all schools, now members.

Quality Standards for all Training Traditions

We have brought globally recognised standards for Montessori training to Australia through our accreditation with the Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education (MACTE). Over the last 25 years the Montessori community worldwide has increasingly come to recognise MACTE accreditation as a sign of quality Montessori training and we are proud to represent MACTE in Australasia. 

Quality Standards for all Schools and Centres

Now in its second year, the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice program (MQ:AP) is reinvigorating the quality improvement process for centres and schools through a self-reflective process that is now more in line with Montessori principles. 

Connections with Like-Minded Education Organisations

Many of our workshops, conferences and professional development programs are now accredited with NESA and ACT for Professional Learning hours. Montessori Australia has also sought to increase the exposure of the Montessori movement by making connections with other educational organisations, including the establishment of Transforming Education Australasia (TEA), a new collective for promoting the common agenda of alternative education organisations.

Advancing Montessori Across Australia

In response to your calls for increased advocacy, visibility and marketing, we have held ongoing discussions with ACECQA, NESA, ACARA, and ISA, among other regulatory bodies. Montessori Australia has been working with ACECQA to provide articles, resources and assessor training. Our video Why Montessori? has been used widely to promote Montessori to new schools, services, and is available to centres and schools to use for their own promotional purposes. Traffic on the Montessori Australia website is currently increasing at an average rate of about 12% monthly with unprecedented high click rates on pages in Australia, US, Canada and the UK! We have also sought to showcase Montessori to wider audiences through our conferences and professional development programs, which we have begun to market outside the Montessori community. 

Fostering Australian Research

Montessori Australia has liaised with independent researchers to showcase their work, and supported those embarking upon research in Australia through discussions with several universities. Our website now highlights some excellent contemporary Australian research. Working with you, the community and leading academics in the area, the Early Childhood Focus Group has compiled research on floor beds and has conducted a review of data management systems, two issues of high need for early childhood centres across Australia. Montessori educators, parents, and alumni took part in the second phase of a research project with UNSW to begin to consider and examine alternative outcomes of school success with an invitation to come to take part in the next phase of research with UNSW’s Alternative indicators of school success project. Stay tuned.

Grassroots Work in Focus Groups

We have also become an organisation of unity and inclusion within the Montessori community in Australia. Our action-based Focus Groups are open to everyone, no matter their training background. If you have an interest in participating in any of these focus groups please contact us at info@montessori.org.au

Mentoring and Networking

Montessori Australia has also supported the Montessori community by honouring experienced Montessorians in the community and connecting them with younger educators with two dozen interviews with Montessorians from a range of backgrounds on our bi-monthly Zoom program Montessori Lives! 

Montessori Australia has actively promoted networking within the Montessori community and between Montessorians and the wider educational community with live conferences. Our Early Childhood Best Practice Conference will be on 11-12 March 2023 on the Gold Coast, packed with an impressive lineup of speakers, fun and engaging entertainment and long-missed networking opportunities.  Save the dates for our 2023 events.

Join Us and Get Involved!

We are YOUR peak body. Montessori Australia welcomes everyone with an interest in the Montessori community to get involved at whatever level they are comfortable with. We welcome Montessori educators and leaders of all levels and training traditions. With nearly 65% of all Montessori schools and centres around the country as members, we offer tangible benefits and services. Click here for membership options or to inquire about getting involved with a Focus Group, email us at info@montessori.org.au.

Montessori Australia…Transformational

Strategic Plan

Montessori Australia is proud of the progress that the organisation has made since 2019 to build on the previous work of the Montessori Australia Foundation and improve the structure and inclusivity of the organisation going forward.

Montessori Australia works with compelling intent to advance Montessori education in Australia. Montessori Australia acknowledges previous incredible achievements and acts as custodians of the intellectual property on behalf of the Montessori community.

Our aim is to add value to a broad spectrum of services in the community (early childhood, long day care services, schools and aged care) and to place the organisation under a strong and collaborative leadership team with aspirations to drive the organisation towards an exciting future so that we can be proud of our global position as an impressive national representative body.

To this end, Montessori Australia has developed a triune structure which includes an administrative arm known as the Montessori Australia Group (MAG), a not-for-profit services arm known as Montessori Australia Organisation (MAO), and an entity to safeguard IP, the Montessori Australia Assets Trust (MAAT). Developments also include the offering of several types of membership that enables everyone to participate in the organisation including Directors, individual Montessori practitioners, Montessori service providers (early childhood centres, schools, aged care centres, etc), associates such as ancillary service providers, as well as parents and caregivers.

We invite you to download our Strategic Plan.

Overview

Montessori Australia

Montessori Australia is the leading national organisation dedicated to promoting and advancing the Montessori philosophy and education system in Australia. Our goal is to provide comprehensive support and guidance to Montessori schools, centres, educators and families to ensure that every child in Australia has access to a high-quality Montessori education. We support a ‘whole of life’ approach, sharing how Montessori principles can support independence and self-esteem, from birth to the elderly.

At Montessori Australia, we believe that children should be supported to develop their full potential through an education system that prioritises their unique interests and learning style. We are committed to promoting the benefits of Montessori education to parents, educators, and the wider community. Our website serves as a hub of information, offering resources, news, and events for anyone interested in learning more about Montessori education and its benefits.

We believe that education is a collaborative effort and that families and educators are key partners in helping children achieve their full potential. We work closely with Montessori schools, centres and families across Australia to provide support and guidance on a wide range of issues related to Montessori education. We invite you to explore our website and learn more about how we can help support your Montessori journey.

We are proud to provide member services to 62% of the Montessori providers across the country.

Directory

Job Openings

Schools and Centres

All Montessori schools and centres in Australia are independently owned and operated not governed by Montessori Australia.  We provide a listing of Montessori programmes on our website and encourage prospective parents to contact them directly.  Those with the Montessori Registered™ logo have been assessed as part of the Montessori Quality Assurance Programme as running a quality Montessori programme.  Those with the Montessori Australia logo have joined our membership programme.  Click here for more details about what these logos mean.

Directory

Open Days



Montessori Open Days

Montessori Open Day

Nexus Early Learning Parent Information Day

📅 Saturday, May 10th, 2025 | 10:30am – 12:00pm

  • 10:30am – Montessori Approach
  • 11:15am – Kindergarten Funding
  • 11:30am – Development Milestones by Elyce
  • Learn about childhood education at Nexus

All Welcome!

📍 165-167 Southern Road, Heidelberg West VIC 3081

📞 0397389090 / 0402196692

✉️ heidelberg@nexusel.com

🌐
Book Now!

The Athena School Open Day

📅 Wednesday 28 May 2025 | ⏰ 10.00am – 12.00noon

  • Tours
  • Info Packs
  • Refreshments
  • Entertainment

All Welcome!

📍 28 Oxford Street, Newtown NSW 2042

📞 02 9557 0022

✉️ enquiries@athena.nsw.edu.au

🌐 www.athena.nsw.edu.au

Echoes Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 85 Smart Rd, Modbury SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Little Oxford Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 18 Trimmer Tce, Unley SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Rosemont House Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 59 Kensington Rd, Norwood SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Jescott Montessori Open House

📅 Tuesday 27 & Thursday 29 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am

  • Observe Montessori in action
  • See children engaged in learning
  • Meet our dedicated educators
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 6 Lorne Avenue, Magill SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Lilliput Village Montessori Open House

📅 Tuesday 27 & Thursday 29 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am

  • Observe Montessori in action
  • See children engaged in learning
  • Meet our dedicated educators
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 193 Portrush Rd, Maylands SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Cedars Montessori Preschool Open Week

📅 Monday 26 to Friday 30 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am daily

  • Visit on any morning of the week
  • Observe Montessori in action
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 52 Oxford Tce, Unley SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Chancery Lane Montessori Personal Tours

📅 Available at your convenience | By appointment

  • Personal guided tour
  • One-on-one with our educators
  • Customized to your questions
  • Information packs provided

By Appointment!

📍 21 Chancery Lane, Adelaide CBD SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Montessori Registered (Know Quality)

Choosing the right Montessori environment for your child is important. Each school, centre or programme is run independently from Montessori Australia and is either privately owned, part of a public school, or run by a non-profit association.

“Montessori” is not trademarked so it is possible for any school or centre to include the word “Montessori” in their name. Most “Montessori” schools or centres aim to offer a quality Montessori programme.

In its role as the national body, Montessori Australia has established an Australian system to identify Authentic Practice for Montessori programs and to support education services in maintaining these standards.

LOGOs on our Directory Listing

Montessori Australia logo: the school/centre has joined our membership programme.  This means that the school/centre pays a membership fee to receive services and support from Montessori Australia and are a contributing member of the Australian Montessori community.  

Montessori Registered logo: the school/centres has been assessed by the national body as meeting Montessori standards.  This assessment was undertaken as part of the previous incarnation of our Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program, a supportive and positive means of continuous improvement by which education services strive to ensure quality and best practice.

MQAP Participating or MQAP Applied logos: show that they are on the journey to become Montessori Registered, but have not yet been assessed.

Click here to go to the new MQ:AP website providing further details about the program.

Your Visit

As all Montessori schools and centres are independently owned and operated, the quality of their Montessori programme may vary.  To know quality, we recommend prospective parents locate their nearest Montessori Registered™ school or centre, identified by these logos on our listing page here.  Visits to these and other schools and centres are encouraged to determine if they are a suitable fit for your child and family.  

When visiting, here are some questions to look for which will indicate a quality Montessori programme:

  • Is the physical environment beautiful?
  • Is there a feeling of peace?
  • Is there a variety of different kinds of work being done?
  • Is there an absence of worksheets and workbooks?
  • Do the children seem to be relaxed and happy?
  • Do the children seem to have a sense of purpose?
  • Are the children kind and courteous with each other?
  • Are the children concentrating very hard on their work?
  • Are the children in primary appearing to work seriously even while some are casually carrying on conversations with others?
  • Does the teacher appear to be constantly aware of the whole room, intervening only when children seem aimless or nonconstructive, or are bothering others?

These are the traits of quality Montessori classrooms.

(List courtesy of Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius, Angeline Stoll Lillard)

We would also recommend that parents assess a Montessori school or centre using the same values as the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program:

  • All children have the right to an environment that is carefully prepared so that it meets and nurtures the developmental needs of each child.
  • The child is an active participant in the learning process.
  • Multi-age groups aligned with developmental planes provide for optimal social, emotional and cognitive learning.
  • Self-discovery and exploration are important parts of the learning process.
  • A non-competitive approach and the use of self- correcting materials promotes independence and self-con dence.
  • The culturally diverse backgrounds of families and their active involvement in the centre enrich and foster a community that embraces tolerance and cooperation.

Watch a video: Why choose Montessori education for your child?

Curriculum

Recognised as a alternative national curriculum framework by ACARA

Montessori National Curriculum

Official Recognition — December 2025

ACARA Recognition of the Montessori National Curriculum

Montessori Australia has received official notification from ACARA that the Montessori National Curriculum (MNC) has been recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework to be included on ACARA’s Recognition Register.

This is a significant achievement and has positive implications for everyone working in Montessori classrooms, not only in Australia but also worldwide. ACARA established a very rigorous recognition process to determine the extent to which a well-established alternative national curriculum can deliver comparable educational outcomes for students to those based on the Australian National Curriculum.

ACARA have advised that our curriculum aligns with the Mparntwe Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, meets the principles and guidelines in relation to the Shape of the Australian Curriculum v9, and allows for comparable educational outcomes in the following learning areas by the end of Year 10:

1

English

2

Mathematics

3

Science and History

4

The Arts

5

Health and Physical Education

6

Technologies, Digital and Design

The recognition further acknowledges our different approach to learning, and notes the role of Montessori pedagogy, materials and activities in delivering the curriculum.

Now Available — ACARA v9

MNC to ACARA Mapping Documents

Organisation members can download the full alignment tables showing exactly how each Montessori curriculum area maps to Australian Curriculum v9 content descriptors — across all six learning areas and all planes of development.

Access Mapping Documents →

Accessing the Curriculum

The 2025 version of the Montessori National Curriculum is available via licence to current member Montessori schools and centres. We encourage you to explore the curriculum and our online portal. In addition to the updated curriculum, the portal provides Montessori centres, schools and practitioners with links to support material, videos and other relevant information.

International schools requiring accreditation in their country may join as an international member to access the Montessori National Curriculum. Contact info@montessori.org.au for details.

A note for parents

The Montessori National Curriculum document is not intended as a parent document, but has been designed for a Montessori classroom environment, where there is a full complement of Montessori materials, a multi-aged classroom of children, and trained Montessori educators.

Parents who are wanting to create a Montessori home-school environment are encouraged to attend workshops and training courses that can support the use of the MNC within the home-school environment. Please reach out to info@montessori.org.au with any enquiries.

Montessori Early Years Programme

Under the National Law and Regulations, early childhood education and care services are required to base their educational program on an approved learning framework. This should focus on addressing the developmental needs, interests and experiences of each child, while taking into account individual differences.

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF) is the approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework for young children from birth to five years of age.

Montessori Australia has developed a poster that visually articulates the mapping of the Montessori curriculum against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

Click here to purchase the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP) poster from our online shop.

Please note: The MEYLP poster is subject to copyright and can not be reproduced without the prior consent of Montessori Australia.

Montessori Australia members are provided a PDF copy of the MEYLP poster.

Montessori and the National Quality Agenda

The governments National Quality Agenda is an important set of reforms for the Early Childhood Education and Care sector. Changes include the National Quality Standards, the Early Years Learning Framework and other regulations for service provision.

Montessori Australia recommends a number of commercially available professional resources, including:

Montessori and the National Quality Standards

This document looks at each individual standard and element of the 7 quality areas in relation to a Montessori environment and in context of what the Authorised Officer may observe, discuss and sight during an Assessment visit.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-nqs

Montessori National Curriculum and the EYLF

A high-gloss poster that visually maps the Montessori National Curriculum for children under 6 years of age against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

The poster is available in A4 and A3 through Montessori Australia’s online store.

Montessori and the EYLF

This document articulates how Montessori practice fits the principles, practice and outcomes of the EYLF.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-eylf

Bridging the Gap

This document gives an analysis of the most likely areas where an Authorised Officer may find Montessori Practice and other settings diverge. It provides strategies on how to “bridge the gap” of understanding.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/bridging-the-gap-between-mont…

Training Centres


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Montessori Teacher Training in Australia

Begin your journey as a Montessori educator with nationally recognized training programmes

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child’s stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals. A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori Teacher Training Centres in Australia

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited
Providing quality Montessori training courses accredited by MACTE (Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education), the world accrediting body for Montessori Teacher Training Organisations. Visit AMTI website

MECTA (Montessori Early Childhood Training Australia)

ASQA Accredited
Offering the Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority) with flexible learning options. Visit MECTA website

Montessori Institute

Nationally Accredited
The only Montessori training institution in Australia offering teacher and educator courses nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA for early childhood and primary education. Visit Montessori Institute website

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

AMI Accredited
The only AMI (Association Montessori Internationale) training centre in Australia, offering the internationally recognized AMI Montessori Diploma across all age levels (0-18 years). Visit SMTC website

The AMI Montessori Diploma

One of the most highly regarded Montessori training qualifications is the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori Diploma, which is internationally recognized for its high standard and authenticity. AMI was founded in 1929 by Dr Maria Montessori, and is a global community that continues today to protect the integrity of her work and accredits training centres throughout the world. The Sydney Montessori Training Centre is the only AMI training centre in Australia.

Nationally Accredited Qualifications

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognized qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. MECTA’s Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority).

Adolescent Programme Training

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level (12-18 years) in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent courses offered internationally.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher’s circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction course in Montessori education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators.

Montessori Training Australia

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia 

Montessori Early Years Programme

Under the National Law and Regulations, early childhood education and care services are required to base their educational program on an approved learning framework. This should focus on addressing the developmental needs, interests and experiences of each child, while taking into account individual differences.

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF) is the approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework for young children from birth to five years of age.

Montessori Australia has developed a poster that visually articulates the mapping of the Montessori curriculum against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

Click here to purchase the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP) poster from our online shop.

Please note: The MEYLP poster is subject to copyright and can not be reproduced without the prior consent of Montessori Australia.

Montessori Australia members are provided a PDF copy of the MEYLP poster.

Montessori Registered™

Montessori Registered™

Authentic Montessori Practice, Verified

Australia’s national quality assurance program for Montessori education.
Supporting authentic Montessori practice with ACARA recognized curriculum
for early childhood centres, schools, and professional development across Australia.

ACARA Recognized National Curriculum

Discover MQ:AP Program

What Is Montessori Registered™?

Supporting Reflective Development

Montessori Registered™ is Australia’s national quality assurance program for Montessori schools and centres. Developed by Montessori Australia, the national peak body for Montessori education since 2007, it helps services reflect, improve, and maintain authentic Montessori practice through clear standards, guidelines, and professional support.


  • ACARA recognized Montessori National Curriculum

  • Continuous reflective development model

  • Professional Montessori teacher training support

  • Quality assurance for families and stakeholders

  • Networking and professional mentoring

Core Philosophy

“Education as an aid to life” – believing children are born with amazing potentialities and deserve support to maximize these through appropriate learning environments based on Maria Montessori philosophy.

Our Mission

Supporting Montessori education and adult care across Australia, maintaining ACARA recognition as an alternative national curriculum framework while supporting authentic practice.

MQ:AP Six-Step Process

The Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program guides Australian Montessori centres
through a comprehensive quality improvement journey.

1

Explore

Explore the MQ:AP website and program information to understand the quality framework for authentic Montessori practice.

2

Select

Select a guide from your staff to attend the Authentic Practice Guide training and lead your program.

3

Submit

Submit the online Self Assessment Application to begin your quality improvement journey.

4

Develop

Develop an Action Plan and submit Annual Updates against the plan for continuous improvement.

5

Option A

Supporting Reflective Development and Self-assessment pathway for quality assurance.

6

Option B

Supporting Reflective Development, Self-assessment and verifying visit for comprehensive validation.

MQ:AP Program Statuses

Four clear stages of progression for Montessori schools Australia
participating in our quality assurance program.

Qualify to Apply

Initial Assessment Stage

Education services evaluating their readiness to begin the MQ:AP quality improvement journey and preparing for authentic Montessori practice assessment.

MQ:AP Applied

Enrolled on the MQ:AP Program

Education services that have committed to the quality improvement journey and are beginning their authentic Montessori practice assessment.

MQ:AP Participating

Engaged with Trained Guides

Services actively undertaking self-assessment with trained guides, working towards meeting Montessori standards and quality frameworks.

Montessori Registered™

Meeting Montessori Standards

Services that have completed all steps and meet the majority of Montessori Standards, demonstrating excellence in early childhood education Montessori practice.

Why Should Your Education Service Participate?

Australian Quality Movement

Join an Australian movement where Montessori Standards and Guidelines support positive growth and development of Montessori education services nationwide.

National Quality Framework Alignment

Address National Reform and National Quality Standards through integrated continuous improvement, clarifying Montessori curriculum ACARA compliance.

Streamlined Self-Assessment

Benefit from streamlined, self-assessment based processes that aid services while maintaining compliance with ACECQA and State Education Departments.

Professional Development Support

Access comprehensive Montessori professional development opportunities, networking, and mentoring through Montessori Australia.

Program Objectives


  • Promote confidence in providing authentic Montessori practice for children and families throughout Australia

  • Support staff to create a culture of continuous reflection leading to quality outcomes

  • Elevate recognition of Montessori’s contribution to quality education and care within government

  • Support leadership with National Quality Framework compliance for accountability and professionalism

For Families Choosing Montessori

The focus of MQ:AP ensures authentic Montessori practice through continuous, reflective development. It provides standards and guidelines supported by professional development models.

Important Note: “Montessori” is not trademarked, so any education service can include the word in its name. MQ:AP helps families identify services committed to authentic practice based on Maria Montessori philosophy.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is MQ:AP and why was it redesigned?

Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) is the redesigned version of the original Montessori Quality Assurance Programme from 2007. It was reviewed and reengineered in 2021 to meet current industry practice, progressing standards and creating a sustainable support network for Montessori education services across Australia.

What is a MAP Guide and what role do they play?

A Montessori Authentic Practice Guide (MAP Guide) is a staff member from your education service, selected by the service leader, who takes responsibility for facilitating the quality improvement process. MAP Guides are crucial to the success of MQ:AP ‘Supporting Reflective Practice’ and must have foundational skills in Montessori principles, pedagogy and practice. They undergo intensive training and work to develop confidential, trusting relationships with staff.

How has the assessment process changed?

MQ:AP has shifted from auditing for assurance to self-assessments with verification. This aligns with Early Childhood/Long Day services implementing self-assessments with the National Quality Standard (NQS), and reflects the individual improvement journey of each service rather than comparative ratings. This approach reduces costs while maintaining quality assurance for authentic Montessori practice.

What are the six quality standards in MQ:AP?

MQ:AP expanded from four to six standards using an integrated systems approach:

  • The Customer: The Child – Ensuring Montessori’s focus on the child is clearly prioritized
  • The Prepared Adult: Educators and Guides
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Educational Program
  • The Stakeholders: Families, Communities, and Government
  • Governance, Leadership, and Admissions – Enhanced to highlight leadership’s crucial role

How does MQ:AP align with Australian education requirements?

MQ:AP recognizes the rigorous Quality Improvement Process for Early Childhood services and links with registration and accreditation processes for Australian schools. The color coding of standards aligns with the Australian NQS, making it easy for educators and guides to link Authentic Practice Guidelines with current Early Childhood service requirements. This creates streamlined support for compliance while maintaining Montessori curriculum ACARA recognition.

What training is required for MAP Guides?

MAP Guides must complete a two-day foundation training program covering MQ:AP Standards and Guidelines and reflective practice. This intensive training is offered as a series of seminars and ensures guides are committed to making the process supportive and positive for everyone involved. MAP Guides are selected and approved by their employer to serve their organization.

Who are considered stakeholders in the MQ:AP framework?

Stakeholders include staff, families, and the broader community (including government). Recent American Montessori research has highlighted stakeholders as integral parts of the organizational structure and system. This comprehensive approach ensures all parties invested in the child’s education are considered in the quality improvement process.

Where can I access MQ:AP resources and information?

The MQ:AP Standards and Guidelines and self-assessment processes are available on the Montessori Australia website for schools, centres, educators, and families to access. MAP Guides also have access to the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice Portal with specialized resources for their role.

Ready to Begin Your Quality Journey?

Join the national movement supporting authentic Montessori practice
and Montessori teacher training excellence across Australia.

Program Information

info@montessori.org.au

Montessori Australia

5-6/50 Gateway Drive
Noosaville QLD 4566

Apply Now for MQ:AP


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Montessori

Biography of Dr. Maria Montessori

Portrait of Dr Maria Montessori, founder of the Montessori Method of education

 
31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952

Maria Montessori

Physician · Educator · Founder of the Montessori Method · Pioneer for Children’s Rights

Maria Montessori was one of the most influential educational thinkers of the twentieth century. Her pioneering work transformed how the world understands children’s learning and development — establishing a philosophy of education that continues to shape classrooms across the globe.

Born on 31 August 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy, Maria defied social convention at every stage of her life: becoming one of the first women to qualify as a doctor in Italy, championing the rights of children with disabilities, founding the first Casa dei Bambini, and ultimately developing an internationally recognised educational philosophy now known as the Montessori Method.

1870 Year of Birth
1907 First Casa dei Bambini
Nobel Prize Nominated
20+ Languages Translated

Early Life & Education

Breaking Barriers: One of Italy’s First Female Doctors

Early photograph of Maria Montessori in a garden setting, circa late 19th century

Maria Montessori in an early garden portrait, circa late 19th century.

Maria Montessori was born to Alessandro Montessori, a civil service accountant, and Renilde Stoppani, a well-read and highly educated woman. The family relocated to Rome in 1875, where Maria was enrolled in the local state school the following year.

From the very beginning, Maria charted her own course. Rather than following the conventional path expected of women at the time, she developed aspirations first in engineering and then, with even greater resolve, in medicine — a field almost entirely dominated by men.

After initially being refused entry to medical school, Maria secured the endorsement of Pope Leo XIII and was admitted to the University of Rome in 1890. Despite facing significant gender-based obstacles throughout her studies, she qualified as a doctor in July 1896, becoming one of the first women in Italy to do so.

 

Social Reform & Children’s Rights

A Champion for Children and Women’s Rights

Maria’s medical career quickly became entwined with broader social concerns. She became known not only for her clinical competence but for the deep respect she extended to patients of all social backgrounds. By 1897, she had joined a research programme at the psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome as a volunteer, igniting a profound interest in children with learning disabilities.

The works of Jean-Marc Itard — famed for his study of the “wild boy of Aveyron” — and his student Édouard Séguin became critical influences on her thinking. Appointed co-director of the Orthophrenic School, Maria began developing the hands-on educational materials that would later form the foundation of the Montessori Method.

In 1898, Maria gave birth to her son Mario, following her relationship with colleague Dr Giuseppe Montesano. That same year, at just twenty-eight years of age, she began publicly advocating the then-controversial view that the lack of support for disabled children — not their inherent limitations — was responsible for many of their difficulties.

“The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to be able to say, ‘The children are now working as if I did not exist.’”

— Maria Montessori

The Montessori Method is Born

1907: The First Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House)

Maria Montessori warmly embracing a young child, demonstrating her child-centred Montessori philosophy

Maria Montessori with a young child — her deep connection with children informed every aspect of the Montessori Method.

From 1901, Maria pursued her own studies in educational philosophy and anthropology, and from 1904 to 1908 she lectured at the Pedagogic School of the University of Rome. It was during this era of rapid urban growth that a pivotal opportunity arose in the San Lorenzo district of Rome — a neighbourhood beset by poverty — where children were left unsupervised at home while their parents worked.

In 1907, Maria opened the first Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House), bringing the educational materials she had developed at the Orthophrenic School into an entirely new context. What emerged was a revelation: children placed in an environment carefully designed to support their natural development demonstrated a remarkable capacity to educate themselves, engaging in sustained, purposeful activity with a focus and independence that few adults expected of them.

By 1909, Maria had delivered her first teacher training course to approximately 100 students. Her lecture notes from this period became the basis for her landmark first book, published in Italy in 1909 and released in the United States in 1912 as The Montessori Method — ultimately translated into more than 20 languages.

International Recognition

A Global Movement: Montessori Education Spreads Worldwide

Reception for Maria Montessori with Alexander Graham Bell in the United States, early 20th century

A reception held in honour of Maria Montessori in the United States, where her work attracted widespread recognition — including from Alexander Graham Bell, pictured second from left.

The years following 1909 brought extraordinary international growth. Montessori societies, teacher training programmes, and schools were established across Europe, America, and beyond. Maria became a celebrated public figure, travelling extensively to the United States, the United Kingdom, and throughout Europe to lecture and train educators.

From 1917, Maria lived in Spain, where she was joined by son Mario and his wife Helen Christy. Together they raised their four children: Mario Jr, Rolando, Marilena, and Renilde. In 1929, mother and son co-founded the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) to safeguard the integrity of her work and ensure its continuation.

 

1909

First teacher training course delivered to ~100 students; The Montessori Method published in Italy.

 

1912

The Montessori Method published in the United States, sparking widespread international interest.

 

1917

Maria relocates to Spain; Montessori schools spreading across Europe and the Americas.

 

1929

Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) co-founded by Maria and Mario Montessori.

 

1933

Nazi Germany closes all Montessori schools; Mussolini follows suit in Italy, forcing Maria into exile.

 

1936

Fleeing the Spanish Civil War, Maria and Mario travel to England, then settle in the Netherlands.

India 1939–1946

Seven Years in India: The Birth of Cosmic Education

Maria Montessori dressed in a sari, photographed with son Mario and Indian colleagues during her time in India circa 1939 to 1946

Maria Montessori dressed in a sari, photographed with son Mario and Indian colleagues during her years in India.

What began as a three-month lecture tour of India in 1939 became a seven-year stay. When the Second World War broke out, Mario was interned as an Italian citizen by the British government, and Maria was placed under house arrest.

Far from halting her work, the years in India proved extraordinarily productive. Maria immersed herself deeply in Indian culture — including adopting traditional dress — and developed her educational approach for children aged 6–12 years, which she called Cosmic Education: a holistic framework connecting children to the interconnectedness of all life and knowledge.

On her 70th birthday, Maria requested that Mario be freed from internment. The request was granted, and together they went on to train more than a thousand Indian teachers during their time in the country.

 

Later Life & Enduring Legacy

A Legacy That Spans Continents and Generations

Nobel Peace Prize Nominations

Maria Montessori was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in three consecutive years — 1949, 1950, and 1951 — in recognition of her lifelong work promoting peace through education. In 1947, she addressed UNESCO on the theme Education and Peace, arguing that authentic education is the surest foundation for a peaceful world.

Maria and Mario returned to the Netherlands in 1946. Her final years were marked by continued international advocacy and recognition. Her last public engagement was the 9th International Montessori Congress in London in 1951. Maria Montessori passed away on 6 May 1952 at the age of 81 in the Netherlands, bequeathing the entirety of her life’s work to her son Mario.

The Montessori Method she founded continues to be practised in thousands of schools across more than 100 countries. In Australia, Montessori education is recognised by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) as an alternative national curriculum framework.

📖

The Montessori Method (1909)

Her foundational text, translated into over 20 languages, remains a key reference for Montessori educators worldwide.

🌍

Association Montessori Internationale

Co-founded in 1929 with Mario Montessori, the AMI continues to uphold the integrity of authentic Montessori practice globally.

🇦🇺

Montessori Education in Australia

ACARA-recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework, with Montessori Australia as the National Peak Body since 2007.

Maria Montessori’s biography is maintained by Montessori Australia, the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007. For more information about the Montessori Method, Montessori schools in Australia, and the Montessori National Curriculum recognised by ACARA, visit my.montessori.org.au.

Timeline of Dr Maria Montessori's Life

About Maria Montessori

A comprehensive chronology of the life and work of Dr Maria Montessori — physician, educator, and founder of the Montessori Method of education. From her birth in 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy, to her passing in 1952 in the Netherlands, this timeline documents the key milestones of a life devoted to children and peace.

1870

Maria Montessori is born on 31 August in Chiaravalle, Ancona province, Italy, to Alessandro Montessori, a civil servant, and Renilde Stoppani, a well-educated and progressive woman.

1875–1876

The Montessori family moves to Rome. The following year Maria is enrolled in the local state school. She later enrols in a boys’ technical school in Rome, with a science and engineering emphasis — defying the era’s expectations for girls.

1890

Against opposition from her father, Maria pursues her ambition to become a doctor. After initial rejection, she is eventually admitted to the University of Rome medical programme — reportedly with the endorsement of Pope Leo XIII.

1896 — Milestone

Becomes one of the first women to obtain a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Rome. She specialises in psychiatry and paediatrics.

Represents Italy at the International Women’s Congress in Berlin, delivering an address on the rights of working women, including equal pay for equal work. Studies the writings of French doctors Itard and Séguin, who worked with children with disabilities.

1897–1899

Audits courses in pedagogy at the University of Rome and reads all major works in educational philosophy over the previous 200 years.

In 1899, attends a women’s congress in London and is received by Queen Victoria. Begins a lectureship in hygiene and anthropology at the teacher training college for women in Rome (1899–1906).

1900

Works at the psychiatric clinic in Rome. Appointed director of the Orthophrenic School — a model institution for training teachers of children with developmental disabilities. Over two years, she experiments with sensory materials, achieving results so remarkable that some students pass the same state exams as typically developing children.

1901–1908

Begins a second degree in education, experimental psychology, and anthropology at the University of Rome. Visits elementary schools to conduct anthropological research.

From 1904–1908, lectures in anthropology and biology at the University of Rome’s school of education, incorporating clinical observations from Rome’s elementary schools. These lectures become the basis of Pedagogical Anthropology (1910).

6 January 1907 — Landmark

The First Casa dei Bambini Opens

The first Children’s House (Casa dei Bambini) opens at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome on the Feast of the Epiphany. This is the moment the Montessori Method is born. Children aged three to six, placed in a carefully prepared environment with child-sized furniture and specially designed materials, demonstrate an extraordinary capacity to educate themselves.

1908–1909

A second Children’s House on Via Solari in Milan, run by Anna Maria Maccheroni, opens in 1908.

In 1909, Maria gives the first training course in her method to approximately 100 students in Rome. In the space of a month, she writes her first book: Il Metodo della Pedagogia Scientifica applicato all’educazione infantile nelle Case dei Bambini. It will be translated into over 20 languages. The English edition is titled The Montessori Method.

1910–1911

Two parallel teacher training courses held in Rome (1910). Second book published: L’Antropologia pedagogica (Pedagogical Anthropology).

In 1911, Maria resigns her teaching post at the University of Rome and gives up her private medical practice to concentrate entirely on education. The Montessori Method is already being practised in English and Argentinean schools and is beginning to spread into Italian and Swiss primary schools. Model schools are established in Paris, New York, and Boston.

1912

The English edition of The Montessori Method is published in the United States in an edition of 5,000 copies. Within days, it sells out, reaching second place on the year’s nonfiction bestseller list.

1913

Runs the First International Training Course in Rome under the patronage of Queen Margherita. Students attend from Italy, Europe, Australia, South Africa, India, China, the Philippines, the United States, and Canada.

The Montessori Educational Association is founded in the United States, with members including Alexander Graham Bell, his wife Mabel Bell, and President Wilson’s daughter, Margaret Woodrow Wilson. Maria makes her first trip to the United States.

1914–1915

Second International Training Course in Rome (1914). Third book, Dr. Montessori’s Own Handbook, published in New York.

Second trip to the United States (1915), accompanied by her son Mario. At the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, a Montessori class works in a glass pavilion, observed by thousands of visitors. The classroom wins two gold medals.

1916

Moves to Barcelona at the invitation of the city government; Barcelona remains her home until General Franco’s coup in 1936. Fourth International Training Course held in Barcelona. A model Montessori school, a children’s chapel, and a teacher training institute are established in Barcelona with backing from the Catalan government. Fourth book published: L’autoeducazione nelle Scuole Elementari (English title: The Advanced Montessori Method).

1919–1925

Training course in London (1919) using the format that would become standard: fifty hours of lectures, fifty hours of teaching with materials, fifty hours of classroom observation. Training courses continue in London, Milan, Amsterdam, and Dublin through the early 1920s.

In 1920, lectures at Amsterdam University, outlining for the first time her ideas on secondary school education. In 1921, helps found the New Education Fellowship (today the World Education Fellowship).

In 1924, meets Benito Mussolini, resulting in official recognition and the widespread establishment of Montessori schools across Italy. In 1925, Mario Montessori takes the London training course and receives his Montessori Diploma. In 1926, Maria speaks on “Education and Peace” at the League of Nations in Geneva.

1929 — Landmark

Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Founded

The First International Montessori Congress is held in Helsingør, Denmark. Maria and her son Mario co-found the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI), initially headquartered in Berlin (moving to Amsterdam in 1935), to protect and promote the integrity of Montessori education worldwide. A Montessori teacher training centre with a model school has been built in Rome, with Maria’s direct collaboration with the architects.

1931–1932

International training courses in Rome and England (1931). Lectures at Berlin University. Mahatma Gandhi visits Montessori schools in Rome.

Second International Montessori Congress in Nice (1932). Maria delivers lecture Peace and Education, published by the International Bureau of Education, Geneva.

1933–1934

The Nazis systematically destroy the Montessori movement in Germany, closing all Montessori schools in 1933. Third International Montessori Congress held in Amsterdam.

In 1934, following conflicts with the Fascist system, all Montessori schools in Italy “cease to exist … in a single day” (Rita Kramer). Fourth International Montessori Congress held in Rome.

1936

Fifth International Montessori Congress in Oxford, England; further principles of Montessori education for Cosmic Education and secondary schools are developed.

General Franco’s coup forces Maria to flee Barcelona for England, then Amsterdam. The Netherlands becomes her home. A training centre with model school is established in Laren, near Amsterdam — where Cosmic Education materials are used for the first time. AMI headquarters moves to Amsterdam. At this time, there are over 200 Montessori schools in the Netherlands alone. The Secret of Childhood published in London.

1937–1938

Sixth International Montessori Congress in Copenhagen (1937); theme: “Educate for Peace.” Maria delivers several lectures later collected in Education and Peace.

Seventh International Montessori Congress in Edinburgh (1938). Speech at the Sorbonne in Paris, making one of her many public appeals for peace.

1939–1946 — India

Seven Years in India: The Birth of Cosmic Education

Maria departs for India with Mario to run what was to be a three-month training course at the invitation of the Theosophical Society. When Italy enters the Second World War in 1940, Mario is interned as an enemy alien and Maria is confined to the compound — though permitted to continue her work.

Mario is released in August 1940, out of the Viceroy’s respect for Maria and in honour of her 70th birthday. Together they run training courses in Madras, Kodaikanal, Karachi, Ahmedabad, and Ceylon, training thousands of teachers.

It is in India that Maria further develops the Cosmic Education Plan for the Elementary years — connecting children aged 6–12 to the interconnectedness of all life, knowledge, and history. The Child (1941) and Reconstruction in Education (1942) published in India.

1946–1948

Maria and Mario return to Europe in 1946. Training course in London; visit to Scotland. Education for a New World published in India.

In 1947, Maria and Mario establish a Montessori Centre in London. Trip to Italy: revival of the Montessori Society; Montessori establishments begin to reopen. Return visit to India to give a training course in Adyar.

In 1948, training courses in Ahmedabad, Adyar, and Poona; lectures in Bombay. The Discovery of the Child, To Educate the Human Potential, and What You Should Know about Your Child published in Madras. De l’enfant à l’adolescent published in French.

1949–1951 — Landmark

Nobel Peace Prize — Nominated Three Consecutive Years

Maria Montessori is nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1949, 1950, and 1951 in recognition of her lifelong contribution to peace through education. In 1949, The Absorbent Mind — widely regarded as her masterwork — is published in India. Also published: Formazione dell’uomo (The Formation of Man).

Eighth International Montessori Congress in San Remo, Italy (1949). Lecture tour of Norway and Sweden (1950). Speaks at the General Conference of UNESCO in Florence. International conference held in Amsterdam in honour of Maria Montessori’s 80th birthday.

Ninth International Montessori Congress in London (1951). Last training course run by Maria Montessori, held in Innsbruck, Austria.

6 May 1952

Maria Montessori Passes Away, Age 81

Maria Montessori dies peacefully in Noordwijk aan Zee, Netherlands. She is buried at the local Catholic cemetery. On her gravestone, by her own request, reads:

“I beg the dear all-powerful children to unite with me for the building of peace in Man and in the World.”

Her son Mario continued her work, leading the AMI for decades. Today, an estimated 20,000 Montessori schools operate across more than 110 countries — the enduring legacy of a life lived entirely in service of children and peace.

This timeline is maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

The First Casa dei Bambini

About Maria Montessori

On 6 January 1907, in the poverty-stricken San Lorenzo district of Rome, Dr Maria Montessori opened the first Casa dei Bambini — Children’s House. What followed was a revelation that would change education forever and give birth to the global Montessori Method.

📍 San Lorenzo, Rome, Italy

Historical photograph of the courtyard at the first Casa dei Bambini in the San Lorenzo district of Rome, 1907, where Dr Maria Montessori opened the first Montessori Children's House

The courtyard of the San Lorenzo tenement in Rome where the first Casa dei Bambini was established, 6 January 1907.

San Lorenzo, 1907

A District in the Shadows

At the turn of the twentieth century, Rome was a city in rapid development, gripped by a mania for building. Among the last plots to be filled was a tract bordered by ancient Roman walls on one side and a cemetery on the other — considered unlucky and long avoided. A building society eventually invested in the site, erecting five enormous tenement buildings. But the scheme was too vast, the society went bankrupt, and the buildings stood abandoned for years: roofless, without plumbing, open to the elements.

Over time, thousands of homeless people took shelter in these skeletal structures. Criminals, the destitute, and those hiding from authorities crowded into the ruins. The police avoided the area. No vendors would enter. The Quartiere di San Lorenzo became known across Italy as a place of shame — a district of crime, disease, and despair.

A new building society, seeing a business opportunity in the existing walls, invested in minimal renovations: whitewash, doors, windows, and basic plumbing. They selected the most settled residents — married couples — and began moving people in. Among the approximately 10,000 inhabitants, there were just fifty children.

“The Quartiere di San Lorenzo became known as the shame of Italy. People were too afraid to do anything about it; no one knew what happened within those dark walls.”

— Dr Maria Montessori

The Problem of the Children

Fifty Children, No School, No Teacher

While the building society had invested in housing, nobody had thought about the children. Left alone while their parents worked, the fifty children — aged two to six — roamed the tenement freely, causing damage and living in near-feral conditions. The director of the concern concluded that the only solution was to collect all the children in one room to keep them out of mischief.

One room was set aside. As Maria Montessori later recalled, it resembled in every way a children’s prison. There were no toys, no school, no teacher, and no resources of any kind. It was hoped that someone would be found with enough social courage to take on the challenge.

Maria, in her capacity as medical officer of hygiene, was approached. She agreed to take an interest — on the condition that basic standards of hygiene, food, and sanitation be provided. Society ladies were enlisted to raise funds. A woman of forty was found and put in charge. And so, on 6 January 1907 — the Feast of the Epiphany, the traditional day of celebration for children across Italy — the first Casa dei Bambini was inaugurated.

The Inauguration

6 January 1907 — Feast of the Epiphany

The first Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House) opens at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome. Fifty children, aged two to six — dressed alike in stiff blue drill, frightened and crying — enter the room that will change the history of education.

The Discovery

Children Taught Themselves

Maria brought to the room some of the materials she had used in experimental psychology — what we know today as sensorial materials and exercises of practical life. Her intention was simply to observe the children’s reactions. She instructed the woman in charge not to interfere with the children in any way.

What she witnessed was profound. The children, placed in a clean environment with interesting occupations that nobody interfered with, began gradually to work with deep concentration. From timid, frightened, and wild, they became sociable and communicative. Their personalities grew. They showed extraordinary understanding, vivacity, and confidence. They were happy.

Their mothers noticed the transformation at home too. The children began pointing out a spot of dirt on a dress, tidying their rooms, asking their mothers to put flowers in the windows instead of hanging washing there. The children’s influence quietly transformed the lives of the families around them.

Six months after opening, the mothers came to Maria and asked — since she had already done so much for their children, and they themselves could not, being illiterate — would she teach the children to read and write? Maria was initially reluctant, convinced the children were too young. But she gave them the alphabet in a new way, analysing each sound and matching it to its symbol. What followed is now known as the explosion into writing — a spontaneous, joyful burst of literacy that astonished the world.

What Maria Observed

🧠

Deep Concentration

Children chose their work freely and repeated activities with sustained, unbroken focus — a phenomenon Maria called normalisation.

🤝

Natural Cooperation

Without instruction, children demonstrated a natural tendency toward order, grace, and courtesy with one another and with visitors.

Spontaneous Literacy

The famous “explosion into writing” — children taught themselves to read and write through the prepared Montessori materials, astonishing educators worldwide.

The Inauguration Speech

A Vision Declared

When called upon to make a speech at the inauguration, Maria had been reading the lesson for the Feast of the Epiphany in her mass book that morning. She read the passage aloud as an omen for the work to follow — a passage from Isaiah, ending with the words: “And the Gentiles shall walk in thy light, and kings in the brightness of thy rising.”

Inspired, she told those gathered that this work they were undertaking would prove to be very important, and that some day people would come from all parts of the world to see it. The press reported her speech politely — noting what an exaggeration it had been. History proved otherwise.

Dr Maria Montessori, 1942 — Reflecting on that day

“One day I looked at them with eyes which saw them differently and I asked myself: ‘Who are you, are you the same children you were before?’ And I said within myself: ‘Perhaps you are those children of whom it was said that they would come to save humanity. If so, I shall follow you.’ Since then, I am she who tries to grasp their message and to follow them.”

— Dr Maria Montessori

35 Years Later

Maria Montessori’s Anniversary Address, 6 January 1942

On the 35th anniversary of the opening of the first Casa dei Bambini, Maria Montessori spoke to her students, reflecting on what had happened in that room in San Lorenzo. The following are her words.

“Today is the anniversary of the opening of the first House of Children. When I tell you briefly how it started, the few words of its history will seem like a fairy-tale, but their message may also prove useful.”

“Many times people ask with doubt in their minds whether the method is suitable for poor children and whether it is at all adaptable to them.”

“The children were quiet, they had no interference either from the teacher or from the parents… little by little the children began to work with concentration and the transformation they underwent was noticeable. From timid and wild as they were before, the children became sociable and communicative… Their personalities grew and, strange though it may seem, they showed extraordinary understanding, activity, vivacity and confidence. They were happy and joyous.”

“The most outstanding thing about these strange children of the St. Lawrence Quarter was their obvious gratitude… although nobody had cared for them physically, they flourished in health as if they had been secretly fed on some nourishing food. And so they had, but in their spirit.”

“What happened more than thirty years ago now will always remain a mystery to me… It is not possible that it came because of my method, for at the time my method did not yet exist. This is the clearest proof that it was a revelation that emanated from the children themselves.”

“Anyone who wants to follow my method must understand that he should not honour me but follow the child as his leader.”

— Dr Maria Montessori, 6 January 1942

The Legacy of San Lorenzo

From One Room to 20,000 Schools Worldwide

The news of what was happening at San Lorenzo spread rapidly — first across Rome, then throughout Italy, then to the world. Journalists, ministers, educators, and eventually royalty came to observe. The children received them all with natural grace and poise that nobody had taught them. The Queen of Italy herself visited the quarter that had been considered “hell’s doors” to see the children with her own eyes.

Maria Montessori was then nearly forty years old. She had a flourishing medical career and a professorship at the University of Rome before her. She left both. She felt compelled to follow the children — and to find others who could follow them too.

50 Children in 1907
20+ Languages Translated
110+ Countries Worldwide
20,000 Montessori Schools Today

The Cornerstone of the Montessori Method

“Through Dr Montessori’s observations and work with these children she discovered their astonishing, almost effortless ability to learn. Children taught themselves! This simple but profound truth formed the cornerstone of her life-long pursuit of educational reform.”

Montessori Australia — National Peak Body for Montessori Education since 2007

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Mario Montessori

About Maria Montessori

Son of Dr Maria Montessori, lifelong collaborator, and the man who carried the Montessori Method forward after his mother’s death — ensuring its integrity and expansion across the world for decades to come.

⏱ Estimated reading: 3 minutes
✎ From the writings of Marilena Henny–Montessori

Mario Montessori speaking at a podium, holding a portrait of his mother Dr Maria Montessori

Mario Montessori, speaking at a Montessori conference, holding a portrait of his mother Dr Maria Montessori.

Mario Montessori was a simple man, an innocent man. An extremely generous man, a shy man, an exuberant man. A contemplative man, but an active man. A man who loved life passionately and remained young till the day he died.

He loved the earth; what was hidden in it; what lived and grew on it. He loved the sky, the sun, the clouds, the moon and the stars. He loved the wind, the storms and the sea. He loved to fight the elements. He loved to ride, to row and to swim.

Always impeccably groomed, he liked good clothes, and as a young man sported spats and hats and fancy waistcoats. He loved giving extravagant presents — never one rose but at least sixty! He loved food; he loved to cook; he loved to drink and smoke. He loved pretty girls, music and song: there was nothing ascetic about him, though he chose to live an ascetic life.

He was a born teacher. He loved children and especially tiny babies, whom he called miracle makers, and with whom he held long conversations — conversations the newborns, staring at his lips, followed with fascination.

 

“He loved children and especially tiny babies whom he called miracle makers, and with whom he held long conversations, which the newborns, staring at his lips, followed with fascination.”

— Marilena Henny–Montessori, daughter of Mario Montessori

A Conscious and Free Choice

His Love for His Mother and Her Work

All his many loves were nothing compared to his love for his mother and her work. An all-encompassing love which dominated his whole existence. His dedication to her was a conscious and free choice — not the result of mother and son attachment. After all, he was almost fifteen years old when he first knew and lived with her — too late in life to grow a subconscious Oedipus complex. She had no place in his absorbent mind period.

He lived for her, with her, but not through her. The remarkable thing about this man, with no real scholastic or academic background, was the clarity of his total understanding of the workings of her mind. His intuitive intelligence and openness of spirit allowed him to keep abreast with her quantum leaps from the first to the nth dimension — even sometimes arriving just ahead, thus enabling her to soar even further. Nothing she deduced, developed, or stated ever surprised him.

Thanks to him, she never suffered the isolation common to genius, never became static. But he was not just a very bright sounding board for her ideas; he helped her to clarify them and give them shape, enabling her to continue developing her unique mind to the very end.

How Mario Shaped the Montessori Movement

💬

Collaborator & Clarifier

He helped Maria clarify her ideas and give them shape — presenting new ideas, not only reactions, enabling her to develop her unique vision to the end.

📋

Organiser & Educator

He organised training courses, examined students, and lectured on materials and practical life — handling all details and complications so Maria could focus on creative work.

🌐

Guardian of the Method

After Maria’s death he led the AMI for decades, fighting against all odds and intrigue to continue the work and preserve the purity of the Montessori Method.

The Pillar of Her Work

He Continued Her Fight After She Died

As the years advanced, their complicity became total. By protecting Maria from all practical details, Mario enabled her to concentrate fully on her creative work. Without him, she would have grown frustrated by the lack of understanding, retreating into spiritual isolation, unable to cope and fight alone to preserve the purity of her work.

By his understanding, his enthusiasm, and his belief in the significance of her cosmic vision for the development of mankind, he became a pillar of her work. When Maria Montessori died in 1952, it was Mario who continued her fight — against all odds, all struggles for power, all intrigues — continuing the fight for the child. The child, father of man.

Marilena Henny–Montessori — daughter of Mario Montessori

“By his understanding, his enthusiasm and belief in the significance of her cosmic vision for the development of mankind, he became a pillar of her work. He continued her fight after she died. Against all odds, all struggles for power, all intrigues, he continued the fight for the child — the child, father of man.”

Mario Montessori, my father, was an extraordinary man.

About the Author

This tribute to Mario Montessori is drawn from the writings of Marilena Henny–Montessori, daughter of Mario Montessori and granddaughter of Dr Maria Montessori. Marilena was one of the four children raised by Mario and his first wife, Helen Christy, in Barcelona and later the Netherlands.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Timeline of Dr Maria Montessori's Life

About Maria Montessori

A comprehensive chronology of the life and work of Dr Maria Montessori — physician, educator, and founder of the Montessori Method of education. From her birth in 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy, to her passing in 1952 in the Netherlands, this timeline documents the key milestones of a life devoted to children and peace.

1870

Maria Montessori is born on 31 August in Chiaravalle, Ancona province, Italy, to Alessandro Montessori, a civil servant, and Renilde Stoppani, a well-educated and progressive woman.

1875–1876

The Montessori family moves to Rome. The following year Maria is enrolled in the local state school. She later enrols in a boys’ technical school in Rome, with a science and engineering emphasis — defying the era’s expectations for girls.

1890

Against opposition from her father, Maria pursues her ambition to become a doctor. After initial rejection, she is eventually admitted to the University of Rome medical programme — reportedly with the endorsement of Pope Leo XIII.

1896 — Milestone

Becomes one of the first women to obtain a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Rome. She specialises in psychiatry and paediatrics.

Represents Italy at the International Women’s Congress in Berlin, delivering an address on the rights of working women, including equal pay for equal work. Studies the writings of French doctors Itard and Séguin, who worked with children with disabilities.

1897–1899

Audits courses in pedagogy at the University of Rome and reads all major works in educational philosophy over the previous 200 years.

In 1899, attends a women’s congress in London and is received by Queen Victoria. Begins a lectureship in hygiene and anthropology at the teacher training college for women in Rome (1899–1906).

1900

Works at the psychiatric clinic in Rome. Appointed director of the Orthophrenic School — a model institution for training teachers of children with developmental disabilities. Over two years, she experiments with sensory materials, achieving results so remarkable that some students pass the same state exams as typically developing children.

1901–1908

Begins a second degree in education, experimental psychology, and anthropology at the University of Rome. Visits elementary schools to conduct anthropological research.

From 1904–1908, lectures in anthropology and biology at the University of Rome’s school of education, incorporating clinical observations from Rome’s elementary schools. These lectures become the basis of Pedagogical Anthropology (1910).

6 January 1907 — Landmark

The First Casa dei Bambini Opens

The first Children’s House (Casa dei Bambini) opens at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome on the Feast of the Epiphany. This is the moment the Montessori Method is born. Children aged three to six, placed in a carefully prepared environment with child-sized furniture and specially designed materials, demonstrate an extraordinary capacity to educate themselves.

1908–1909

A second Children’s House on Via Solari in Milan, run by Anna Maria Maccheroni, opens in 1908.

In 1909, Maria gives the first training course in her method to approximately 100 students in Rome. In the space of a month, she writes her first book: Il Metodo della Pedagogia Scientifica applicato all’educazione infantile nelle Case dei Bambini. It will be translated into over 20 languages. The English edition is titled The Montessori Method.

1910–1911

Two parallel teacher training courses held in Rome (1910). Second book published: L’Antropologia pedagogica (Pedagogical Anthropology).

In 1911, Maria resigns her teaching post at the University of Rome and gives up her private medical practice to concentrate entirely on education. The Montessori Method is already being practised in English and Argentinean schools and is beginning to spread into Italian and Swiss primary schools. Model schools are established in Paris, New York, and Boston.

1912

The English edition of The Montessori Method is published in the United States in an edition of 5,000 copies. Within days, it sells out, reaching second place on the year’s nonfiction bestseller list.

1913

Runs the First International Training Course in Rome under the patronage of Queen Margherita. Students attend from Italy, Europe, Australia, South Africa, India, China, the Philippines, the United States, and Canada.

The Montessori Educational Association is founded in the United States, with members including Alexander Graham Bell, his wife Mabel Bell, and President Wilson’s daughter, Margaret Woodrow Wilson. Maria makes her first trip to the United States.

1914–1915

Second International Training Course in Rome (1914). Third book, Dr. Montessori’s Own Handbook, published in New York.

Second trip to the United States (1915), accompanied by her son Mario. At the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, a Montessori class works in a glass pavilion, observed by thousands of visitors. The classroom wins two gold medals.

1916

Moves to Barcelona at the invitation of the city government; Barcelona remains her home until General Franco’s coup in 1936. Fourth International Training Course held in Barcelona. A model Montessori school, a children’s chapel, and a teacher training institute are established in Barcelona with backing from the Catalan government. Fourth book published: L’autoeducazione nelle Scuole Elementari (English title: The Advanced Montessori Method).

1919–1925

Training course in London (1919) using the format that would become standard: fifty hours of lectures, fifty hours of teaching with materials, fifty hours of classroom observation. Training courses continue in London, Milan, Amsterdam, and Dublin through the early 1920s.

In 1920, lectures at Amsterdam University, outlining for the first time her ideas on secondary school education. In 1921, helps found the New Education Fellowship (today the World Education Fellowship).

In 1924, meets Benito Mussolini, resulting in official recognition and the widespread establishment of Montessori schools across Italy. In 1925, Mario Montessori takes the London training course and receives his Montessori Diploma. In 1926, Maria speaks on “Education and Peace” at the League of Nations in Geneva.

1929 — Landmark

Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Founded

The First International Montessori Congress is held in Helsingør, Denmark. Maria and her son Mario co-found the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI), initially headquartered in Berlin (moving to Amsterdam in 1935), to protect and promote the integrity of Montessori education worldwide. A Montessori teacher training centre with a model school has been built in Rome, with Maria’s direct collaboration with the architects.

1931–1932

International training courses in Rome and England (1931). Lectures at Berlin University. Mahatma Gandhi visits Montessori schools in Rome.

Second International Montessori Congress in Nice (1932). Maria delivers lecture Peace and Education, published by the International Bureau of Education, Geneva.

1933–1934

The Nazis systematically destroy the Montessori movement in Germany, closing all Montessori schools in 1933. Third International Montessori Congress held in Amsterdam.

In 1934, following conflicts with the Fascist system, all Montessori schools in Italy “cease to exist … in a single day” (Rita Kramer). Fourth International Montessori Congress held in Rome.

1936

Fifth International Montessori Congress in Oxford, England; further principles of Montessori education for Cosmic Education and secondary schools are developed.

General Franco’s coup forces Maria to flee Barcelona for England, then Amsterdam. The Netherlands becomes her home. A training centre with model school is established in Laren, near Amsterdam — where Cosmic Education materials are used for the first time. AMI headquarters moves to Amsterdam. At this time, there are over 200 Montessori schools in the Netherlands alone. The Secret of Childhood published in London.

1937–1938

Sixth International Montessori Congress in Copenhagen (1937); theme: “Educate for Peace.” Maria delivers several lectures later collected in Education and Peace.

Seventh International Montessori Congress in Edinburgh (1938). Speech at the Sorbonne in Paris, making one of her many public appeals for peace.

1939–1946 — India

Seven Years in India: The Birth of Cosmic Education

Maria departs for India with Mario to run what was to be a three-month training course at the invitation of the Theosophical Society. When Italy enters the Second World War in 1940, Mario is interned as an enemy alien and Maria is confined to the compound — though permitted to continue her work.

Mario is released in August 1940, out of the Viceroy’s respect for Maria and in honour of her 70th birthday. Together they run training courses in Madras, Kodaikanal, Karachi, Ahmedabad, and Ceylon, training thousands of teachers.

It is in India that Maria further develops the Cosmic Education Plan for the Elementary years — connecting children aged 6–12 to the interconnectedness of all life, knowledge, and history. The Child (1941) and Reconstruction in Education (1942) published in India.

1946–1948

Maria and Mario return to Europe in 1946. Training course in London; visit to Scotland. Education for a New World published in India.

In 1947, Maria and Mario establish a Montessori Centre in London. Trip to Italy: revival of the Montessori Society; Montessori establishments begin to reopen. Return visit to India to give a training course in Adyar.

In 1948, training courses in Ahmedabad, Adyar, and Poona; lectures in Bombay. The Discovery of the Child, To Educate the Human Potential, and What You Should Know about Your Child published in Madras. De l’enfant à l’adolescent published in French.

1949–1951 — Landmark

Nobel Peace Prize — Nominated Three Consecutive Years

Maria Montessori is nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1949, 1950, and 1951 in recognition of her lifelong contribution to peace through education. In 1949, The Absorbent Mind — widely regarded as her masterwork — is published in India. Also published: Formazione dell’uomo (The Formation of Man).

Eighth International Montessori Congress in San Remo, Italy (1949). Lecture tour of Norway and Sweden (1950). Speaks at the General Conference of UNESCO in Florence. International conference held in Amsterdam in honour of Maria Montessori’s 80th birthday.

Ninth International Montessori Congress in London (1951). Last training course run by Maria Montessori, held in Innsbruck, Austria.

6 May 1952

Maria Montessori Passes Away, Age 81

Maria Montessori dies peacefully in Noordwijk aan Zee, Netherlands. She is buried at the local Catholic cemetery. On her gravestone, by her own request, reads:

“I beg the dear all-powerful children to unite with me for the building of peace in Man and in the World.”

Her son Mario continued her work, leading the AMI for decades. Today, an estimated 20,000 Montessori schools operate across more than 110 countries — the enduring legacy of a life lived entirely in service of children and peace.

This timeline is maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

About My Child

Montessori For Families

Supporting your child’s full development

My Newborn

A special environment is required for a new baby. An environment which reflects the place they have come from and is a half-way house into the world. Newborns need to be in a warm, peaceful environment, which is consistent in its rhythms and routines.

Your new baby may surprise you with their strong urge to communicate. Even very young babies are able to reach their fingers out towards you. They will focus intently on your face and try to copy your mouth movements as you speak.

Their nervous system is still immature and so they will pass through very obvious behavioural states. Newborn babies sleep a lot and can become tired very easily, being barely able to stay away long enough to feed. They indicate their tiredness through jerky body movements or tensed muscles; increasingly loud vocalization and a change in interest in making eye contact. They will quickly move from quiet alertness into this more restless state which heralds their need to sleep. You can respond by providing loose wrapping and skin to skin contact.

During period of alertness your newborn will begin to take in their first impressions of the world and their senses. Newborn babies see in black and white only and enjoy looking at contrasting colours. They actually have a preference for circles. This helps them to find the nipple when its time to feed.
You might consider offering a black and white mobile for them to look at whilst they are on a movement mat on the floor.

My Infant

Birth to 5 Months

During the period from birth to 5 months, your baby will be learning how to use their hands, their limbs and their body in a co-ordinated and purposeful way.

Communication

  • Your baby is fascinated by the sound of and emotion in your voice and your facial expressions. Your baby will love to hear you talking and singing. You can talk about what you are doing as you do it, when you are changing their nappy. You can talk about your plans for the day, or the things you can see in the room. Your baby enjoys listening to you and watching your mouth move as your speak.
  • When your baby watches your mouth move, their mouth will move too. Avoiding the use of a dummy will allow your baby to make these mouth movements and to practice making sounds.
  • Keeping background noise down (e.g. the television or music) will mean that your baby can tune into your language.
  • It is never too young to read to your baby. Very young babies enjoy colourful picture books with one or two words on each page.

Movement

  • Young babies need lots of opportunity for free movement. Your baby will learn how to coordinate their movement and become stronger in their limbs if they have lots of practice time.
  • A safe and comfortable space on the floor on a mat will provide your baby with room to move. A large mirror lying sideways alongside the mat will give your baby an opportunity to watch their whole body move. Mirrors are also great for social interaction! It will be a whie until your baby realises that they are the baby in the mirror.
  • Young babies seem to prefer lying on their backs, but time on the tummy everyday is important too. If your baby is comfortable on their tummy, you could lie down with them until they are happy in that position.
  • Allowing your baby to practice new movements at their own pace will ensure that they build up the necessary muscle strength. Encouraging your baby to sit or stand before they are able to achieve these movements spontaneously could push them before their bodies are strong enough.
  • When your baby is moving, have look at their clothing to make sure that it is not in their way. Loose or tight clothing can hold your baby up!

We have lots of ideas to promote your baby’s movement in our online shop.

Love

  • When your baby feels safe and loved by you and others in their life, this feeds their healthy brain development.
  • Feeling loved and accepted supports a baby’s healthy emotional and social development.
  • You can show your love for your baby by responding when your baby cries, handling their body gently when you change their nappy and making eye contact as often as possible.

6 to 12 Months


The period from 6 to 12 months, is an exciting time for your baby’s development. This period can see babies developing from lying on their tummies or backs, to ‘cruising’ around on two feet supported by the furniture. They might even be walking!

Communication

  • Your baby is still very interested in listening to the sounds of and emotion in your voice and loves to watch your facial expressions. Singing and talking to your baby is how your baby will learn how to speak. Special brain cells enable young children to absorb language simply by listening. The more your baby is surrounded by language, the more they will learn. You can tell your baby about what you are doing, when you change their nappy, or about what will come next in the day. You can name things in your baby’s environment to provide even more language. Your baby enjoys listening to you and watching your mouth move as you speak.
  • When your baby watches your mouth move, their mouth will move too. Avoiding the use of a dummy will allow your baby to make these mouth movements and to practice making sounds.
  • Keeping background noise down (e.g. the television or music) will mean that your baby can tune into your language.
  • It is never too young to read to your baby. Very young babies enjoy colourful picture books with one or two words on each page. Your baby will be able to grasp a board or cloth book now and look through it with you, or by themselves.

Movement


From 6 months onwards, it is all go!  Your baby will reach each milestone in their own time. The developmental continuum looks like this.

  • Young babies need lots of opportunity for free movement. Your baby will learn how to coordinate their movement and become stronger in their limbs if they have lots of practice time.
  • A safe and comfortable space on the floor on a play mat will provide your baby with room to move. A large mirror lying sideways alongside the mat will give your baby an opportunity to watch their whole body move. Mirrors are also great for social interaction!
  • Your baby is hardwired to achieve their movement milestones, Allowing your baby to practice new movements at their own pace will ensure that they build up the necessary muscle strength. Encouraging your baby to sit or stand before they are able to achieve these movements spontaneously could push them before their bodies are strong enough.
  • Everything looks pretty different once you’re sitting up! Your baby will need lots of opportunity to practice co-ordinating their eye-hand movements from each new perspective. The more practice they have, the stronger the pathway in their brain will become.
  • When your baby is moving, have look at their clothing to make sure that it is not in their way. Loose or tight clothing can hold your baby up! The same is true for objects in their environment. Once your baby is crawling, their play mat might start to get in their way.

Love and connection


Babies and young children need secure and loving relationships, which enable them to moderate their stress levels. These significant relationships can include the mother and father, other family members and also caregivers such as childcare workers. When your baby feels loved, this feeds their healthy brain development.

  • Feeling loved and accepted supports your baby’s emotional and social growth and development.
  • Babies and young children receive their information about how to behave in social situations by watching the adults in their lives. You are their role model.

My Toddler

12 months to 2 years


This period in your child’s development heralds a major change in your lived experience as a parent. Your child is beginning to use language to communicate with you and their ability to move, anywhere, is changing by the day. Your child’s movement and language acquisition patterns will complement one another. Whilst your child is busy developing their language skills, their development of new ‘moves’ will plateau. Then once they have made the language acquisition they were working on, their movement will take off again.

Communication

  • 1 word by 1-year-old is the general rule of thumb with children’s language development.
  • You are your child’s greatest resource when it comes to language and communication. Your child will watch your mouth avidly when you speak, they are taking in the way in which your lips move in order to form the words. If you are trying to show your child something by demonstrating with your hands, be sure not to speak as they will watch your mouth instead!
  • Naming things in your child’s environment will provide them with a rich source of language.
  • Your baby will enjoy spending time reading books, with you and on their own. Books with 1 or 2 words to a page and simple stories will be most engaging.

Movement


Some children learn to walk before their first birthday and others take until 16 months or longer. Your baby will reach each milestone in their own time. The developmental continuum looks like this.

  • New walkers benefit from going barefoot. It provides them with greater sensory feedback and makes it easier to learn how to walk.
  • New walkers tend to fall over. Your child will need a environment which is safe to learn and practice walking in.
  • Young children love learning how to walk up and down stairs, climb hills and run. Safe outdoor spaces will help with this
  • Games such as ‘Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes’ will help your child develop body awareness.
  • Even if you provide a safe place for your child to practice refining their walking skills, they will probably still fall over. Learning how to fall without injury is a skill and your child will need practice to learn how to catch themselves.

Love and connection

  • Young children need secure and loving relationships, which enable them to moderate their stress levels. These significant relationships can include the mother and father, other family members and also caregivers such as childcare workers. When your child feels loved, this feeds their healthy brain development.
  • Feeling loved and accepted supports your child’s emotional and social growth and development.
  • Young children receive their information about how to behave in social situations by watching the adults in their lives. You are their role model.
  • This is a great time to begin teaching your child about emotions. The simplest way to do this is to connect with your child when they are emotional by acknowledging their feelings verbally and non-verbally (hugs)  e.g. ‘You’re feeling sad, aren’t you?’ This lets your child know that you have understood and it names the feeling for them. It is important to your child that their feelings are acknowledged and that you are there to provide comfort.
  • It can also be helpful to let them know that although they are feeling sad now, later on they will feel better. This is the beginning of lessons around differentiating between their feelings and their sense of self, or ‘I feel’ and ‘I am’.

Discipline

  • The word ‘discipline’ really means ‘to teach’, rather than ‘to punish’. When we think about disciplining a young child, we can think about using challenging behaviours and times of conflict as opportunities to help our child to learn and build new skills.
  • Very young children have limited capacity for self-discipline. They need support from us to learn what is appropriate and how to regulate their behaviour.
  • When ‘correcting’ your toddler’s behaviour try to connect first and then redirect them. For example, if your child bites another child, you could connect with them first, ‘You’re frustrated aren’t you?” Then once your child has more control and is able to listen, you could provide the key message you wish to convey and set the boundary, ‘Biting hurts, Be gentle.’ Then you can redirect by moving them on to something else, ‘Let’s go and look at the fish in the pond.’

2 to 3 Years


Your child’s third year is a time of critical brain development. Their continued exploration of and experience in the world enables them to build a strong sense of their own capacities. For the majority of children the major movement milestones have been achieved and they have begun to use language to communicate. Though your child will continue to refine their abilities in both of these areas, now is the time to focus upon their growing ability to do more for themselves.
Communication

  • You are your child’s greatest resource when it comes to language and communication. Your child will absorb your version of language, which makes you a role model! If you say, ‘Please’ and ‘Thank you’, your child will absorb this and copy.
  • Naming things in your child’s environment will provide them with a rich source of language.
  • Reading to your child regularly will enable them to build a love of books and stories. Your child will develop some favourites which you will probably come to know by heart! You can discuss what is happening in the story as it unfolds. This helps your child build comprehension skills.
  • 3 word sentences by age 3 is considered normal language development.
  • Your child might start to show interest in using pencils to draw and write familiar letters or ‘sounds’. Writing requires significant fine motor control. Having opportunities to refine their fine and gross motor movements will support your child’s ability to control a pencil

Movement

  • Even though your child is walking, they will still need lots of opportunity to refine this skill and build up strength.
  • Your child will enjoy running, jumping, hopping, climbing, pushing, pulling, balancing and carrying.
  • The brains of young children are designed to enable them to learn how to perform tasks simply by watching others. Your child will be particularly interested in imitating the activities they regularly see you involved in around the home.
  • There is a strong connection between movement and learning. Young children are not made to sit in a chair for long periods of time. Movement supports their developing brain.
  • Current research suggests that children under 3 years old should have screen time limited to 1 hour per day.

Emotional and Social Development

  • Getting enough sleep is important for your child’s healthy brain development. Some children will have stopped sleeping during the day at this point and others will not. Planning a quiet time during the day will support your child to process all the experiences they have had during the day and to wind down.
  • Your child will be ready for social experiences with children they own age. This will give them the opportunity to practice their social skills.
  • This is a great time to begin teaching your child about emotions. The simplest way to do this is to connect with your child when they are emotional by acknowledging their feelings verbally and non-verbally (hugs)  e.g. ‘You’re feeling sad, aren’t you?’ This lets your child know that you have understood and it names the feeling for them. It is important to your child that their feelings are acknowledged and that you are there to provide comfort.
  • Children at this stage of development benefit from being encouraged to tell the story about what is upsetting them. This helps them to make sense of their experience and feel more in control. Begin by acknowledging the feeling first, ‘You look so sad. That really hurt, didn’t it?’ Then depending upon your child’s language ability, you may need to tell the story initially and encourage them to join in / take over. You could dramatise it, adding humour when appropriate. Your child might need to go over their story a number of times. This can be frustrating from an adult perspective, but storytelling produces understanding, healing and integration
  • It can also be helpful to let them know that although they are feeling sad now, later on they will feel better. This is the beginning of lessons around differentiating between their feelings and their sense of self, or ‘I feel’ and ‘I am’.

Discipline

  • Very young children have limited capacity for self-discipline. They need support from us to learn what is appropriate and how to regulate their behaviour.
  • When ‘correcting’ your toddler’s behaviour try to connect first and then redirect them. For example, if your child bites another child, you could connect with them first, ‘You’re frustrated aren’t you?” Then once your child has more control and is able to listen, you could provide the key message you wish to convey and set the boundary, ‘Biting hurts, Be gentle.’ Then you can redirect by moving them on to something else, ‘Let’s go and look at the fish in the pond.’

My Three - Six Years Child

By the time your child is three they will have some level of functional independence, good control over their body’s movements and have complete oral language. That’s a lot to have achieved in just three years! Yet it happened without effort because of the unique quality of the young child’s mind. Your three year old is still very much sensorial explorer. They use their senses to absorb every aspect of the environment, their language and culture, in the process constructing their own intellects. In Montessori we call this the phenomenon the ‘absorbent mind’.

Throughout this time of development your child will also experience periods during which they display heightened sensitivity to, or interest in, particular aspects of the environment. These periods, named sensitive periods by Montessori educators, represent windows of opportunity during which children’s intense interest, enables them to learn the corresponding knowledge and skill with ease and enjoyment. These periods occur universally for all children at approximately the same age. If you observe child closely you might see signs of these sensitive periods.

My Six - Twelve Years Child

Your six to twelve-year-old child has reached a new stage of development. They have moved out of early childhood and into a period characterised by physical stability and steady growth. They will have increased stamina and will undoubtably be healthier, more adventurous and daring. They may also experience an increased capacity for sustained intellectual work. Children in of this age are more receptive to intellectual learning than at any other time in their lives.

Your child’s mind is also changing as it loses ability to absorb the environment unconsciously. Instead you will find that your child begins to use reason and logic to learn about their world consciously. Typical questions asked by children of this age include why, how and when. This is a time when children are developing great intellectual power.

Children in these primary school years are far more social, they gravitate to others with increased enthusiasm. They wish to broaden their horizons beyond the confines of the family and into the wider society, most specifically into a new level of social life with their peers. They exhibit a great loyalty to their peer group and the evaluation of the group becomes paramount. During this time, children are
beginning the process of becoming independent from the family, a step they must take if they are eventually to make mature attachments beyond the family.

Your primary school aged child will probably be intrigued by the unusual and the extraordinary. They may look up to those they perceive to be heroes. These potential role models inspire children to stretch themselves and better themselves in some way. At the same time your child may be working on the development of their moral compass, their internal ability to tell right from wrong. They will want to be able to work this out for themselves.

My Teenager

The adolescent years from 12 to 18 are the child’s journey to adulthood. They are no longer a child, but not yet an adult.

The rapid physical growth of adolescence also echoes the rapid physical growth of the first six years of your child’s life, but this time physical growth is accompanied by the intense hormonal activity that ushers in sexual maturity. The energy the adolescence needs during periods of rapid physical growth can sometimes diminish the energy the adolescent has available to concentrate on their academic work.

Similarly, to early childhood, the adolescent brain undergoes significant re-organisation, as the child transforms into an adult. At the onset of adolescence young people are ready to take further steps away from their families and towards adult independence in society. They also become idealistic and peer-oriented. They can find it difficult to concentrate on structured academic learning but love to interact conversationally and collaboratively with other adolescents in the context of projects and issues that are important to them; they feel supported and nurtured in a cooperative community of peers.

During this odyssey, young people become humanistic explorers seeking to understand their place in society, and to contribute to society.  Personal dignity, social justice and belonging are key drivers.  The adolescents are asking of themselves, who am I and who am I in this world? 

Your teenager may have a huge capacity for creative expression, and their style of learning may become more practical and experiential, an approach they use to explore previously introduced concepts in more depth and in real-life contexts.

Membership (Provider)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: PROVIDER MEMBERSHIP

Montessori Schools, Centres and Programmes member benefits include: 

PROFILE

  • A promoted profile on the number one Montessori website in the country. Members are highlighted in the Directory of schools and centres, with a dedicated website page for higher-profile marketing opportunities – our site is No.1 on Google when searching for Montessori.

PROMOTIONS

  • Free Job advertisement listings on our website and Facebook page – our site is No.1 on Google for Montessori jobs!
  • Free Open Day listings on our website
  • Member logo to add to your website and marketing material
  • Member poster to display

PUBLICATIONS 

DISCOUNTS 

CURRICULUM SUPPORT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES

Memberships are for a 12 month period

MEMBERSHIP FEES

Montessori Schools $700 

Montessori Centres $700 

Additional Centres (owned by the same provider) $100

Montessori in Public Schools $700

Montessori Start-ups $500 (discount for those starting a new school/centre or converting a school/centre) – please email us via info@montessori.org.au for an invoice

Home-based care and schooling (10 children or less) $100 – please email us via info@montessori.org.au for an invoice

Pricing excluding GST.

Use the Add to Cart buttons to join now and pay online

Invoice requests to info@montessori.org.au

Vision and Mission

Vision

A strong and unified Montessori community that is a transformational agent for a peaceful world.

Mission

To build on the past and improve the future by strengthening the Montessori education system as a transformative instrument throughout Australasia and engaging the Montessori community to protect, develop and grow capacity as educators and caregivers.

Our Goals

  • Commit to best practice governance and leadership. 
  • Engage with the Montessori community stakeholders with inclusive, safe, and respectful relationships. 
  • Advance and develop Montessori pedagogy with an educational reform process for Australia. 
  • Drive Montessori provider growth in all sectors, inspiring a passion for authentic practice and supporting greater access to Montessori principles. 

 

Montessori Australia works to support the natural development of the human being from birth, early childhood through to maturity. Montessori works to enable children to become the transforming elements of society leading to a harmonious and peaceful world.

Open Days



Montessori Open Days

Montessori Open Day

Nexus Early Learning Parent Information Day

📅 Saturday, May 10th, 2025 | 10:30am – 12:00pm

  • 10:30am – Montessori Approach
  • 11:15am – Kindergarten Funding
  • 11:30am – Development Milestones by Elyce
  • Learn about childhood education at Nexus

All Welcome!

📍 165-167 Southern Road, Heidelberg West VIC 3081

📞 0397389090 / 0402196692

✉️ heidelberg@nexusel.com

🌐
Book Now!

The Athena School Open Day

📅 Wednesday 28 May 2025 | ⏰ 10.00am – 12.00noon

  • Tours
  • Info Packs
  • Refreshments
  • Entertainment

All Welcome!

📍 28 Oxford Street, Newtown NSW 2042

📞 02 9557 0022

✉️ enquiries@athena.nsw.edu.au

🌐 www.athena.nsw.edu.au

Echoes Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 85 Smart Rd, Modbury SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Little Oxford Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 18 Trimmer Tce, Unley SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Rosemont House Montessori Open Day

📅 Saturday 24 May 2024 | 11.00am – 1.00pm

  • Tour our learning environments
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Learn about the Montessori approach
  • Refreshments provided

All Welcome!

📍 59 Kensington Rd, Norwood SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Jescott Montessori Open House

📅 Tuesday 27 & Thursday 29 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am

  • Observe Montessori in action
  • See children engaged in learning
  • Meet our dedicated educators
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 6 Lorne Avenue, Magill SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Lilliput Village Montessori Open House

📅 Tuesday 27 & Thursday 29 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am

  • Observe Montessori in action
  • See children engaged in learning
  • Meet our dedicated educators
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 193 Portrush Rd, Maylands SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Cedars Montessori Preschool Open Week

📅 Monday 26 to Friday 30 May 2024 | 9.30am – 11.00am daily

  • Visit on any morning of the week
  • Observe Montessori in action
  • Meet our teaching team
  • Information packs available

All Welcome!

📍 52 Oxford Tce, Unley SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Chancery Lane Montessori Personal Tours

📅 Available at your convenience | By appointment

  • Personal guided tour
  • One-on-one with our educators
  • Customized to your questions
  • Information packs provided

By Appointment!

📍 21 Chancery Lane, Adelaide CBD SA

🌐
www.samontessori.com.au/openday

Frontline Team

Frontline Team - Montessori Australia Group (MAG)

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For Professionals

Montessori Professionals

Committed to your professional growth

Job Openings

Montessori Training


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Montessori Teacher Training in Australia

Begin your journey as a Montessori educator with nationally recognized training programmes

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child's stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals. A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori Teacher Training Centres in Australia

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited
Providing quality Montessori training courses accredited by MACTE (Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education), the world accrediting body for Montessori Teacher Training Organisations. Visit AMTI website

MECTA (Montessori Early Childhood Training Australia)

ASQA Accredited
Offering the Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority) with flexible learning options. Visit MECTA website

Montessori Institute

Nationally Accredited
The only Montessori training institution in Australia offering teacher and educator courses nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA for early childhood and primary education. Visit Montessori Institute website

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

AMI Accredited
The only AMI (Association Montessori Internationale) training centre in Australia, offering the internationally recognized AMI Montessori Diploma across all age levels (0-18 years). Visit SMTC website

The AMI Montessori Diploma

One of the most highly regarded Montessori training qualifications is the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori Diploma, which is internationally recognized for its high standard and authenticity. AMI was founded in 1929 by Dr Maria Montessori, and is a global community that continues today to protect the integrity of her work and accredits training centres throughout the world. The Sydney Montessori Training Centre is the only AMI training centre in Australia.

Nationally Accredited Qualifications

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognized qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. MECTA's Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority).

Adolescent Programme Training

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level (12-18 years) in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent courses offered internationally.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher's circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction course in Montessori education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators.

Becoming a Montessori Educator

Montessori programmes cater for children from birth to eighteen years of age and may be delivered in Montessori early childhood or school settings.  In most cases, educators will have qualifications for working with children (early childhood 3-6 years of age, primary 6-12 years of age, or secondary 12-18 years of age) as well as specialised Montessori training. 

Watch a video: Why become a Montessori teacher? 

Online Training Courses

Online introductory Montessori training courses are available through Montessori Training Australia, with courses that promote best practice in Montessori education. Utilising a flexible online platform, packages allow users to customise their learning experience to suit their individual needs. Content is both engaging and informative and delivered through high quality audio-visual resources, interactive learning activities and thought-provoking discussions.

The online courses are suitable for educators, assistant staff, administrators, Board/Committee members, parents and anyone wishing to know more about Montessori principles and practice.  

Read more about these courses here.

Note that these online courses are introductory courses only, not full Montessori teacher training Diploma courses, and are not ACECQA registered.

Montessori Qualifications

Visit our Training Centre page for details on the Montessori training centres in Australia including:

Early Childhood Educator Qualifications

The National Quality Framework (NQF) sets out minimum qualification requirements for educators working in early childhood education and care services.  The NQF is administered through the Australian Children’s Education & Care Quality Authority (ACECQA).  The ACECQA website provides information on the approved early childhood qualifications and for assessment of existing and overseas qualifications.  

There are three main levels of educators, which apply to centre-based and family day care services from birth to preschool age:

  • Certificate III Level Educator
  • Diploma Level Educator
  • Early Childhood Teacher (ECT)

Refer to the ACECQA Qualifications List on their website for details on what Montessori courses are approved. 

Overseas Qualification Holders

Holders of overseas early childhood or Montessori qualifications may not be approved to work in early childhood in Australia. Your qualifications must be assessed individually by ACECQA as no overseas Montessori qualifications are accredited in Australia.  Please refer to the ACECQA website for details.  Unfortunately, most overseas Montessori qualifications will not be recognised by ACECQA, so you may need to undertake Australian early childhood qualifications.  

Primary and Secondary Educator Qualifications 

Montessori educators teaching primary aged children should have relevant Montessori primary training, as well as a teaching degree and teacher registration in the state/territory that they intend to teach.  Each state/territory in Australia has a regulatory body, which mandates these teaching qualifications.  In general, the qualification will be a four year tertiary study such as a Bachelor of Education (Montessori training qualifications are not assessed as part of their teaching qualfications).  Find your local regulatory authority here.

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level in the country.  Courses at this age level are listed on the AMI website.

Find out more by reading the PDF document: Which Training Program is right for you?

Job Openings

A listing of Montessori job opportunities is found on our website here.

Training Centres


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Montessori Teacher Training in Australia

Begin your journey as a Montessori educator with nationally recognized training programmes

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child’s stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals. A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori Teacher Training Centres in Australia

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited
Providing quality Montessori training courses accredited by MACTE (Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education), the world accrediting body for Montessori Teacher Training Organisations. Visit AMTI website

MECTA (Montessori Early Childhood Training Australia)

ASQA Accredited
Offering the Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority) with flexible learning options. Visit MECTA website

Montessori Institute

Nationally Accredited
The only Montessori training institution in Australia offering teacher and educator courses nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA for early childhood and primary education. Visit Montessori Institute website

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

AMI Accredited
The only AMI (Association Montessori Internationale) training centre in Australia, offering the internationally recognized AMI Montessori Diploma across all age levels (0-18 years). Visit SMTC website

The AMI Montessori Diploma

One of the most highly regarded Montessori training qualifications is the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori Diploma, which is internationally recognized for its high standard and authenticity. AMI was founded in 1929 by Dr Maria Montessori, and is a global community that continues today to protect the integrity of her work and accredits training centres throughout the world. The Sydney Montessori Training Centre is the only AMI training centre in Australia.

Nationally Accredited Qualifications

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognized qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. MECTA’s Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority).

Adolescent Programme Training

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level (12-18 years) in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent courses offered internationally.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher’s circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction course in Montessori education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators.

Montessori Training Australia

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia 

Australian Montessori Training Institute

Montessori educators, whether they be a Montessori teacher, a Montessori assistant or a parent, work to support the child in his or her process of self-development. “To aid life…that is the basic task of the educator.” Dr Maria Montessori, The Absorbent Mind

The Australia Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) is committed to providing quality Montessori training courses to the Montessori community, and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori Method. Every consideration is given to ensure flexible training options to best meet the growing demand for Montessori early childhood educators.

From high-quality online learning, to flexible classroom face-to-face courses, AMTI training is available when you need it.

Whether you’re an educator or parent, Montessori study offers valuable insight into discovering and supporting the natural development of the child. AMTI can introduce and help you to implement a Montessori approach in your home, childcare centre, preschool, or school.

AMTI’s Professional, Personal and Practical training packages are:

1. Affordable: Our courses are competitively priced including support for mentoring and finding internship work.

2. Flexible: Start any week when you are ready with your choice of study for supporting children in the age groupings of 0-3, 2.5-6, and 6-12.

3. Accessible – weekly face-to-face or Zoom meetings with your trainer and weekly lessons emailed directly to you.

Online Videos of almost every lesson available for unlimited reviews: Click here to view a sample of an online training video.

Contact info@amti.org.au for more information about AMTI courses.

Courses are also available in Chinese from our China Office in Yiwu, Hangzhou Sage Education, visit here for more information. 

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA) is a Training College focussing on Early Childhood Education.

The Training College offers a unique classroom learning experience, providing students with nationally recognised qualifications including a Diploma in Early Education and Care, Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, and Certificate III in Early Education and Care.

MECTA has fully qualified experienced trainers who are hand-picked for their unique ability to understand all types of learning, so each student can effectively strive and learn their own way.

Their Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is Nationally Recognised and provides a comprehensive and detailed study of the theory and skills involved in the delivery of a Montessori education program for children aged 0-6 years.

MECTA also delivers Montessori short courses, workshops, and parent development courses.

Based in Forest Lake Queensland, their stand-alone purpose-built Training College is fully fitted out with a classroom set up and a student’s lounge for separate studying.

Contact MECTA

Website: https://mecta.edu.au
Email: admin@mecta.edu.au
Phone: (07) 3073 5000

Montessori Institute

As the largest Montessori training organisation in Australia, the Montessori Institute offers flexible, nationally recognised, Early Childhood and Primary teacher registration qualifications, alongside Diploma and Certificate level qualifications. They also provide professional development and education for schools, childcare centres and the wider community, with which they we have built strong relationships over forty years. Their ACECQA (early childhood regulator) and AITSL (teacher registration regulator) accredited courses are delivered via a blend of external, online study and intensive face to face workshops, Australia wide.

Incorporated in 1983, the Montessori Institute is a not-for-profit organisation and an accredited Higher Education Provider with the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Authority (TEQSA). They have dedicated their work to develop and present world class Montessori courses and workshops, to both students and non-students.

Graduate Diploma of Education (Montessori) 3-6 years or 6-12 years focus. Recognised nationally as a teaching qualification, this course enables students to become registered teachers in their State. It is AITSL and ACECQA listed.

Diploma of Early Childhood and Primary Education (Montessori) 0-3, 3-6 or 6-12 years focus. This course enables registered teachers to gain Montessori curriculum knowledge for their classroom. It is ACECQA listed as an Early Childhood qualification (0-3 and 3-6 focus). The Diploma also qualifies non registered teachers to work as education assistants in schools or as room leaders/supervisors in a child care centre.

Certificate in Montessori Studies 0-5 or 3-6. Ideal for students who already hold a Certificate III or Diploma level qualification, but want to obtain Montessori curriculum knowledge for use in child care centres.

Diploma of Montessori Leadership and Practice. Ideal for principals or Montessori centre managers who wish to gain an understanding of Montessori theory, philosophy and curriculum.

Visit their website www.mwei.edu.au for further details.

Resources

PDF icon Graduate Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Certificate Brochure

PDF icon Leadership Brochure

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

Sydney Montessori Training Centre (SMTC) is a national organisation committed to providing quality training to the Montessori community and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori method. 

SMTC is authorised to deliver Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori courses. AMI was established by Maria Montessori and affiliates training centres around the world. AMI courses are recognised internationally for their authenticity and quality.

SMTC offer AMI training courses in the following:

  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 0-3 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori Foundation Course
  • AMI Montessori Adolescent Training

Click here to visit their website for further details.

Professional Learning

Montessori Australia event programme is designed to meet the needs of all Montessorians, whether they are involved in supporting the development of the child and the care of our elders. We offer a range of events for Montessori educators, carers and parents, as well as Montessori school principals, business managers and administrators, and Montessori centre owners, managers and operators. Our events programme reflects the annual feedback and suggestions we receive from our community and incorporates an impressive range of topics and presenters.  

Visit our events page here.

For those new to Montessori and needing an immeditate introduction to Montessori early childhood education, Montessori Training Australia offers online training courses.

Research

Montessori Australia recognises and is committed to the role of research in promoting greater awareness, acceptance and understanding of the Montessori Method within the Australian community. We recognise that education requires a strong evidence base, and we are committed to working towards building a complete research framework. By establishing a comprehensive research framework, Montessori Australia will be able to share the evidence-based value of the Montessori Method for families, educators, leaders, legislators and researchers.This research framework incorporates, but is not limited to:

  • The encouragement of Australian research and its publication
  • Facilitating a network for research, including links to international Montessori research 
  • The collection of historical data and links with the broader field of education
  • Inclusive education
  • Montessori materials
  • Montessori principles 
  • Research partnerships and opportunities
  • Teacher education & career development
  • Supporting innovation

Current Research

Research activities exist across a number of key areas, by both Montessorians and independent academic researchers.  

The following list indicates some of the research areas within the Montessori and broader context, recently or currently being pursued:

  • Montessori and Indigenous communities
  • Reflective practice
  • Leadership and governance 
  • Strategic investigations for the future development of the Montessori movement in Australia
  • Studies relating to Montessori principles and practices and links to ELYF
  • Research relating to Montessori materials 
  • Research projects with universities, particularly with UNSW
  • Research work to develop Montessori teacher training and career development

Current Research Opportunities

Montessori Australia supports the following research opportunities. Contact Alex Ioannou on alex@montessori.org.au for enquiries.

Responsive and inclusive education in diverse schools (VIC primary or secondary teachers)

Monash University is delighted to invite Victorian primary or secondary teachers to participate in a ground-breaking survey about responsive and inclusive education in diverse schools. As a teacher who is committed to creating an inclusive and welcoming learning environment, your valuable insights and experiences are critical to our research.

The survey aims to identify what you value and can do in order to create an inclusive learning environment that promotes equity and social justice. The results of this survey will help inform educational policies, teacher professional education, and practices that support diverse students and promote their academic success and well-being.

The survey is available here: https://monash.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_7VQq2851qaMik2W

Your participation in this survey is completely voluntary and all responses will be kept confidential. The survey will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Your responses will be invaluable in advancing our understanding of responsive and inclusive education.

Evidence-based Education

The Montessori program is not only a unique philosophy offering parents an alternative to the traditional schooling system. The Montessori Method has been demonstrated to improve education outcomes for children in multiple different settings and variables.

Australian

The introduction of Montessori teaching and learning practices in an early childhood classroom in a remote Indigenous school

Holmes, C. (2016) Master by Dissertation, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle. 

Montessori education in the Ngaanyatjarra Lands

Holmes, C. (2018) Journal of Montessori Research, 4(2), 33-60. 

The Montessori method, Aboriginal students and Linnaean zoology taxonomy teaching: three-staged lesson

Rioux J, Ewing B, & Cooper TJ. (2019). The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education. 1–11. 

Convergence and Divergence of Ethnomathematics (D’Ambrosio) and Mathematics (Montessori): An Ethnomathematics Program

Rioux, J. (2021). E-article. Montessori Australia. Issue 4 November. 

Montessori Educators and the Australian Early Years Learning Framework in Montessori Early Childhood Environments in Western Australia: A qualitative study

Stevens, R. (2020).  (Master by Research, University of Western Australia) 

International

An Intervention Study: Removing Supplemented Materials from Montessori Classrooms Associated with Better Child Outcomes

Montessori classrooms vary a good deal in implementation, and one way in which implementation differs is the provision of materials.  Specifically, some classrooms use only Montessori materials, whereas others supplement the Montessori materials with commercially available materials like puzzles and games.  A prior study suggested this might be a reason for observed differences across studies and classrooms (Author, 2012) but an intervention study is the best test.  The present study presents such an intervention with 52 children in 3 Montessori classrooms with Supplementary materials. All children were given 6 pretests, and non-Montessori materials were removed from 2 of the classrooms.  Four months later, children were retested to see how much they changed across that period.  Children in the classrooms from which the non-Montessori materials were removed advanced significantly more in early reading and executive function, and to some degree advanced more in early math.  There were no differences across the classroom types in amount of change on the tests of vocabulary, social knowledge, or social skills.

Lillard, A. S., & Heise, M. J. (2016). An Intervention Study: Removing Supplemented Materials from Montessori Classrooms Associated with Better Child Outcomes. Journal of Montessori Research, 2(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.17161/jomr.v2i1.5678

Montessori preschool elevates and equalizes child outcomes – Angeline S. Lillard, Megan J. Heise, Eve M. Richey, Xin Tong, Alyssa Hart and Paige M. Bray (Frontiers in Psychology, 2017)

A longitudinal study that took advantage of randomized lottery-based admission to two public Montessori magnet schools in a high-poverty American city. The final sample included 141 children, 70 in Montessori and 71 in other schools, most of whom were tested 4 times over 3 years, from the first semester to the end of preschool (ages 3 to 6), on a variety of cognitive and socio-emotional measures.

Montessori preschool elevated children’s outcomes in several ways. Although not different at the first test point, over time the Montessori children fared better on measures of academic achievement, social understanding, and mastery orientation, and they also reported relatively more liking of scholastic tasks. They also scored higher on executive function when they were 4.

In addition to elevating overall performance on these measures, Montessori preschool also equalised outcomes among subgroups that typically have unequal outcomes. First, the difference in academic achievement between lower income Montessori and higher income conventionally schooled children was smaller at each time point, and was not (statistically speaking) significantly different at the end of the study. Second, defying the typical finding that executive function predicts academic achievement, in Montessori classrooms children with lower executive function scored as well on academic achievement as those with higher executive function. 

Lillard, A. & Else-Quest, N. (2006) – Evaluating Montessori Education (Science 313)

This study compared outcomes of 59 children at a Milwaukee, Wisconsin public inner city Montessori school with 53 children who attended traditional schools in the same area. The results indicated that Montessori education leads to children with better social and academic skills. It was published by Angeline Lillard and Nicole Else-Quest in the Sept. 29 2006 issues of the journal Science.

The following summary was reported in The Times (London) September 29, 2006 and is an extract from an article by Alexandra Frean.

  • Pupils who learn at their own pace in Montessori schools may have an advantage over those in traditional classrooms
  • By the age of five, children at Montessori schools are better at basic word recognition and mathematics and are more likely to play co-operatively with other children. By the age of 12, they are more creative and better able to resolve social problems
  • Academically, they end up in the same place or better as non-Montessori children, but they are much better at getting on in a community.
  • Among the five year olds, Montessori students not only performed significantly better in maths and English, but were also better able to see the world through others’ eyes and performed better on “executive function”, which is the ability to adapt to change and approaching complex problems.
  • By the age of twelve, the difference in academic scores between the two groups was less pronounced. The Montessori children, however, wrote more creative essays, selected more positive responses to social dilemmas and reported a more positive sense of community at their school.
    Science Vol 3131 29 September 2006
    http://www.montessori-science.org/science_journal_article.htm

Chisnall, N. & Maher, M. (2007) – Montessori Mathematics in Early Childhood Education

The research project examined mathematical concept development in children prior to school entry and indicated Montessori may have a positive impact on children’s numeracy knowledge. The key outcomes were:

  • Montessori students showed significantly higher achievement regarding backward number word sequence (a precursor to subtraction); early addition and subtraction; and place value concepts.
  • Indicators that the Montessori system may be offering more opportunities for children to develop higher order skills and concepts in early childhood.
  • Indicators that Montessori can favourably impact students in low socioeconomic status areas.
    Source: Curriculum Matters 3, 6-28.

Harris, E. M. (2004) – Evaluation of the reorganization of Northboro Elementary School in Palm Beach County, Florida: a ten year perspective

This was an 11 year case study of one school and the impact that Montessori brought. It examined an at risk elementary school from 1991 to 2002. The school population was 86% African American, 12% Hispanic, and 2% White or mixed race. (98% on lunch program). The community decided on the Montessori magnet program and utilised reading recovery and a parent involvement program. The key outcomes were:

  • Math scores went from a 28% to a 52% pass rate
  • Parent involvement tripled.
  • School community became more diverse. 
  • 91% of all six year olds were reading at or above grade level. 
    Source: Dissertation, Union Institute and University.

Dohrmann, K. (2003) – Outcomes for Students in a Montessori Program, A Longitudinal Study of the Experience in the Milwaukee Public Schools Montessori

This study supports the hypothesis that Montessori education has a positive long-term impact. Additionally, it provides an affirmative answer to questions about whether Montessori students will be successful in traditional schools. The key outcomes were:

  • An association between a Montessori education and superior performance on the Math and Science scales of the ACT and WKCE, for those attending from the approximate ages of three to eleven.

Vance, T. L. (2003) – An exploration of the relationship between preschool experience and the acquisition of phonological awareness in kindergarten Comparison of four ECE experiences

This study involved a comparison of four early childhood education programmes. Students attending the Montessori program outscored all others on all tests administered on development of literacy skills and phonological awareness. 
Source: Dissertation, George Mason University.

Rathunde, K. (2003) – A comparison of Montessori and traditional middle schools: Motivation, quality of experience, and social context

With the help of co-investigator Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Dr. Rathunde compared the experiences and perceptions of middle school students in Montessori and traditional schools using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). The key outcomes were:
Montessori students reported a significantly better quality of experience in their academic work than did traditional students.
Montessori students perceived their schools as a more positive community for learning, with more opportunities for active, rather than passive, learning.
Source: The NAMTA Journal 283 (Summer, 2003), pages 12-52

Reed, M. (2000) – A comparison of the place value understanding of Montessori and non-Montessori elementary school students Maths study

Montessori students consistently outperformed non-Montessori students on “tasks of a more conceptual nature, while performing the same or slightly better on counting and symbolic tasks”. 

Source: Electronic Thesis or Dissertation retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/

East Dallas Community School

East Dallas Community School offers accredited classroom programs for children ages twelve months through third grade in one of the most under-served communities in Dallas. 68% of students are Hispanic, 9% African American, 19% Anglo, and 4% other ethnicities.  67% of these families were living at or below poverty level and 49% were learning English as a second language. Programme outcomes are as listed:

  • In 2002, 78% of the school’s third graders applied to Dallas Independent School District’s gifted and talented program. All were accepted.
    100% of the public charter school students have passed the high stakes state reading competency tests.
  • According to a ten year study of standardised test scores (1993-2003), EDCS students’ average scores were in the top 36% nationwide in reading and math.
  • In a neighbourhood where the high school graduation rate is less than 50%, 94% of the third grade alumni have graduated from high school; 88% of those have gone on to college.
  •  In 2005, the school was ranked among the top 6% of charter school districts, and among the top 15% of all public school districts in the State of Texas.
  • In 2006 and 2007 the school received a Gold Performance acknowledgement from the state for our students’ accomplishments in reading.
    Source: http://www.edcschool.org/Our_Schools.html.

Alfred G. Zanetti School Springfield, Massachusetts Montessori

Until 1999, the school had low-test scores, high absenteeism and a student turnover rate of almost 50% a year. In 1999, the school converted to Montessori. Programme outcomes include:

  • Assessments all the way down to the youngest classrooms, exhibit a record of success.
  • Student turnover rate is now (2005) 5%. 
    Source: Public School Stakes Its Future on the Montessori Way, New York Times, 2nd February 2005.

AEDI Research

Success in school and life can be influenced by the outcomes in early childhood. The Australian Early Development Index (AEDI) is a national measure of the progress of early childhood development in Australia. The AEDI is an attempt by the council of Australian governments to measure how children are developing in communities throughout the country. The AEDI collected data on a number of quantitative and qualitative data sets, following physical health and well being, social competence, emotional maturity, language and cognitive skills and communication skills and general knowledge. The study was conducted throughout the country, surveying 261,203 children, making up 97.5% of aged five in Australia.

Montessori Educated children outperformed the national average for five year olds in all developmental domains. The most significant variance between the national average and children educated in the Montessori system were in Language and Cognitive Skills and Communications Skills and General Knowledge. While some controls in such socio-economic advantage must be considered, as the number of developmentally vulnerable children in Montessori was less than the National average, the performance of Montessori education relative to the national average is statistically significant. The study verifies the legitimacy of the Montessori Method for achieving real positive outcomes for children’s education and development.

Action Research

Montessori Australia launched the Montessori Action Research Advisory (MRAC) committee in 2010. The MRAC works to build a comprehensive research framework for Montessori in both New Zealand and Australia. One of the first schemes of the Montessori Research Advisory Committee has been to initiate the first Montessori Research Workshop. The workshop was first conducted back in May 2010 and was open to all Montessori educators working with children from birth to eighteen years as well as Montessori teacher trainers. The aim of the workshop was to involve educators in classroom based research.

Participants in the research project were asked to write a research question of their own and design a small research project to explore this question. The projects were ones that could be implemented simply and effectively in their own classrooms in order to reflect critically and systematically on a single area within the curriculum, or a classroom based problem, with the goal of achieving real positive change. The results of the project have each been published in an Action Research book, which provides a summary of the action research covered in the workshop. These reports demonstrate the breadth of the potential Montessori classrooms offer teachers for pursuing both practitioner based enquiry as well as research projects that can become the basis of study towards a higher degree.

Notice Board

Montessori Australia Foundation provides a Notice Board as a service to subscribing schools and centres, and individuals. If you wish to post a notice about an upcoming event, item of interest, or community announcement, please email info@montessori.org.au.

Responsibility for the contents of a notice is borne solely by the person or organisation posting the notice.

This service is provided free to subscribers.
Non-subscribers can post a notice for a fee.

Australia

Long Day Care Centre “Coming Soon”

Purpose built boutique centre located in the centre of the Gold Coast. Read More
Listed 3 November 2022

Buying / Selling a Childcare Business?


Listed 18 July 2022

Montessori National Curriculum

In 2011, Montessori Australia received official notification from the Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) that the Montessori National Curriculum (MNC) has been recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework to be included on ACARA’s Recognition Register. This is a fantastic achievement and has positive implications for everyone working in Montessori classrooms, not only in Australia but also worldwide. ACARA established a very rigorous recognition process to determine the extent to which a well-established alternative national curriculum can deliver comparable educational outcomes for students to those based on the Australian National Curriculum. ACARA have advised that our curriculum aligns with the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, meets the particular principles and guidelines in relation to the Shape of the Australian Curriculum V3 Dec 2010, and allows for broadly comparable educational outcomes in English, mathematics, science and history by the end of Year 10. The recognition is almost completely unqualified and further acknowledges our different approach to learning, the different approach to ICT in the early years, that our history programme begins with the universe following through human civilisations to the local level, and notes the role of Montessori materials and activities in delivering the curriculum.

The 2011 version of the Montessori National Curriculum is available to Australian Montessori schools and centres.

We are currently working on recognition for the additional subjects and an online portal.

International schools requiring accreditation in their country may join as an international member to access the Montessori National Curriculum.  Contact info@montessori.org.au for details.

Parents – please note that the Montessori National Curriculum document is not a parent document.  Is has been designed for a Montessori classroom environment, with a full complement of Montessori materials, multi-aged classroom of children, and trained Montessori educators. Parents who are wanting to create a Montessori home-school environment are encouraged to attend workshops and training courses.

Resources

PDF icon Update February 2020

PDF icon Update November 2020

PDF icon Update March 2021

Montessori Early Years Programme

Under the National Law and Regulations, early childhood education and care services are required to base their educational program on an approved learning framework. This should focus on addressing the developmental needs, interests and experiences of each child, while taking into account individual differences.

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF) is the approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework for young children from birth to five years of age.

Montessori Australia has developed a poster that visually articulates the mapping of the Montessori curriculum against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

Click here to purchase the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP) poster from our online shop.

Please note: The MEYLP poster is subject to copyright and can not be reproduced without the prior consent of Montessori Australia.

Montessori Australia members are provided a PDF copy of the MEYLP poster.

Montessori and the National Quality Agenda

The governments National Quality Agenda is an important set of reforms for the Early Childhood Education and Care sector. Changes include the National Quality Standards, the Early Years Learning Framework and other regulations for service provision.

Montessori Australia recommends a number of commercially available professional resources, including:

Montessori and the National Quality Standards

This document looks at each individual standard and element of the 7 quality areas in relation to a Montessori environment and in context of what the Authorised Officer may observe, discuss and sight during an Assessment visit.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-nqs

Montessori National Curriculum and the EYLF

A high-gloss poster that visually maps the Montessori National Curriculum for children under 6 years of age against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

The poster is available in A4 and A3 through Montessori Australia’s online store.

Montessori and the EYLF

This document articulates how Montessori practice fits the principles, practice and outcomes of the EYLF.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-eylf

Bridging the Gap

This document gives an analysis of the most likely areas where an Authorised Officer may find Montessori Practice and other settings diverge. It provides strategies on how to “bridge the gap” of understanding.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/bridging-the-gap-between-mont…

Our Services

Support Services

Montessori Australia (MA) is the peak national body for Montessori in Australia, providing support services to Montessori schools, early childhood centres, teachers and parents as well as to adult care organisations, caregivers and families. MA maintains communication with Montessori programmes across Australia and acts as a clearinghouse for Montessori information and communication. 

Schools, Early Childhood Centres, Home Schooling Groups & Adult Care Organisations

Membership

Montessori Australia offers membership to Montessori schools and centres, including home educators and adult care providers. Montessori Australia provides publications, discounted Montessori materials, communications, promotional services and professional development opportunities. These services are undergoing a review in consultation with the Montessori community to improve service delivery ensuring that we support the varied needs of our diverse community.  For membership enquiries, please contact info@montessori.org.au.

Consultancy

Montessori Australia offers consulting services to Montessori schools and centres on a wide variety of topics and issues. Our consulting services offer supportive advice using a mentoring model to encourage best practice and improve the delivery of the Montessori programme. 

Services for the General Public

Membership

Montessori staff and parents of member schools/centres benefit from their membership to Montessori Australia, including publications and discounts on events and shop products.

Individuals or Montessori teachers not currently with member schools/centres may join as Individual Members to receive similar benefits. 

Media

As the peak national body for Montessori in Australia, Montessori Australia takes a proactive role in promoting the Montessori approach across media platforms.  We also work with our Montessori schools, teachers and parents to help support their engagement with the media. 

For media enquiries, please contact Anusha Shrestha at anusha@montessori.org.au.

Government 

Montessori Australia acts as the government liaison representing Montessori on both a state and federal level. Visit our Government Liaison and Government Submissions sections on this website to learn more about our work. 

For Government enquiries, please contact hani@montessori.org.au

Employment Services

Job Openings

Montessori Australia provides the Job Openings section as a service to Montessori schools, centres and job seekers. Jobs are listed on the Montessori Australia website, and on the Montessori Australia Facebook page for a 3mth duration. The service is free to member schools/centres, or for a fee for non-members.

Government Liaison

Since its inception, Montessori Australia has represented the interests of the Montessori sector at both the state and national levels. MA has enabled Montessorians across the country to speak with “one voice” and we are delighted that Montessori is now seen as a significant sector by government and other agencies. With this in place we are working on a number of fronts to achieve further recognition of Montessori and to advocate for the interests of children, especially highlighting the importance of the first years of life.

 

One of our major focus areas is the drafting and submission of responses on behalf of the Montessori sector on major policy and regulation reviews both on a federal and state level. We constantly strive to support Montessori education in this complex and changing landscape.

 

The Montessori Australia Organisation Government Advocacy Focus Group is made up of volunteers from the Montessori community. It is open to Montessori practitioners and/or passionate individuals who want to advance the cause of Montessori with government. For more information about getting involved contact mark@montessori.org.au

Government Submissions

Most recent submissions/reports listed first: 

Submission: National Review of Teacher Registration – Early Childhood Education

Following attendance at the AITSL Forum, Montessori Australia has prepared a brief response to the National Review of Teacher Registration – Early Childhood Education. Overall, we believe there should be a nationally consistent approach with ACECQA, AITSL, regulatory bodies and authorities and that teacher registration should be a national process, not carried out at the state level, to support consistency.  The submission covers the following points:

  • Elements of Registration
  • Teacher Quality
  • Improvements
  • Nationally consistent approaches
  • Teacher standards and application to ECT registration

Submitted: 4 June 2018

Download the Montessori Submission

Submission: Social and Cultural Determinants of Indigenous Health

The Montessori Children’s Foundation made the following key recommendations:

  • Provide significant and secure funding support to enable the expansion of Montessori early childhood programs in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
  • Urgently develop mechanisms that will enable those wanting to train as Montessori teachers to have their Montessori training counted as part of their Bachelor of Education studies.
  • Investigate how greater numbers of public schools may be able to make the choice to offer Montessori programs either as a part, or as the whole of their pedagogic approach.
  • Foster and support the growth of capacity building initiatives such as the Puuya Foundation has undertaken, and facilitate the involvement of other key partner organisations. 

Submitted: 5 May 2017

Download the Montessori Submission

Submission: Productivity Commission Draft Report into Childcare and Early Childhood Learning

MAF has prepared a short submission in response to the July Productivity Commission Draft Report into Childcare and Early Childhood Learning. We were also able to contribute to the public enquiry through input to the ACECQA National Forum and the NSW Children’s Services Forum.

Our submission covers the following points:

  • The focus on children’s rights, their needs and interests is missing from the framing of the recommendations of the enquiry.
  • The workforce participation of women rather than the needs and interests of children is placed at the forefront of policy framework for ECEC.
  • The report privileges the needs and desires of employer groups over the needs and interests of children.
  • There is a fundamental disregard for the progress we have made in the last 30 years in recognising the interrelationship between care and education.
  • CCB should be made available for all children irrespective of family income levels.
  • The possible exclusion of some service types (such as preschools) from the NQF.
  • The removal of tax benefits for not-for-profit services who provide a large proportion of the education and care of young children.
  • The emergence of a division between “child care” for children under 3 and “preschool education” for children over 3.
  • The potential impact of a deemed rate of care on families and services that could cause significant disadvantage those in high cost provision in rural and remote locations.
  • The lack of provision of a plan to ensure supply of education and care meets demand.
  • The possible exclusion of children from vulnerable families to early education by the imposition of the proposed 24 hour work/activity test per fortnight.
  • Nannies should be linked to an approved service to ensure quality provision and to ensure they are supported to achieve quality outcomes for children.

Submitted: 6 September 2014  

Consultation – Reduction of command and control – Australian Education Act 2013

This submission is in response to Minister Pyne’s letter to the Montessori Australia Foundation seeking our comments on where we perceive the Australian Education Act 2013 or the associated Regulation afford an overreach of Commonwealth powers and involve unnecessary reporting to the Commonwealth in this regard.

Small independent schools have the same regulatory burdens as larger independent schools but do not have the same administrative capacity to meet increasing and constantly changing administrative and reporting requirements especially when these overlap with two different legislative jurisdictions. Many areas of the Act are overly prescriptive and can usually be dealt with in a collaborative way between jurisdictions. 

Whilst understanding the need for accountability and quality control, we would support any reduction in regulatory burden that would enable schools to focus on the provision of high quality teaching and learning and reduce administrative costs. There are many overlapping regulatory requirements between States/Territories, the Commonwealth Government and different Acts and Regulations with which Montessori schools have to comply.

Specific input was provided regarding various sections of the Act. 

Submitted: 23 June 2014 

Senate Select Committee Submission on School Funding  

This submission responded to the following points

  • Value of independent schooling
  • Current and new funding arrangements
  • Distribution of Funds
  • Montessori schools and students with disabilities
  • Agreement on 3% increase
  • Recommendations for future funding arrangements

Submitted: 20 March 2014

Productivity Commission Childcare and Early Childhood Learning

 This submission responded to the following points:  

  • Support for implementation of National Quality Framework
  • Affordability of childcare
  • Qualifications
  • Government support by State, Territory and Local Governments
  • Key support measures for childcare services
  • Options for regulatory reform
  • Initiatives of government to address workforce changes 

Submitted: 31 January 2014  

Beyond Gonski: Reviewing the Evidence on Quality Schooling 

Following the release of the Gonski Report, the Public Policy Institutue (PPI) was commissioned by the Independent Schools Council of Australia (ISCA) to prepare a response paper, authored by Scott Prasser and Helen Tracey. The paper was presented at a meeting attended by Christine Harrison, Presdient, Montessori Australia Foundation. She provides an update on the meeting and its bearing on the Montessori sector.  

Circulated: Montessori Australia Foundation eBulletin 2013 Edition 1

Parliamentary Inquiry into the Australian Education Bill 2012  

This submission outlines the Montessori sector’s response to the Parlimentary Inquiry in the areas of Quality Education, Transparancy and Accountability, Diversity and Choice, School and Student Assessment Benchmarks, and School Funding.

Submitted: 30 September 2011

Comments to ACECQA Regarding Draft Criteria for Excellent Rating

This report offers comments from the Montessori sector to the Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority (ACECQA) on the draft criteria for Excellent Ratings for childcare centres under the National Quality Standards national quality rating and assessment process. 

Circulated: 28 February 2012 

Montessori Report on the Gonski Briefing

This report summarises the briefing on the Gonski Review of Funding. 

Circulated: 20 February 2012

Review of Funding for Schooling – Response to Commissioned Research

On 31 August 2011, the Review of Funding for Schooling released its Paper on Commissioned Research and the following four research report

  • Feasibility of a National Schooling Recurrent Resource Standard
  • Assessing existing funding models for schooling in Australia
  • Schooling Challenges and Opportunities
  • Assessment of current process for targeting of schools funding to disadvantaged students  

The Montessori sector affirms our belief that any model for funding of non-government schools should be equitable, transparent and treat all schools and systems in the non-government sector consistently. Funding arrangements for feepaying independent schools should encourage, not discourage, parental investment in their child’s schooling. We concur with the independent school sector that it is critical that any proposed funding model be based on robust, reliable and up-to-date data. 

Submitted: 30 September 2011  

ACARA Submission: Recognition of Montessori National Curriculum

Submission to ACARA for the Recognition of Curriculum Framework to meet the requirements of the Australian Curriculum

Submitted: 17 June 2011

MAF, MCF and TSIREC Meeting with Minister Peter Garrett

Meeting date: 6 July 2011 

Key points of discussion were: 

  • The importance of endorsement of the three year age range in Montessori settings and provision of advice to state education authorities to that effect.
  • The Minister’s support for recognition of the Montessori National Curriculum including the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP)
  • Recognition of Montessori qualifications
  • Issues and challenges relating to the MySchool and MyChild websites
  • The success of the Strait Start programs in the Torres Strait Islands

The importance of the continued support of the Minister and the government for the TSIREC/MCF partnership in the Torres Strait to allow additional support for the existing programme, expansion due to community demand in other areas of the Torres Strait and North Queensland.

Submitted: 17 June 2011

National Quality Framework Regulations Exposure Draft

In response to the DEEWR National Quality Framework Regulations Exposure Draft the Montessori submission highlighted key areas of concern for the Montessori sector including: 

  • Educator to child ratios 
  • Requirements for early childhood teach
  • Approval and determination of qualifications
  • Declared approved learning frameworks
  • Qualifications and Experience of Assessors
  • Supervisor Certificate
  • Assessment and Ratings
  • Policies and Procedures
  • Review of Funding for Schooling: Emerging Issues Paper 2010 

Submitted: 31 March 2011 

In response to the DEEWR Review of Funding for Schooling Emerging Issues Paper the Montessori submission specified:  

  • Any changes to government funding arrangements should leave no Montessori school or student worse off in real te
  • Any funding arrangements should be simple to administer, transparent and offer stability and predictability
  • Montessori school enrolments are projected to increase significantly over the next decade. They will provide a significant contribution towards the future recurrent and capital costs of school education in Australia. We firmly agree with the independent sector that governments must encourage and appropriately support independent schools in order to leverage this contribution.
  • Montessori schools are chosen by many parents because of their ability to support students with special learning needs, including students with disabilities. These students must be resourced appropriately regardless of the type of school they attend.
  • We support the right of parents to exercise their entitlement to choose the type of schooling for their children. Montessori schools are often chosen because of their sense of community and ability for families to become more involved in their child’s education.
  • Small, community based schools such as Montessori schools show a significant commitment to transparent and effective governance with many school boards made up wholly of parents. There is a high degree of accountability to stakeholders who are fee-paying parents, founders and other financial supporters.
  • Montessori schools draw their enrolments from all income groups. Many of our schools offer low fees and serve lower SES communities that are the fastest growing group of independent schools thus increasing the load on our schools.

Our schools need to work with stability and predictability of funding arrangements to facilitate financial planning and management. We would like to see funding legislated for at least four years as per the current quadrennial arrangements. The value of recurrent, capital and targeted grants should be maintained in real terms by appropriate supplementation.

MAF Meeting with DEEWR Early Childhood Development Group 

Meeting Date: 25 November 2010 

Key points of discussion were:

  • Overview of Montessori in Australia and Overseas
  • Presentation on Elements of Quality Montessori ECEC Centres
  • Recognition of Montessori Early Years Learning Framework
  • Recognition of Montessori Qualifications
  • Assessment of Montessori Programmes under the NQS
  • Montessori Programmes in Indigenous Communities

Submitted: 22 November 2010

MCEECDYA National Biennial Forum 2010

Education for the Future: Improving Student Learning and School Performance

The Australian Education Ministers’ 2010 Biennial Forum to be held in Canberra on 15 October will showcase innovative and creative best-practice initiatives that are improving student outcomes, transforming schools and shaping the education environment into the future.

The forum will bring together over 300 of Australia’s educational leaders and practitioners from all jurisdictions and sectors for a range of highly engaging interactive presentations and discussions. It will report progress being made on the goals of the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, while also providing a platform for considering ‘schooling for tomorrow’. 

MAF is pleased to have been invited to the Forum and to have been asked to submit a paper and project summaries to be published on the Forum’s website. 

  • Developing sustainable partnerships with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders and communities to improve early childhood infrastruct
  • Montessori Parent Support Initiative as the key to lifelong learning
  • Hands on learning and experiences in Montessori Adolescent Programs as valuing the contributions of young people to a peaceful and sustainable society 

http://www.schoolsforum2010.edu.au

Early Childhood Development Strategy

Both MAF and MCF strongly support the Early Childhood Development Strategy and, especially as a consequence of our work in remote Indigenous communities, we are convinced that parent support and education are a vital part of supporting improved developmental outcomes for vulnerable children.

Specific recommendation were made in regard to:  

  • Strengthening universal maternal, child and family health services
  • Engaging parents and community in understanding the importance of early childhood
  • Improving early childhood infrastructure
  • Financial Health Assessment Framework Review (FHAF) Submission to DEEWRs

Submitted: 4 December 2009

Regulation Impact Statement for Early Childhood Education and Care Quality Reforms 

Issues of concern to the Montessori Sector, explored in more detail in the body of the submission, are summarised below.

  • Accreditation and regulation
    How accreditation and regulation will be implemented and by whom for diverse services which require assessors to have expert knowledge both of the regulations and of the nature of the methodology and contexts of particular services.
  • 1:3 ratio for children to 24 months
    Implementation should be achieved earlier than 2020
  • A clearer focus on children from birth to age three
    There is a need for a much stronger focus in the RIS on this most critical period of children’s development
  • Equity in diverse communities
    The need for financial investment, and investment in capacity building, especially in remote Indigenous communities, to ensure equity of access high quality services.
  • Staff qualifications
    Will staff with a Certificate lll qualification be accorded “qualified status” in relation to the prescribed child-to-staff ratios?
    Achievability within stated timelines of requirements to employ early childhood trained teacher.
    Further clarification of the ways in which RPL will work in relation to those teachers with Montessori diplomas but without and early childhood degree; and to those currently employed as Montessori assistants with Montessori assistant training.
  • Rating a service as excellent
    Might some services be precluded from obtaining a rating of “Excellence” because of size or location resulting in diminished access to resourcing or partnerships?
    Appropriate arrangements for the assessment of Montessori early childhood education and care services.
  • 3 year groupings
    The new regulations must accommodate the 3 year age cohorts in Montessori services; clarification needed in relation to child-to-staff ratios, group sizes and funding.
  • 15 hour universal access
    Clarification of the issue of the 15 hour program being able to be embedded in the 3-6 program in Montessori centres in ways which do not disrupt the usual functioning of Montessori programs.
  • Costs and funding
    The conclusions of the cost-benefit analysis are questioned, and concerns exist that families will ultimately bear any additional costs, risking the withdrawal of some children from early childhood services, and risking the viability of some centres.

It is imperative that the access of all families to CCB, including those who access services which do not meet the criterion of opening 48 weeks per year, is addressed if the National Quality Agenda is to incorporate current licensing and accreditation systems, and all families are to be supported in their right to choose services for their children. 

Submitted: 31 August 2009 

Schools Assistance Act Regulations

The Montessori sector supports the intention of the Act to foster transparency in reporting to parents so that they have “useful information about how their child and their school are performing… to assist them in making the right choice of school” (Clause 16). We support the provision of plain language student reports to parents. However, we do not support the requirement that such reports employ an A to E or equivalent scale. Nor do we support reporting that shows a student’s achievement relative to the performance of his/her peer group. We argue that our current methods of reporting both provide to parents “useful information about how their child and their school are performing”, and provide it in ways which are consistent with the Montessori philosophy that the parents of our students have consciously chosen for their children’s education.

Submitted: 22 May 2009

Victorian Children’s Services Regulations 2009

The Montessori Sector supports the directions of the Draft regulations, and is grateful for the opportunity to comment on issues of concern to our staff and parents. In particular, we seek the following: 

Consideration of official recognition of the equivalence of a Montessori Diploma to the two-year Diploma in Children’s Services which can be articulated to an early childhood education degree, and /or an arrangement based on recognition of prior learning which takes on-the-job learning into account; and we seek a meeting in the near future with DEECD officials to pursue these matters.

  • Consideration of recognition of the equivalence between Montessori Assistants Training and the Certificate III in Children’s Services and/or consideration of special dispensation for Montessori Assistants Training to be recognised as constituting appropriate entry level qualifications for working in Montessori settings only. These are matters we would also like to pursue in the abovementioned meeting we seek with DEECD official.
  • The opportunity to provide an orientation to DEECD officers and ministerial advisers regarding the operation of Montessori early childhood education and care services to provide a clear context for considerations of recognition of Montessori training. 
  • Special dispensation in regard to the occasional entry of children to the Montessori three to six program before their third birthdays without the requirement to meet the proposed adult-child ratio of 1:4 for children under three. 
  • Further discussion with DEECD officers with a view to resolving anomalies in relation to both the “double” qualifications requirement and funding arrangements for children whose parents wish them to complete the full 3 to 6 cycle in Montessori services.

Submitted: 23 March 2009

National Curriculum Feedback

Submitted: 24 February 2009

NSW Children’s Services Regulations Review

The Montessori sector supports the opportunity provided by the review to reduce the complexity of the regulatory framework for the delivery of children’s services while improving quality and outcomes, and asks for particular consideration of the following issues:

  • The relaxation of group sizes and total child numbers in early childhood services.
  • Recognition of Montessori qualifications.
  • Recognition of the distinct role of the assistant in Montessori services, and the validity of our approach to ensuring assistants work to appropriate professional standards.
  • MAF seeks inclusion on the Industry Reference Group.

 Submitted: 11 December 2008

Early Years Learning Framework

  • We are confident that the Framework will provide sufficient scope and direction for the Montessori approach to learning in the early years to maintain its integrity, and that the Framework makes an important contribution to highlighting key elements of quality learning for all early childhood education and care service
  • We would argue strongly for the use of simpler and more accessible language, and for each section to be very clearly focused and sequenced to make meanings as clear as poss
  • We would also urge that the section on Values and Guiding Principles be clarified, that its language be simplified and that clearer linkages are made between principle and practice.
  • Most importantly, we would urge that a greater focus be given to children’s drive for self-direction and self-development, and the implications of this for creating learning environments and employing pedagogies which respects and respond to the demonstrated needs and interests of individual children.

Submitted: 10 December 2008

Schools Assistance Bill Administrative Guidelines

  • Recognition of Montessori National Curriculum
  • Requested exemption from comparative reporting. The following clause was included in the Administrative Guidelines following our submission “Individual parents may wish to withdraw their child from comparative reporting or assessment conditions that they feel are inappropriate for their child. This is a matter for consideration by individual parents and must be requested in writing to the school.”
  • The Montessori sector is seeking representation on the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority given the unique nature of the Montessori educational philosophy and practice.

Submitted: 28 November 2008

ECEC National Quality Framework

The Montessori sectors seeks:  

  • Recognition that the Montessori curriculum exemplifies an effective pathway for realisation of the objectives set out in the National Quality Framework for ECEC discussion paper.
  • Recognition that the Montessori pedagogy, materials and classroom management together provide a well-established and well-integrated working illustration of a differentiated play-based curriculum, incorporating content and activities appropriately based on child development.
  • Ways to ensure that Montessori training can be articulated with existing training pathways for early childhood teachers to meet National Quality Framework standards.
  • Support for and protection of the mixed-age groups (3-6) with which Montessori programs work.
  • Delivery of the government guarantee for four year olds in the context of the Montessori mixed-age group (3-6) program.
  • Partnerships in early childhood education and care for children with special needs.
  • Partnerships in Indigenous early childhood education and care.

 Submitted: 19 September 2008

 

Media Releases

Latest Media Releases:

3 June 2022: Thinking Different Conference

4 April 2022: Digital-age curriculum to improve school kids’ financial literacy

Media Enquiries:

Anusha Shrestha anusha@montessori.org.au 

Montessori Training


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Montessori Teacher Training in Australia

Begin your journey as a Montessori educator with nationally recognized training programmes

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child's stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals. A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori Teacher Training Centres in Australia

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited
Providing quality Montessori training courses accredited by MACTE (Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education), the world accrediting body for Montessori Teacher Training Organisations. Visit AMTI website

MECTA (Montessori Early Childhood Training Australia)

ASQA Accredited
Offering the Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority) with flexible learning options. Visit MECTA website

Montessori Institute

Nationally Accredited
The only Montessori training institution in Australia offering teacher and educator courses nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA for early childhood and primary education. Visit Montessori Institute website

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

AMI Accredited
The only AMI (Association Montessori Internationale) training centre in Australia, offering the internationally recognized AMI Montessori Diploma across all age levels (0-18 years). Visit SMTC website

The AMI Montessori Diploma

One of the most highly regarded Montessori training qualifications is the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori Diploma, which is internationally recognized for its high standard and authenticity. AMI was founded in 1929 by Dr Maria Montessori, and is a global community that continues today to protect the integrity of her work and accredits training centres throughout the world. The Sydney Montessori Training Centre is the only AMI training centre in Australia.

Nationally Accredited Qualifications

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognized qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. MECTA's Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority).

Adolescent Programme Training

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level (12-18 years) in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent courses offered internationally.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher's circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction course in Montessori education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators.

Becoming a Montessori Educator

Montessori programmes cater for children from birth to eighteen years of age and may be delivered in Montessori early childhood or school settings.  In most cases, educators will have qualifications for working with children (early childhood 3-6 years of age, primary 6-12 years of age, or secondary 12-18 years of age) as well as specialised Montessori training. 

Watch a video: Why become a Montessori teacher? 

Online Training Courses

Online introductory Montessori training courses are available through Montessori Training Australia, with courses that promote best practice in Montessori education. Utilising a flexible online platform, packages allow users to customise their learning experience to suit their individual needs. Content is both engaging and informative and delivered through high quality audio-visual resources, interactive learning activities and thought-provoking discussions.

The online courses are suitable for educators, assistant staff, administrators, Board/Committee members, parents and anyone wishing to know more about Montessori principles and practice.  

Read more about these courses here.

Note that these online courses are introductory courses only, not full Montessori teacher training Diploma courses, and are not ACECQA registered.

Montessori Qualifications

Visit our Training Centre page for details on the Montessori training centres in Australia including:

Early Childhood Educator Qualifications

The National Quality Framework (NQF) sets out minimum qualification requirements for educators working in early childhood education and care services.  The NQF is administered through the Australian Children’s Education & Care Quality Authority (ACECQA).  The ACECQA website provides information on the approved early childhood qualifications and for assessment of existing and overseas qualifications.  

There are three main levels of educators, which apply to centre-based and family day care services from birth to preschool age:

  • Certificate III Level Educator
  • Diploma Level Educator
  • Early Childhood Teacher (ECT)

Refer to the ACECQA Qualifications List on their website for details on what Montessori courses are approved. 

Overseas Qualification Holders

Holders of overseas early childhood or Montessori qualifications may not be approved to work in early childhood in Australia. Your qualifications must be assessed individually by ACECQA as no overseas Montessori qualifications are accredited in Australia.  Please refer to the ACECQA website for details.  Unfortunately, most overseas Montessori qualifications will not be recognised by ACECQA, so you may need to undertake Australian early childhood qualifications.  

Primary and Secondary Educator Qualifications 

Montessori educators teaching primary aged children should have relevant Montessori primary training, as well as a teaching degree and teacher registration in the state/territory that they intend to teach.  Each state/territory in Australia has a regulatory body, which mandates these teaching qualifications.  In general, the qualification will be a four year tertiary study such as a Bachelor of Education (Montessori training qualifications are not assessed as part of their teaching qualfications).  Find your local regulatory authority here.

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level in the country.  Courses at this age level are listed on the AMI website.

Find out more by reading the PDF document: Which Training Program is right for you?

Job Openings

A listing of Montessori job opportunities is found on our website here.

Training Centres


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Montessori Teacher Training in Australia

Begin your journey as a Montessori educator with nationally recognized training programmes

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child’s stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals. A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori Teacher Training Centres in Australia

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited
Providing quality Montessori training courses accredited by MACTE (Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education), the world accrediting body for Montessori Teacher Training Organisations. Visit AMTI website

MECTA (Montessori Early Childhood Training Australia)

ASQA Accredited
Offering the Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority) with flexible learning options. Visit MECTA website

Montessori Institute

Nationally Accredited
The only Montessori training institution in Australia offering teacher and educator courses nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA for early childhood and primary education. Visit Montessori Institute website

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

AMI Accredited
The only AMI (Association Montessori Internationale) training centre in Australia, offering the internationally recognized AMI Montessori Diploma across all age levels (0-18 years). Visit SMTC website

The AMI Montessori Diploma

One of the most highly regarded Montessori training qualifications is the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori Diploma, which is internationally recognized for its high standard and authenticity. AMI was founded in 1929 by Dr Maria Montessori, and is a global community that continues today to protect the integrity of her work and accredits training centres throughout the world. The Sydney Montessori Training Centre is the only AMI training centre in Australia.

Nationally Accredited Qualifications

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognized qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. MECTA’s Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course through ASQA (Australian Skills Quality Authority).

Adolescent Programme Training

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level (12-18 years) in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent courses offered internationally.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher’s circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction course in Montessori education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators.

Montessori Training Australia

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia 

Australian Montessori Training Institute

Montessori educators, whether they be a Montessori teacher, a Montessori assistant or a parent, work to support the child in his or her process of self-development. “To aid life…that is the basic task of the educator.” Dr Maria Montessori, The Absorbent Mind

The Australia Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) is committed to providing quality Montessori training courses to the Montessori community, and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori Method. Every consideration is given to ensure flexible training options to best meet the growing demand for Montessori early childhood educators.

From high-quality online learning, to flexible classroom face-to-face courses, AMTI training is available when you need it.

Whether you’re an educator or parent, Montessori study offers valuable insight into discovering and supporting the natural development of the child. AMTI can introduce and help you to implement a Montessori approach in your home, childcare centre, preschool, or school.

AMTI’s Professional, Personal and Practical training packages are:

1. Affordable: Our courses are competitively priced including support for mentoring and finding internship work.

2. Flexible: Start any week when you are ready with your choice of study for supporting children in the age groupings of 0-3, 2.5-6, and 6-12.

3. Accessible – weekly face-to-face or Zoom meetings with your trainer and weekly lessons emailed directly to you.

Online Videos of almost every lesson available for unlimited reviews: Click here to view a sample of an online training video.

Contact info@amti.org.au for more information about AMTI courses.

Courses are also available in Chinese from our China Office in Yiwu, Hangzhou Sage Education, visit here for more information. 

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA) is a Training College focussing on Early Childhood Education.

The Training College offers a unique classroom learning experience, providing students with nationally recognised qualifications including a Diploma in Early Education and Care, Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, and Certificate III in Early Education and Care.

MECTA has fully qualified experienced trainers who are hand-picked for their unique ability to understand all types of learning, so each student can effectively strive and learn their own way.

Their Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is Nationally Recognised and provides a comprehensive and detailed study of the theory and skills involved in the delivery of a Montessori education program for children aged 0-6 years.

MECTA also delivers Montessori short courses, workshops, and parent development courses.

Based in Forest Lake Queensland, their stand-alone purpose-built Training College is fully fitted out with a classroom set up and a student’s lounge for separate studying.

Contact MECTA

Website: https://mecta.edu.au
Email: admin@mecta.edu.au
Phone: (07) 3073 5000

Montessori Institute

As the largest Montessori training organisation in Australia, the Montessori Institute offers flexible, nationally recognised, Early Childhood and Primary teacher registration qualifications, alongside Diploma and Certificate level qualifications. They also provide professional development and education for schools, childcare centres and the wider community, with which they we have built strong relationships over forty years. Their ACECQA (early childhood regulator) and AITSL (teacher registration regulator) accredited courses are delivered via a blend of external, online study and intensive face to face workshops, Australia wide.

Incorporated in 1983, the Montessori Institute is a not-for-profit organisation and an accredited Higher Education Provider with the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Authority (TEQSA). They have dedicated their work to develop and present world class Montessori courses and workshops, to both students and non-students.

Graduate Diploma of Education (Montessori) 3-6 years or 6-12 years focus. Recognised nationally as a teaching qualification, this course enables students to become registered teachers in their State. It is AITSL and ACECQA listed.

Diploma of Early Childhood and Primary Education (Montessori) 0-3, 3-6 or 6-12 years focus. This course enables registered teachers to gain Montessori curriculum knowledge for their classroom. It is ACECQA listed as an Early Childhood qualification (0-3 and 3-6 focus). The Diploma also qualifies non registered teachers to work as education assistants in schools or as room leaders/supervisors in a child care centre.

Certificate in Montessori Studies 0-5 or 3-6. Ideal for students who already hold a Certificate III or Diploma level qualification, but want to obtain Montessori curriculum knowledge for use in child care centres.

Diploma of Montessori Leadership and Practice. Ideal for principals or Montessori centre managers who wish to gain an understanding of Montessori theory, philosophy and curriculum.

Visit their website www.mwei.edu.au for further details.

Resources

PDF icon Graduate Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Certificate Brochure

PDF icon Leadership Brochure

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

Sydney Montessori Training Centre (SMTC) is a national organisation committed to providing quality training to the Montessori community and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori method. 

SMTC is authorised to deliver Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori courses. AMI was established by Maria Montessori and affiliates training centres around the world. AMI courses are recognised internationally for their authenticity and quality.

SMTC offer AMI training courses in the following:

  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 0-3 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori Foundation Course
  • AMI Montessori Adolescent Training

Click here to visit their website for further details.

Australian Montessori Training Institute

Montessori educators, whether they be a Montessori teacher, a Montessori assistant or a parent, work to support the child in his or her process of self-development. “To aid life…that is the basic task of the educator.” Dr Maria Montessori, The Absorbent Mind

The Australia Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) is committed to providing quality Montessori training courses to the Montessori community, and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori Method. Every consideration is given to ensure flexible training options to best meet the growing demand for Montessori early childhood educators.

From high-quality online learning, to flexible classroom face-to-face courses, AMTI training is available when you need it.

Whether you’re an educator or parent, Montessori study offers valuable insight into discovering and supporting the natural development of the child. AMTI can introduce and help you to implement a Montessori approach in your home, childcare centre, preschool, or school.

AMTI’s Professional, Personal and Practical training packages are:

1. Affordable: Our courses are competitively priced including support for mentoring and finding internship work.

2. Flexible: Start any week when you are ready with your choice of study for supporting children in the age groupings of 0-3, 2.5-6, and 6-12.

3. Accessible – weekly face-to-face or Zoom meetings with your trainer and weekly lessons emailed directly to you.

Online Videos of almost every lesson available for unlimited reviews: Click here to view a sample of an online training video.

Contact info@amti.org.au for more information about AMTI courses.

Courses are also available in Chinese from our China Office in Yiwu, Hangzhou Sage Education, visit here for more information. 

Positive Discipline Parenting Course

Positive Discipline Course

  • Want to gain the cooperation of your child or students without the power struggles?
  • Do you need better strategies for those moments when yelling feels like the only thing that works?
  • Want to rebuild respectful and encouraging relationships with your child or students?

In this enjoyable, hands-on course, parents and educators will come away with a cache of 52 tools and strategies for gaining the cooperation of children in situations that typically produce conflict between adults and children. Adult carers will learn the four Mistaken Goals that lead children to misbehave and how to counter them with words and actions that promote connection and cooperation. 

Positive Discipline by Jane Nelsen was first published in 1981 and has since sold over 3 million copies in 16 languages with trained facilitators offering courses in over 70 countries. It is considered the gold standard in parenting classes and is deeply compatible with Montessori principles. Classes consist of role plays, Socratic questioning, and other experiential learning techniques that allow parents to internalise and retain new parenting strategies successfully. 

While most parenting classes seek to control children’s behaviour with rewards and punishments, Positive Discipline teaches parents how to gain the cooperation of their children by examining aspects of their own behaviour that may be sources of misbehaviour in children, and by empowering children with skills that develop resilience, empathy, self-control and the ability to solve their own problems without tantrums or acting out. Positive Discipline sees the misbehaving child as a discouraged child, and equips parents with a repertoire of 52 tools to help them re-establish the positive connection that leaves children more receptive to redirection. Positive Discipline is evidence-based, with years of research that has proven its effectiveness in putting the joy back in parenting for families all over the world. 

Presenter: Mark Powell, Director of Education Services at Montessori Australia and accredited Positive Discipline facilitator, trained directly under Jane Nelsen in the US.

The length of the course is 15 hours in total, preferrably delivered over six weeks in 2½ hour sessions. This allows time for participants to integrate the new techniques and to read the book.  Alternatively, it can be delivered over 2 days.

Course Inclusions:

  • Workbooks are included, but purchase of the Positive Discpline book is required.
  • Partners are welcome to attend for FREE.
  • Parents may repeat the course as often as needed for FREE.
  • Childcare provided where possible during the sessions (fees apply).

* Discounted rate for Montessori Australia Individual Members and all staff and parents at member schools and centres.  Ask for the PROMO CODE from your school/centre or contact info@montessori.org.au

Scheduled courses listed on our Events page or book directly via Eventbrite.

Come along to a free Intro Session to learn about Positive Discipline!  For parents and educators.

Request an Intro Session at your school/centre or enquire about running the course for your parents (in person or Zoom). Enquires to mark@montessori.org.au.

Professional Learning

Montessori Australia event programme is designed to meet the needs of all Montessorians, whether they are involved in supporting the development of the child and the care of our elders. We offer a range of events for Montessori educators, carers and parents, as well as Montessori school principals, business managers and administrators, and Montessori centre owners, managers and operators. Our events programme reflects the annual feedback and suggestions we receive from our community and incorporates an impressive range of topics and presenters.  

Visit our events page here.

For those new to Montessori and needing an immeditate introduction to Montessori early childhood education, Montessori Training Australia offers online training courses.

Montessori and the National Quality Agenda

The governments National Quality Agenda is an important set of reforms for the Early Childhood Education and Care sector. Changes include the National Quality Standards, the Early Years Learning Framework and other regulations for service provision.

Montessori Australia recommends a number of commercially available professional resources, including:

Montessori and the National Quality Standards

This document looks at each individual standard and element of the 7 quality areas in relation to a Montessori environment and in context of what the Authorised Officer may observe, discuss and sight during an Assessment visit.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-nqs

Montessori National Curriculum and the EYLF

A high-gloss poster that visually maps the Montessori National Curriculum for children under 6 years of age against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

The poster is available in A4 and A3 through Montessori Australia’s online store.

Montessori and the EYLF

This document articulates how Montessori practice fits the principles, practice and outcomes of the EYLF.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-eylf

Bridging the Gap

This document gives an analysis of the most likely areas where an Authorised Officer may find Montessori Practice and other settings diverge. It provides strategies on how to “bridge the gap” of understanding.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/bridging-the-gap-between-mont…

Publications

Publications from Montessori Australia, AMI and Affiliates

Click on the links to view other publications from Montessori Australia and other Montessori organisations. Montessori Australia members are able to download PDF copies of the publications (ensure you are logged in under your member account). Click here to become a member.

Current Publications

Montessori Australia produces an eArticle four times a year. The eArticle comes as a PDF file featuring an article by a prominent Montessorian.

Member schools and individuals receive an electronic bulletin (eBulletin) each quarter. The eBulletin comes as a PDF file featuring news and updates from Montessori in Australia and around the world. The eBulletin also includes a job bulletin listing the current positions available at Montessori schools.

Montessori Insights is an annual magazine, especially for Montessori parents. It aims to provide interesting, thought-provoking, and relevant articles about Montessori education and philosophy.

Publications Archive

The Annual Report showcases the diverse work of Montessori Australia to support the growing Australian Montessori community. The Annual Report offers clear communication of Montessori Australia’s vision, activity and future priorities to all stakeholders, including schools and centres, government and industry.

Each quarter Montessori Australia produces a newsletter designed especially for Montessori school board members who have responsibility for the governance of Montessori independent schools in Australia. The Montessori Board Bulletin comes as a PDF file featuring news and updates.

Montessori Australia members have access to a large selection of Montessori articles that can be used as professional resources and parent education tools.

The Alcove was the newsletter of the Australian AMI Alumni Association (the predecessor organisation of the Montessori Australia Foundation). It was published from 1998 to 2006. A complete archive is available to MAF subscribers.

Publications International

AMI produces a newsletter which is published throughout the year and features Montessori news and articles from around the world.

The AMI Journal includes articles by Dr Montessori as well as scholarly papers on Montessori and related topics. This website includes a searchable index of all articles contain in the AMI Journal. To purchase copies of an article or journal please contact publications@montessori-ami.org.

AMI releases treasure articles from its archives in between the main issues of the AMI Journal.

The Montessori Society AMI UK produces a magazine called Direction. It features news, readers’ letters, interviews, book reviews, essays and articles.

The Montessori Society of Canada produces a magazine twice a year featuring Montessori news and articles.

Magazine of the AMI Affiliated Society in China.

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia

The First Casa dei Bambini

About Maria Montessori

On 6 January 1907, in the poverty-stricken San Lorenzo district of Rome, Dr Maria Montessori opened the first Casa dei Bambini — Children’s House. What followed was a revelation that would change education forever and give birth to the global Montessori Method.

📍 San Lorenzo, Rome, Italy

Historical photograph of the courtyard at the first Casa dei Bambini in the San Lorenzo district of Rome, 1907, where Dr Maria Montessori opened the first Montessori Children's House

The courtyard of the San Lorenzo tenement in Rome where the first Casa dei Bambini was established, 6 January 1907.

San Lorenzo, 1907

A District in the Shadows

At the turn of the twentieth century, Rome was a city in rapid development, gripped by a mania for building. Among the last plots to be filled was a tract bordered by ancient Roman walls on one side and a cemetery on the other — considered unlucky and long avoided. A building society eventually invested in the site, erecting five enormous tenement buildings. But the scheme was too vast, the society went bankrupt, and the buildings stood abandoned for years: roofless, without plumbing, open to the elements.

Over time, thousands of homeless people took shelter in these skeletal structures. Criminals, the destitute, and those hiding from authorities crowded into the ruins. The police avoided the area. No vendors would enter. The Quartiere di San Lorenzo became known across Italy as a place of shame — a district of crime, disease, and despair.

A new building society, seeing a business opportunity in the existing walls, invested in minimal renovations: whitewash, doors, windows, and basic plumbing. They selected the most settled residents — married couples — and began moving people in. Among the approximately 10,000 inhabitants, there were just fifty children.

“The Quartiere di San Lorenzo became known as the shame of Italy. People were too afraid to do anything about it; no one knew what happened within those dark walls.”

— Dr Maria Montessori

The Problem of the Children

Fifty Children, No School, No Teacher

While the building society had invested in housing, nobody had thought about the children. Left alone while their parents worked, the fifty children — aged two to six — roamed the tenement freely, causing damage and living in near-feral conditions. The director of the concern concluded that the only solution was to collect all the children in one room to keep them out of mischief.

One room was set aside. As Maria Montessori later recalled, it resembled in every way a children’s prison. There were no toys, no school, no teacher, and no resources of any kind. It was hoped that someone would be found with enough social courage to take on the challenge.

Maria, in her capacity as medical officer of hygiene, was approached. She agreed to take an interest — on the condition that basic standards of hygiene, food, and sanitation be provided. Society ladies were enlisted to raise funds. A woman of forty was found and put in charge. And so, on 6 January 1907 — the Feast of the Epiphany, the traditional day of celebration for children across Italy — the first Casa dei Bambini was inaugurated.

The Inauguration

6 January 1907 — Feast of the Epiphany

The first Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House) opens at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome. Fifty children, aged two to six — dressed alike in stiff blue drill, frightened and crying — enter the room that will change the history of education.

The Discovery

Children Taught Themselves

Maria brought to the room some of the materials she had used in experimental psychology — what we know today as sensorial materials and exercises of practical life. Her intention was simply to observe the children’s reactions. She instructed the woman in charge not to interfere with the children in any way.

What she witnessed was profound. The children, placed in a clean environment with interesting occupations that nobody interfered with, began gradually to work with deep concentration. From timid, frightened, and wild, they became sociable and communicative. Their personalities grew. They showed extraordinary understanding, vivacity, and confidence. They were happy.

Their mothers noticed the transformation at home too. The children began pointing out a spot of dirt on a dress, tidying their rooms, asking their mothers to put flowers in the windows instead of hanging washing there. The children’s influence quietly transformed the lives of the families around them.

Six months after opening, the mothers came to Maria and asked — since she had already done so much for their children, and they themselves could not, being illiterate — would she teach the children to read and write? Maria was initially reluctant, convinced the children were too young. But she gave them the alphabet in a new way, analysing each sound and matching it to its symbol. What followed is now known as the explosion into writing — a spontaneous, joyful burst of literacy that astonished the world.

What Maria Observed

🧠

Deep Concentration

Children chose their work freely and repeated activities with sustained, unbroken focus — a phenomenon Maria called normalisation.

🤝

Natural Cooperation

Without instruction, children demonstrated a natural tendency toward order, grace, and courtesy with one another and with visitors.

Spontaneous Literacy

The famous “explosion into writing” — children taught themselves to read and write through the prepared Montessori materials, astonishing educators worldwide.

The Inauguration Speech

A Vision Declared

When called upon to make a speech at the inauguration, Maria had been reading the lesson for the Feast of the Epiphany in her mass book that morning. She read the passage aloud as an omen for the work to follow — a passage from Isaiah, ending with the words: “And the Gentiles shall walk in thy light, and kings in the brightness of thy rising.”

Inspired, she told those gathered that this work they were undertaking would prove to be very important, and that some day people would come from all parts of the world to see it. The press reported her speech politely — noting what an exaggeration it had been. History proved otherwise.

Dr Maria Montessori, 1942 — Reflecting on that day

“One day I looked at them with eyes which saw them differently and I asked myself: ‘Who are you, are you the same children you were before?’ And I said within myself: ‘Perhaps you are those children of whom it was said that they would come to save humanity. If so, I shall follow you.’ Since then, I am she who tries to grasp their message and to follow them.”

— Dr Maria Montessori

35 Years Later

Maria Montessori’s Anniversary Address, 6 January 1942

On the 35th anniversary of the opening of the first Casa dei Bambini, Maria Montessori spoke to her students, reflecting on what had happened in that room in San Lorenzo. The following are her words.

“Today is the anniversary of the opening of the first House of Children. When I tell you briefly how it started, the few words of its history will seem like a fairy-tale, but their message may also prove useful.”

“Many times people ask with doubt in their minds whether the method is suitable for poor children and whether it is at all adaptable to them.”

“The children were quiet, they had no interference either from the teacher or from the parents… little by little the children began to work with concentration and the transformation they underwent was noticeable. From timid and wild as they were before, the children became sociable and communicative… Their personalities grew and, strange though it may seem, they showed extraordinary understanding, activity, vivacity and confidence. They were happy and joyous.”

“The most outstanding thing about these strange children of the St. Lawrence Quarter was their obvious gratitude… although nobody had cared for them physically, they flourished in health as if they had been secretly fed on some nourishing food. And so they had, but in their spirit.”

“What happened more than thirty years ago now will always remain a mystery to me… It is not possible that it came because of my method, for at the time my method did not yet exist. This is the clearest proof that it was a revelation that emanated from the children themselves.”

“Anyone who wants to follow my method must understand that he should not honour me but follow the child as his leader.”

— Dr Maria Montessori, 6 January 1942

The Legacy of San Lorenzo

From One Room to 20,000 Schools Worldwide

The news of what was happening at San Lorenzo spread rapidly — first across Rome, then throughout Italy, then to the world. Journalists, ministers, educators, and eventually royalty came to observe. The children received them all with natural grace and poise that nobody had taught them. The Queen of Italy herself visited the quarter that had been considered “hell’s doors” to see the children with her own eyes.

Maria Montessori was then nearly forty years old. She had a flourishing medical career and a professorship at the University of Rome before her. She left both. She felt compelled to follow the children — and to find others who could follow them too.

50 Children in 1907
20+ Languages Translated
110+ Countries Worldwide
20,000 Montessori Schools Today

The Cornerstone of the Montessori Method

“Through Dr Montessori’s observations and work with these children she discovered their astonishing, almost effortless ability to learn. Children taught themselves! This simple but profound truth formed the cornerstone of her life-long pursuit of educational reform.”

Montessori Australia — National Peak Body for Montessori Education since 2007

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Education

About Montessori

Montessori Education

The Montessori Vision:
An Education for Life

Montessori is not merely a classroom style or a trend in pedagogy. It is a method committed to supporting the full development of the human being — from birth through to maturity — viewing education as an “aid to life.”

22,000+ Schools Worldwide
150 Countries
360+ Programs in Australia
26,000+ Australian Children

A Broad, Holistic Vision

Education as an Aid to Life

At its heart, Montessori education prepares children not just for the next grade level, but for the complex and beautiful world they will one day lead. This visionary approach is active in over 22,000 schools across 150 countries, representing a century of success that remains unparalleled in the history of modern education.

The Montessori method is built on the belief that every child is born with an internal “blue-print” for development. Rather than imposing a rigid, external curriculum, we follow the child’s natural trajectory — inspiring a lifelong love of learning fuelled by their own curiosity.

“In our classrooms, children evolve into confident, responsible, and independent learners who possess a quiet, unshakeable trust in their own abilities.”

Montessori Australia — National Peak Body for Montessori Education since 2007

The Prepared Environment

A Sanctuary for Purposeful Work

Imagine a learning environment where the furniture is sized for the child, the materials are beautiful and tactile, and the atmosphere is one of focused calm. Montessori classrooms are prepared environments designed specifically to respond to a child’s innate tendency toward meaningful work.

Children possess a natural passion for learning that traditional settings often overlook. We encourage this by providing opportunities to engage in spontaneous, purposeful activities under the expert guidance of a trained Montessori educator. Through this work, children develop an extraordinary level of concentration and what we call “joyful self-discipline.”

🌱

Child-Led Learning

Children progress at their own pace and rhythm, ensuring their education is as unique as their individual capabilities.

🧘

Joyful Self-Discipline

Within a framework of order and community, children develop deep concentration and a lifelong love of purposeful work.

🤝

Inclusive Community

Mixed-age classrooms foster empathy, leadership, and positive social development alongside academic growth.

The Legacy of a Scientist

Dr Maria Montessori

The method we practise today is the legacy of Dr Maria Montessori — a physician, anthropologist, and educator who was one of the first women to graduate from the University of Rome’s medical school. Her unique method was not “invented” in a laboratory but was painstakingly refined over a professional career spanning more than fifty years.

Dr Montessori based her work on intense, scientific observation of children from nearly every ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic background. She saw that the needs of the child are universal, and her deep understanding of child development allowed her to create a system that respects the dignity of the child as a “constructor of man.”

Experience the Difference

See Montessori in Action

The best way to understand the “magic” of a Montessori education is to see it through the eyes of the children who live it every day.

Montessori in Australia

A Flourishing Movement Across the Country

In Australia, the Montessori movement is flourishing, offering a seamless educational journey for children from as young as 6 weeks old through to 18 years of age. Montessori programs are integrated into the very fabric of the Australian community, found within early childhood services, preschools, kindergartens, and both primary and secondary schools.

 

There are currently more than 360 Montessori programs operating across Australia.

 

Over 26,000 Australian children are currently being educated in Montessori settings.

 

The majority of programs are operated by not-for-profit, community-based associations, with a growing number of privately-owned centres and programs integrated within the public school system.

A Connection to Culture and Land

Montessori in Remote Indigenous Communities

One of the most meaningful expressions of the Montessori philosophy in Australia is its presence in remote Indigenous communities. The Montessori approach — with its emphasis on respect, independence, and the environment — unites naturally with the ancient culture and heritage of First Nations Australians. By honouring the child’s connection to their community and their land, Montessori education helps provide a culturally resonant pathway to academic and personal success.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools Australia, Montessori teacher training, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Educators

Montessori Education

In Montessori classrooms around the globe, the traditional role of a “teacher” is reimagined. The position is held by a trained educator, professionally referred to as a Montessori Director, Directress, or Guide — a title that is wholly intentional.

This title signifies one who directs the child’s natural energy toward constructive work, rather than one who imposes a rigid curriculum from above. It is a distinction that reflects the very philosophy at the heart of Montessori education: the child leads; the educator follows, guides, and prepares.

Qualifications & Preparation

A Specialised and Rigorous Training

Montessori educators typically hold a standard teaching qualification, but their expertise is defined by an additional, specialised Montessori teacher education diploma. This rigorous Montessori training focuses on three core pillars:

🧠

Developmental Psychology

Understanding foundational theory such as the “sensitive periods” of childhood and how children naturally absorb their environment.

📚

Pedagogical Mastery

Learning the precise mechanics and sequence of hundreds of unique Montessori materials — each with a specific purpose and presentation.

🪞

Self-Reflective Practice

Cultivating the personal temperament required to lead with peace and objectivity — the inner work that underpins authentic Montessori teaching.

The Educator as Scientific Observer

Watching, Recording, and Responding

The Montessori Director is, foremost, a scientific observer. Their task is to unobtrusively yet carefully monitor each child’s development, recognising and interpreting their unique needs. By maintaining a detailed record of a child’s choices and social interactions, the Director can determine the exact moment a child is ready for a new challenge.

This observational discipline is not passive; it is a sophisticated professional skill that ensures every child’s learning journey is individually tailored, never rushed, and never held back.

Dr Maria Montessori

“The teacher’s first duty is to watch over the environment, and this takes precedence over all the rest. Its influence is indirect, but unless it be well done there will be no effective and permanent results of any kind, physical, intellectual or spiritual.”

The Link to the Prepared Environment

Bridging Child, Environment, and Family

The Directress provides the vital link between the child and the Prepared Environment. They introduce the child to each piece of equipment at precisely the right moment — doing so in a way that is precise, clear, and enticing. This presentation is a professional art form: minimising words so the child can focus entirely on the logic of the material.

On a broader professional level, the educator serves as the essential link between the classroom and the parent. Through regular meetings and progress discussions, the Director helps parents understand how to support their child’s burgeoning independence at home — extending the Montessori experience beyond the classroom walls.

📋

Child ↔ Environment

Introducing each material at the precise moment of readiness, with a presentation that is clear, minimal, and purposeful.

🏠

Classroom ↔ Family

Regular parent meetings and progress discussions help families support their child’s independence and growth at home.

The Montessori Assistant

Supporting the Environment

The Directress is supported by a Montessori Assistant, whose role is foundational to the classroom’s success. The Assistant ensures the environment functions smoothly, allowing the Director to give each child the focused, uninterrupted attention they deserve.

🧹

Environmental Stewardship

Assisting with the daily preparation and maintenance of the materials to ensure they remain complete, orderly, and inviting for every child.

🤝

Group Facilitation

Managing the collective needs of the classroom so the Director can provide uninterrupted individual lessons to each child in their care.

🕊

Grace and Courtesy

Modelling the social norms of the community, ensuring the classroom atmosphere remains one of mutual respect, calm, and warmth.

Professional Attributes

Calm. Consistent. Courteous. Caring.

To be a successful Montessorian, one must embody specific professional standards — serving as an example to every child in the community. While the work requires significant technical skill, the most important attribute remains the profound love and respect held for each child’s total being.

Calm
Consistent
Courteous
Caring
Scientific Observer
Peaceful Leader

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori teacher training Australia, Montessori schools, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Classrooms

Montessori Education

The Montessori Prepared Environment

A Montessori classroom is specifically designed to meet the physical and psychological needs of the child at each stage of development. Far from a static space, the curriculum is embedded within the environment itself — through a carefully designed and sequenced range of hands-on learning materials and activities.

The beauty, order, and accessibility of the Montessori classroom serve to entice the child into activity. Guided by the Montessori teacher, the child explores these materials independently — and it is in this space of independence that true learning occurs. Because children engage with activities according to their individual interests and at their own pace, the learning experience becomes highly personalised.

These materials are crafted to stimulate logical thought and independent discovery, functioning as “keys” to the child’s development at each stage of life.

A Social Community

More Than a Classroom — A Vibrant Community

The three-year age range is a cornerstone of the Montessori social structure. To gain the full benefit of this social and academic evolution, children attend daily and remain for a full three-year cycle.

🤜

Peer Mentorship

Older children reinforce their own knowledge by teaching the younger ones, deepening understanding through the act of sharing it.

Inspiration

Younger children are naturally inspired toward more advanced work by observing their older peers in the same environment.

🌐

Co-operation

Each child works at their own pace, unhindered by competition and encouraged by a spirit of genuine co-operation and community.

The Three-Year Cycle

Understanding the Planes of Development

A defining feature of the Montessori environment is the multi-age grouping, typically spanning a three-year period. Unlike traditional grade levels that group children by a single birth year, Montessori recognises that development is not linear. Each grouping is designed to respond to the unique physical, social, and psychological characteristics of that specific stage of life — aligned with the Planes of Development identified by Dr Maria Montessori.

0–3 Years The Nido and Infant Community

Focuses on the development of movement, language, and the refinement of basic motor skills. The environment provides a secure “home-base” for the child’s first experiences of independence.

3–6 Years The Children’s House — The Absorbent Mind

Children at this age are sensory explorers, refining their coordination and social grace while building the foundations for literacy and numeracy.

6–12 Years Primary / Elementary — The Reasoning Mind

The focus shifts to the “Why” and “How” of the world. The multi-age setting allows for complex collaborative projects and the development of a moral compass.

12–18 Years Erdkinder / Secondary — Social Construction

Focuses on finding one’s place in the broader world, supporting the adolescent’s need for real-world contribution and economic independence.

Key Principles

What Defines the Prepared Environment

To maintain the integrity of the Prepared Environment, several core principles must be upheld by the Montessori educator at all times.

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Independence

The environment enables the child to become physically independent of the adult — building the confidence to choose and decide for themselves.

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Indirect Preparation

Activities are designed with a specific developmental aim, while also secretly preparing the child for future milestones — such as sensorial activities that build a foundation for later abstract mathematics.

Order

Order pervades the environment — both physical order in the placement of materials, and intangible order in the consistency and approach of the adults present.

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Choice & Freedom

The environment provides the freedom to choose, to work without interruption, and to follow one’s own rhythm — provided the child’s activity does not interfere with the rights and freedoms of others.

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Mixed Age Range

A non-negotiable element that creates a non-competitive atmosphere and directly prepares the child for living in a diverse society.

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Movement

The environment must allow for free movement so the child can bring themselves into contact with the people and things necessary for their own development.

Control of Error

Materials are designed so the child can recognise and correct their own mistakes, fostering the understanding that it is “all right to be wrong” and that mistakes are tools for learning.

The Role of the Adult

A Fundamental Part of the Environment

In a Montessori setting, the adult is considered a fundamental part of the environment. However, their role differs significantly from a teacher in a traditional classroom.

Rather than teaching in a top-down manner, the Montessori adult acts as a facilitator. Their goal is to empower the child to teach themselves — following the internal urges that lead the child to take exactly what they need from the people and things around them.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools Australia, Montessori teacher training, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Programmes

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Education Framework

Montessori Programmes

A full continuum of education from birth to eighteen years, grounded in Dr. Montessori’s understanding of how children naturally grow, learn and contribute to the world.

Plane 1  Birth–6 Plane 2  6–12 Plane 3  12–18 Plane 4  18–24

Montessori classrooms are multi-aged learning environments based on Dr. Montessori’s stage theory of human development. She believed that if education followed the natural development of the child, society would gradually move toward a higher level of co-operation, peace and harmony.

— Dr. Maria Montessori, The Four Planes of Development

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Birth to 3 Years · First Plane of Development

Infant & Toddler Programme

The most fundamental period of human development — forming intelligence, language and the core of personality.

During the first three years of life the child’s intelligence is formed. They acquire the culture and language into which they have been born. An understanding of this development allows environments to be prepared to foster independence, motor development and language acquisition.

Nido — Italian for ‘Nest’

The early childhood setting for children from eight weeks old to the developmental milestone of independent walking. Created especially to support working parents.

Infant Community

After children begin to walk, they join the toddler group where primary motor coordination, independence and language are cultivated — a nurturing community offering first structured contact with other children.

Parent-Infant / Parent-Toddler Programme

An environment where parents and children from 8 weeks to 3 years interact with the guidance of a trained Montessori educator. Parents learn to observe their children and understand what experiences to offer them.


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3 to 6 Years · First Plane of Development

Children’s House

Self-construction through purposeful work in a rich, prepared environment that brings the world to the child.

Montessori ‘school’ starts at three years of age. The pre-school environment serves the child’s drive for self-construction abundantly, bringing the world to them through globes, maps, songs, land forms and collections of cultural materials from around the world.

The four main curriculum areas
Practical Life

The link between the child’s home environment and the classroom. Precise movements build concentration, fine motor skills and confidence through a complete cycle of purposeful work — care of self, care of environment, and grace and courtesy.

Sensorial

Materials that isolate fundamental qualities perceived through the senses — colour, form, dimension, texture, temperature, pitch and weight — building perception and the foundation for abstract thought.

Language

Reading, writing, spelling and language are developed as one integrated process — from oral language and songs through sandpaper letters, the movable alphabet, and ultimately independent reading and storytelling.

Mathematics

Abstract ideas are reached through concrete materials. The golden bead material reveals numerical, geometrical and dimensional relationships within the decimal system — connecting geometry, algebra and arithmetic as they are in life.

Also includes Creative Arts, Music, Science, Geography and Cultural Studies. Offered in Montessori Early Learning Centres as part of a long day care format.


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6 to 12 Years · Second Plane of Development

Primary School

Research-style learning that sparks the imagination and connects children to the universe and their place within it.

The primary years incorporate either separate classrooms for Stage 2 (6–9) and Stage 3 (9–12), or a combined 6–12 classroom. Children work in small groups on projects that spark the imagination and engage the intellect — directed by trained Montessori teachers toward reasoning and the arts of life.

Lower Elementary — Stage 2 (6–9 Years)

Children are driven to understand the universe and their place in it. Studies span geography, biology, history, language, mathematics, science, music and art — all woven together through Montessori’s Great Lessons to foster connectedness to all humanity.

Upper Elementary — Stage 3 (9–12 Years)

Exploration deepens through trips to community resources — libraries, planetariums, botanical gardens, science centres and more. Children’s natural desire to contribute to the world is actively encouraged and celebrated.


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12 to 18 Years · Third Plane of Development

Secondary School

A programme built on the recognition of adolescence as a time of great social development, critical thinking and self-discovery.

The Montessori programme for 12 to 18 year olds is grounded in an understanding of adolescence as a period of critical thinking, re-evaluation and self-concern — a transition from childhood to adulthood with corresponding physical, mental and social maturation. Adolescence is like an odyssey: an arduous yet exciting adventure where the young person finds their place in the world.

Early Adolescence (12–15 Years)

A transition period where hands-on, experiential and community-based work anchors the adolescent as structured academic learning evolves. Real-world projects and contribution to society take centre stage.

Later Adolescence (15–18 Years)

The adolescent has a humanistic mind — eager to understand humanity and the contribution they can make to society. The programme supports this through academic rigour, creative thinking and self-directed study.

Cosmic Education

How does one satisfy but not diminish the child’s mind?
How does one bring order to vast knowledge?
How does one capitalise on the child’s imaginative tendencies?
How does one facilitate moral enquiry?

To meet these fundamental needs of the primary child Maria Montessori developed the concept of “Cosmic Education”.

“Since it has been … necessary to give so much to the child, let us give him a vision of the whole universe. The universe is an imposing reality, and an answer to all questions…. All things are part of the universe, and are connected with each other to form one whole unity. The idea helps the mind of the child to become focused, to stop wandering in an aimless quest for knowledge. He is satisfied having found the universal centre of himself with all things.”
(Maria Montessori, To Educate the Human Potential).

Cosmic education presents the universe as operating to a predetermined design in which all life, including humanity, has a part to play. Cosmic education allows children to develop a sense of awe and gratitude for the universe, their role in humanity and the work of people who came before them. Cosmic education begins with the story of the universe, through which the child sees the inter-relationship of all things. When the child is presented with the story of the universe, an overview, a set of first principles is established. This provides a context for the study of details. Studies are integrated and related to the whole. Different subjects are considered as interconnected, and are presented as such. For instance the history of Egypt is tied to the Nile, to geography, to art, to writing, to geometry – as in the 3-4-5 triangle used to survey following the floods – to flora and fauna and to papyrus, the writing paper used to record the history which was the point where we entered the chain.

Cosmic education provides a framework for all studies – subjects covered include mathematics, geometry, language, history, geography, biology, botany and science. Art, craft and music are also included in the program, and the child uses computers for research and presentation. Excursions which take the child out of his or her familiar environment into a variety of settings in the surrounding community are an essential means of learning for the child and are therefore an integral element in the program at this stage of development.

The Primary years are a great period of expansion, consolidation and intellectual growth. Having acquired a sound grasp of the basics in preschool, children are now ready and willing to acquire culture and to discover the world and their place in it. Their thirst for knowledge is such that by age 12 they will have been introduced to many of the areas of study usually reserved for the secondary years.

How it is Unique

Differences between Montessori and Traditional Education

Montessori EducationTraditional Education
Based on helping the natural development of the human beingBased on the transfer of a national curriculum
Children learn at their own pace and follow their own individual interestChildren learn from a set curriculum according to a time frame that is the same for everyone
Children teach themselves using materials specially prepared for the purposeChildren are taught by the teacher
Child is an active participant in learningChild is a passive participant in learning
Understanding comes through the child’s own experiences via the materials and the promotion of children’s ability to find things out for themselvesLearning is based on subjects and is limited to what is given
Learning is based on the fact that physical exploration and cognition are linkedChildren sit at desks and learn from a whiteboard and worksheets
Child can work where he/she is comfortable, move around and talk at will while not disturbing othersChild is usually assigned own chair and encouraged to sit still and listen during group sessions
The teacher works in collaboration with the childrenThe class is teacher led
The child’s individual development brings its own reward and therefore motivationMotivation is achieved by a system of reward and punishment
Environment and method encourage internal self-disciplineTeacher acts as primary enforcer of external discipline
Child works as long as he/she wishes on chosen projectChild generally given specific time limit for work
Uninterrupted work cyclesBlock time, period lessons
Mixed age groupsSame age groups
Working and learning matched to the social development of the childWorking and learning without emphasis on the social development of the child
Shared emphasis on intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual developmentMain emphasis on intellectual development
Shared focus on the acquisition of academic, social, practical and life skillsMain focus on academics

Glossary

Any science has it own vocabulary and terminology and the Montessori Method is no exception. Montessorians share a very specific set of references, references which of themselves are brief and succinct yet each one evokes the world of the child as described by Maria Montessori. 

Absorbent Mind

A mind able to absorb knowledge quickly and effortlessly. Montessori said the child from birth to six years has an absorbent mind.

Adaptation

Related to the idea of an absorbent mind (Haines, 1993) is a special power of the young child that can be called the power of adaptation. This power is a process whereby the young child uses the environment to develop and, in so doing, becomes a part of that environment. The young child absorbs the culture of her time and place, taking in all the spirit, the customs, the ambitions/aspirations and attitudes of a society simply by living in that society.

Analysis of Movement

A technique used by Montessori teachers. The adult, when showing a complex action to a child, breaks it down into its parts and shows one step at a time, executing each movement slowly and exactly. The action thus becomes a sequence of simple movements and the child has a greater chance of success when ‘given the liberty to make use of them.’ (Montessori, 1966, p. 108)

Children’s House

The English name for Montessori’s Casa dei Bambini (Italian). A place for children from 3-6 years to live and grow. Everything necessary for optimal human development is included in a safe and secure environment.

Classification

Sorting. Allocating or distributing according to common characteristics. The young child engages in classification activities because the process is essential for the construction of the intellect. The Montessori classroom offers many opportunities for classification.

Concentration

Recognising that ‘the longer one does attend to a topic the more mastery of it one has,’ the great American psychologist William James remarked, ‘An education which should improve this faculty would be the education par excellence.’ (1892/1985, p. 95) Montessori, who knew of James, set out to do just that. She believed that if environments could be prepared with ‘objects which correspond to…formative tendencies’ (1949/1967, p. 169) the child’s energy and interest would become focused on that aspect of the environment which corresponded to the developmental need.

Concrete to Abstract

A progression both logical and developmentally appropriate. The child is introduced first to a concrete material that embodies an abstract idea such as size or colour. Given hands-on experience, the child’s mind grasps the idea inherent in the material and forms an abstraction. Only as the child develops, is she gradually able to comprehend the same idea in symbolic form.

Control of Error

A way of providing instant feedback. Every Montessori activity provides the child with some way of assessing his own progress. This puts the control in the hands of the learner and protects the young child’s self-esteem and self-motivation. Control of error is an essential aspect of auto-education.

Coordination of Movement

One of the major accomplishments of early childhood. Through the child’s own effort, she wills herself to refine her muscular coordination and consequently acquires increasingly higher levels of independent functioning. Because of this developmental need, children are drawn to activities that involve movement and especially to those which demand a certain level of exactitude and precision.

Creativity/Imagination

Imagination involves the forming of a mental concept of what is not actually present to the senses. Creativity is a product of the imagination and results from the mental recombining of imagined ideas in new and inventive ways. Both are dependent on mental imagery formed through sensorial experience.

Cycle of Activity

Little children, when engaged in an activity which interests them, will repeat it many times and for no apparent reason, stopping suddenly only when the inner need which compelled the child to activity has been satisfied. To allow for the possibility of long and concentrated work cycles, Montessori advocates a three-hour uninterrupted work period.

Development of the Will

The ability to will, or choose to do something with conscious intent, develops gradually during the first phase of life and is strengthened through practice. The Montessori environment offers many opportunities for the child to choose. Willpower, or self-control, results from the many little choices of daily life in a Montessori school.

Deviations

Behaviour commonly seen in children that is the result of some obstacle to normal development. Such behaviour may be commonly understood as negative (a timid child, a destructive child, etc.) or positive (a passive, quiet child). Both positive and negative deviations disappear once the child begins to concentrate on a piece of work freely chosen.

Discipline from Within

Self-discipline. The discipline in a well-run Montessori classroom is not a result of the teacher’s control or of rewards or punishments. Its source comes from within each individual child, who can control his or her own actions and make positive choices regarding personal behaviour. Self-discipline is directly related to development of the will.

Exercises of Practical Life

One of the four areas of activities of the Montessori prepared environment. The exercises of Practical Life resemble the simple work of life in the home: sweeping, dusting, washing dishes, etc. These purposeful activities help the child adapt to his new community, learn self-control and begin to see himself as a contributing party of the social unit. His intellect grows as he works with his hands; his personality becomes integrated as body and mind function as a unit.

False Fatigue

A phenomenon observed in Children’s Houses around the world-often at approximately 10 a.m. The children seem to lose interest in work, their behaviour becomes disorderly and the noise level rises. It may appear as if the children are tired. However, if the Montessori Educator understands this is simply false fatigue, they will return to work on their own and their work will be at an even higher level than before.

Grace and Courtesy

An aspect of Practical Life. Little lessons which demonstrate positive social behaviour help the young child adapt to life in a group and arm her with knowledge of socially acceptable behaviour: practical information, useful both in and out of school.

Help from Periphery

The periphery is that part of the child that comes into contact with external reality. The child takes in impressions through the senses and through movement. Help from the periphery means presenting objects and activities in such a way so as to evoke purposeful movement on the part of the child. ‘We never give to the eye more than we give to the hand.’ (Standing, 1957, p. 237)

Human Tendencies

A central tenet of Montessori philosophy is that human beings exhibit certain predispositions that are universal, spanning age, cultural and racial barriers; they have existed since the dawn of the species and are probably evolutionary in origin. ‘Montessori stresses the need to serve those special traits that have proved to be tendencies of Man throughout his history.’ (Mario Montessori, 1966, p. 21)

Independence

Not depending on another‚ with various shades of meaning.’ (OED, p. 836) Normal developmental milestones such as weaning, walking, talking, etc. can be seen as a series of events which enable the child to achieve increased individuation, autonomy and self-regulation. Throughout the four planes of development, the child and young adult continuously seek to become more independent. It is as if the child says, Help me to help myself.

Indirect Preparation

The way nature has of preparing the intelligence. In every action, there is a conscious interest. Through this interest, the mind is being prepared for something in the future. For example, a young child will enjoy the putting together of various triangular shapes, totally unaware that because of this work his mind will later be more accepting of geometry. Also called remote preparation. the deeper educational purpose of many Montessori activities is remote in time.

Indirect Presentation

Because of the absorbent nature of the young child’s mind, every action or event can be seen as a lesson. It is understood that children learn by watching other children work or by overseeing a lesson given to another. In the same way, they quickly absorb the behaviour patterns and the language used by the family, the neighborhood children and even TV.

Isolation of a Difficulty

Before giving a presentation, the Montessori teacher analyses the activity she wants to show to the child. Procedures or movements that might prove troublesome are isolated and taught to the child separately. For example, holding and snipping with scissors, a simple movement, is shown before cutting curved or zigzag lines; folding cloths is shown before table washing, an activity requiring folding. A task should neither be so hard that it is overwhelming, nor so easy that it is boring.

Language Appreciation

From the very first days in the Montessori classroom, children are given the opportunity to listen to true stories about known subjects, told with great expression. Songs, poems and rhymes are a part of the daily life of the class. The teacher models the art of conversation and respectfully listens to her young students. Looking at beautiful books with lovely, realistic pictures is also a part of language appreciation.

Learning Explosions

Human development is often not slow and steady; acquisitions seem to arrive suddenly, almost overnight, and with explosive impact. Such learning explosions are the sudden outward manifestation of a long process of internal growth. For example, the explosion of spoken language around two years of age is the result of many months of inner preparation and mental development.

Mathematical Mind

All babies are born with mathematical minds, that is, they have a propensity to learn things which enhance their ability to be exact and orderly, to observe, compare, and classify. Humans naturally tend to calculate, measure, reason, abstract, imagine and create. But this vital part of intelligence must be given help and direction for it to develop and function. If mathematics is not part of the young child’s experience, his subconscious mind will not be accepting of it at a later date.

Maximum Effort

Children seem to enjoy difficult work, work which tests their abilities and provides a sense of their growing power. They exult in giving their maximum effort. For example, a tiny child will struggle to carry a tray with juice glasses or push a heavy wheelbarrow whereas school-age children, if allowed to make up their own problems will prefer to sink their teeth into a challenging equation (I + 2 + 3 + 4… + 10)2 rather than drill on 3 + 5 = … and 6 + 2 = … .

Mixed Ages

One of the hallmarks of the Montessori method is that children of mixed ages work together in the same class. Age groupings are based on developmental planes. Children from 3-6 years of age are together in the Children’s House; 6-9 year olds share the lower elementary and the upper elementary is made up of 9-12 year olds. Because the work is individual, children progress at their own pace; there is cooperation rather than competition between the ages.

Normalisation

If young children are repeatedly able to experience periods of spontaneous concentration on a piece of work freely chosen, they will begin to display the characteristics of normal development: a love of work, an attachment to reality, and a love of silence and working alone. Normalised children are happier children: enthusiastic, generous, and helpful to others. They make constructive work choices and their work reflects their level of development.

Obedience

Obedience is an act of will and develops gradually, showing itself ‘unexpectedly at the end of a long process of maturation.’ (Montessori, 1967, p. 257) While this inner development is going on, little children may obey occasionally, but be completely unable to obey consistently. As their will develops through the exercise of free choice, children begin to have the self-discipline or self-control necessary for obedience.

Points of Interest

Montessori realised that if children spent too long a time on a complex task or failed to master the necessary details, the exercise would cease to interest them. Therefore she suggested that points of interest be interspersed throughout each activity. These points guide the child toward his or her goal and stimulate repetition and interest by offering immediate feedback, or what Montessori called control of error. The child’s performance becomes refined through trial and error, the points of interest acting as signposts along the path to success.

Prepared Environment

The Montessori classroom is an environment prepared by the adult for children. It contains all the essentials for optimal development but nothing superfluous. Attributes of a prepared environment include order and reality, beauty and simplicity. Everything is child-sized to enhance the children’s independent functioning. A trained adult and a large enough group of children of mixed ages make up a vital part of the prepared environment.

Presentation

The adult in a Montessori environment does not teach in the traditional sense. Rather she shows the child how to use the various objects and then leaves her free to explore and experiment. This act of showing is called a presentation. To be effective, it must be done slowly and exactly, step by step, and with a minimum of words.

Psychic Embryo

The first three years of life is a period of mental creation, just as the 9 months in utero is a period of physical creation. The brain awaits experience in the environment to flesh out the genetic blueprint. Since so much mental development occurs after birth, Montessori called the human infant a psychic embryo.

Repetition

The young child’s work is very different from the adult’s. When an adult works, he sets out to accomplish some goal and stops working when the object has been achieved. A child, however, does not work to accomplish an external goal but rather an internal one. Consequently, she will repeat an activity until the inner goal is accomplished. The unconscious urge to repeat helps the child to coordinate a movement or acquire some ability.

Sensitive Periods

Young children experience transient periods of sensibility, and are intrinsically motivated or urged to activity by specific sensitivities. A child in a sensitive period is believed to exhibit spontaneous concentration when engaged in an activity that matches a particular sensitivity. For example, children in a sensitive period for order will be drawn to activities that involve ordering. They will be observed choosing such activities and becoming deeply concentrated, sometimes repeating the activity over and over, without external reward or encouragement. Young children are naturally drawn towards those specific aspects of the environment which meet their developmental needs.

Sensorial Materials

The sensorial materials were created to help young children in the process of creating and organising their intelligence. Each scientifically designed material isolates a quality found in the world such as colour, size, shape, etc. and this isolation focuses the attention on this one aspect. The child, through repeated manipulation of these objects, comes to form clear ideas or abstractions. What could not be explained by words, the child learns by experience working with the sensorial materials.

Simple to Complex

A principle used in the sequence of presentations in a Montessori classroom. Children are first introduced to a concept or idea in its simplest form. As they progress and become capable of making more complex connections, they are eventually able to handle information that is less isolated.

Socialisation

‘The process by which the individual acquires the knowledge and dispositions that enable him to participate as an effective member of a social group and a given social order.’ (Osterkorn, 1980, p. 12) ‘Optimal social learning takes place when the children are at different ages.’ (Hellbr_gge, 1979, p. 14)

Sound Games

Many children know the alphabet but have not analysed the sounds in words nor are they aware that words are made up of separate sounds (phonemic awareness). From the age of two (or as soon as the child is speaking fluently), sound games can make them aware of the sounds in words. In England, they use the nursery game “I Spy.” The sound of the letter and not the letter name is pronounced.

Three-Hour Work Cycle

Through years of observation around the world, Montessori came to understand that children, when left in freedom, displayed a distinct work cycle which was so predictable it could even be graphed. This cycle, with two peaks and one valley, lasted approximately three hours. In Montessori schools children have three hours of open, uninterrupted time to choose independent work, become deeply engaged, and repeat to their own satisfaction.

Vocabulary Enrichment

The young child’s vocabulary increases exponentially in the years from 3-6. To feed this natural hunger for words, vocabulary is given: the names of biology, geometry, geography, and so forth, can be learned as well as the names of qualities found in the Sensorial Material. The child’s absorbent mind takes in all these new words ‘rapidly and brilliantly.’ (Montessori, 1946, p. 10)

Work

From an evolutionary perspective, the long period of childhood exists so children can learn and experiment in a relatively pressure-free environment. Most social scientists refer to this pressure-free experimentation as play (e.g., see Groos, 1901), although Montessori preferred to call this activity the work of childhood. Children certainly are serious when engaged in the kind of play that meets developmental needs and, given freedom and time, will choose purposeful activities over frivolous make-believe ones.

The Glossary of Montessori Terms presented here relates to the theory and practice for the primary (3-6) level. It was prepared by Annette Haines at the request of Molly O’Shaughnessy to accompany her lecture at the Joint Annual Refresher Course, held in Tampa, Florida in February 2001. 

Membership (International)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: INTERNATIONAL PROVIDER MEMBERSHIP

Montessori International Schools and Centres member benefits: 

PROMOTIONS

PUBLICATIONS 

  • A subscription to our annual Montessori Insights eMagazine
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eArticle
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eBulletin
  • Member-only access to the back library of all publications
  • All publications may be shared to your staff and parents

DISCOUNTS 

CURRICULUM SUPPORT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES

  • License for the Montessori National Curriculum*
  • Montessori Early Years Learning Programme e-poster
  • Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook
  • Montessori Australia membership e-poster and logo

* Continued membership required for continued use

JOIN ONLINE AND PAY BY CREDIT CARD USING THE ADD TO CART BUTTON

(Note: if there are any issues with the online payment, please select Australia as your country).

Founding Principles

Centralised and Streamlined

In order for Montessori to achieve its potential, there needs to be a centralised access point for Montessori service provision in Australia. In short, we need to simplify and demystify Montessori for schools, parents, educators, government and outside agencies. In the past there was enormous duplication of effort as individual schools produced essentially the same documents, faced the same compliance challenges, and attempted to develop the same resources. Montessori Australia is working to provide all these resources centrally.

Visionary and Altruistic

Given the underlying aims of the Montessori movement, we believe a well structured benevolent organisation is a key to providing support for the work of raising public awareness of Montessori. Our prime aim is to make as widely available as possible the fundamental principles of human development and supporting practices to as many people as possible. “Aid to Life” remains the single most defining statement of Montessori purpose and guides all our endeavours.

Service Provision for All Montessorians and All Children

We see it is as fundamental that services be made available as widely as possible to all Montessorians. We further seek to work collaboratively with the major Montessori training organisations in Australia and to represent Montessori to government and outside agencies with one voice. We actively communicate with all Montessori organisations in Australia. In addition, we continue to create a network of collaboration with a wide variety of international Montessori organisations. Our ultimate focus is to champion the cause of all children.

Professional Staff, Resources and Infrastructure

While volunteers will continue to play an important part in our organisation, we have made the quantum leap and put in place professional staff, resources and infrastructure. Professionally implemented and staffed initiatives will assist us to meet current challenges and to advance the Montessori movement.

For Providers

Montessori Education Providers

Creating life long learners

Curriculum

Recognised as a alternative national curriculum framework by ACARA

Montessori National Curriculum

Official Recognition — December 2025

ACARA Recognition of the Montessori National Curriculum

Montessori Australia has received official notification from ACARA that the Montessori National Curriculum (MNC) has been recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework to be included on ACARA’s Recognition Register.

This is a significant achievement and has positive implications for everyone working in Montessori classrooms, not only in Australia but also worldwide. ACARA established a very rigorous recognition process to determine the extent to which a well-established alternative national curriculum can deliver comparable educational outcomes for students to those based on the Australian National Curriculum.

ACARA have advised that our curriculum aligns with the Mparntwe Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, meets the principles and guidelines in relation to the Shape of the Australian Curriculum v9, and allows for comparable educational outcomes in the following learning areas by the end of Year 10:

1

English

2

Mathematics

3

Science and History

4

The Arts

5

Health and Physical Education

6

Technologies, Digital and Design

The recognition further acknowledges our different approach to learning, and notes the role of Montessori pedagogy, materials and activities in delivering the curriculum.

Now Available — ACARA v9

MNC to ACARA Mapping Documents

Organisation members can download the full alignment tables showing exactly how each Montessori curriculum area maps to Australian Curriculum v9 content descriptors — across all six learning areas and all planes of development.

Access Mapping Documents →

Accessing the Curriculum

The 2025 version of the Montessori National Curriculum is available via licence to current member Montessori schools and centres. We encourage you to explore the curriculum and our online portal. In addition to the updated curriculum, the portal provides Montessori centres, schools and practitioners with links to support material, videos and other relevant information.

International schools requiring accreditation in their country may join as an international member to access the Montessori National Curriculum. Contact info@montessori.org.au for details.

A note for parents

The Montessori National Curriculum document is not intended as a parent document, but has been designed for a Montessori classroom environment, where there is a full complement of Montessori materials, a multi-aged classroom of children, and trained Montessori educators.

Parents who are wanting to create a Montessori home-school environment are encouraged to attend workshops and training courses that can support the use of the MNC within the home-school environment. Please reach out to info@montessori.org.au with any enquiries.

Montessori Early Years Programme

Under the National Law and Regulations, early childhood education and care services are required to base their educational program on an approved learning framework. This should focus on addressing the developmental needs, interests and experiences of each child, while taking into account individual differences.

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF) is the approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework for young children from birth to five years of age.

Montessori Australia has developed a poster that visually articulates the mapping of the Montessori curriculum against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

Click here to purchase the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP) poster from our online shop.

Please note: The MEYLP poster is subject to copyright and can not be reproduced without the prior consent of Montessori Australia.

Montessori Australia members are provided a PDF copy of the MEYLP poster.

Montessori and the National Quality Agenda

The governments National Quality Agenda is an important set of reforms for the Early Childhood Education and Care sector. Changes include the National Quality Standards, the Early Years Learning Framework and other regulations for service provision.

Montessori Australia recommends a number of commercially available professional resources, including:

Montessori and the National Quality Standards

This document looks at each individual standard and element of the 7 quality areas in relation to a Montessori environment and in context of what the Authorised Officer may observe, discuss and sight during an Assessment visit.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-nqs

Montessori National Curriculum and the EYLF

A high-gloss poster that visually maps the Montessori National Curriculum for children under 6 years of age against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

The poster is available in A4 and A3 through Montessori Australia’s online store.

Montessori and the EYLF

This document articulates how Montessori practice fits the principles, practice and outcomes of the EYLF.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-eylf

Bridging the Gap

This document gives an analysis of the most likely areas where an Authorised Officer may find Montessori Practice and other settings diverge. It provides strategies on how to “bridge the gap” of understanding.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/bridging-the-gap-between-mont…

Montessori Registered™

Montessori Registered™

Authentic Montessori Practice, Verified

Australia’s national quality assurance program for Montessori education.
Supporting authentic Montessori practice with ACARA recognized curriculum
for early childhood centres, schools, and professional development across Australia.

ACARA Recognized National Curriculum

Discover MQ:AP Program

What Is Montessori Registered™?

Supporting Reflective Development

Montessori Registered™ is Australia’s national quality assurance program for Montessori schools and centres. Developed by Montessori Australia, the national peak body for Montessori education since 2007, it helps services reflect, improve, and maintain authentic Montessori practice through clear standards, guidelines, and professional support.


  • ACARA recognized Montessori National Curriculum

  • Continuous reflective development model

  • Professional Montessori teacher training support

  • Quality assurance for families and stakeholders

  • Networking and professional mentoring

Core Philosophy

“Education as an aid to life” – believing children are born with amazing potentialities and deserve support to maximize these through appropriate learning environments based on Maria Montessori philosophy.

Our Mission

Supporting Montessori education and adult care across Australia, maintaining ACARA recognition as an alternative national curriculum framework while supporting authentic practice.

MQ:AP Six-Step Process

The Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program guides Australian Montessori centres
through a comprehensive quality improvement journey.

1

Explore

Explore the MQ:AP website and program information to understand the quality framework for authentic Montessori practice.

2

Select

Select a guide from your staff to attend the Authentic Practice Guide training and lead your program.

3

Submit

Submit the online Self Assessment Application to begin your quality improvement journey.

4

Develop

Develop an Action Plan and submit Annual Updates against the plan for continuous improvement.

5

Option A

Supporting Reflective Development and Self-assessment pathway for quality assurance.

6

Option B

Supporting Reflective Development, Self-assessment and verifying visit for comprehensive validation.

MQ:AP Program Statuses

Four clear stages of progression for Montessori schools Australia
participating in our quality assurance program.

Qualify to Apply

Initial Assessment Stage

Education services evaluating their readiness to begin the MQ:AP quality improvement journey and preparing for authentic Montessori practice assessment.

MQ:AP Applied

Enrolled on the MQ:AP Program

Education services that have committed to the quality improvement journey and are beginning their authentic Montessori practice assessment.

MQ:AP Participating

Engaged with Trained Guides

Services actively undertaking self-assessment with trained guides, working towards meeting Montessori standards and quality frameworks.

Montessori Registered™

Meeting Montessori Standards

Services that have completed all steps and meet the majority of Montessori Standards, demonstrating excellence in early childhood education Montessori practice.

Why Should Your Education Service Participate?

Australian Quality Movement

Join an Australian movement where Montessori Standards and Guidelines support positive growth and development of Montessori education services nationwide.

National Quality Framework Alignment

Address National Reform and National Quality Standards through integrated continuous improvement, clarifying Montessori curriculum ACARA compliance.

Streamlined Self-Assessment

Benefit from streamlined, self-assessment based processes that aid services while maintaining compliance with ACECQA and State Education Departments.

Professional Development Support

Access comprehensive Montessori professional development opportunities, networking, and mentoring through Montessori Australia.

Program Objectives


  • Promote confidence in providing authentic Montessori practice for children and families throughout Australia

  • Support staff to create a culture of continuous reflection leading to quality outcomes

  • Elevate recognition of Montessori’s contribution to quality education and care within government

  • Support leadership with National Quality Framework compliance for accountability and professionalism

For Families Choosing Montessori

The focus of MQ:AP ensures authentic Montessori practice through continuous, reflective development. It provides standards and guidelines supported by professional development models.

Important Note: “Montessori” is not trademarked, so any education service can include the word in its name. MQ:AP helps families identify services committed to authentic practice based on Maria Montessori philosophy.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is MQ:AP and why was it redesigned?

Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) is the redesigned version of the original Montessori Quality Assurance Programme from 2007. It was reviewed and reengineered in 2021 to meet current industry practice, progressing standards and creating a sustainable support network for Montessori education services across Australia.

What is a MAP Guide and what role do they play?

A Montessori Authentic Practice Guide (MAP Guide) is a staff member from your education service, selected by the service leader, who takes responsibility for facilitating the quality improvement process. MAP Guides are crucial to the success of MQ:AP ‘Supporting Reflective Practice’ and must have foundational skills in Montessori principles, pedagogy and practice. They undergo intensive training and work to develop confidential, trusting relationships with staff.

How has the assessment process changed?

MQ:AP has shifted from auditing for assurance to self-assessments with verification. This aligns with Early Childhood/Long Day services implementing self-assessments with the National Quality Standard (NQS), and reflects the individual improvement journey of each service rather than comparative ratings. This approach reduces costs while maintaining quality assurance for authentic Montessori practice.

What are the six quality standards in MQ:AP?

MQ:AP expanded from four to six standards using an integrated systems approach:

  • The Customer: The Child – Ensuring Montessori’s focus on the child is clearly prioritized
  • The Prepared Adult: Educators and Guides
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Educational Program
  • The Stakeholders: Families, Communities, and Government
  • Governance, Leadership, and Admissions – Enhanced to highlight leadership’s crucial role

How does MQ:AP align with Australian education requirements?

MQ:AP recognizes the rigorous Quality Improvement Process for Early Childhood services and links with registration and accreditation processes for Australian schools. The color coding of standards aligns with the Australian NQS, making it easy for educators and guides to link Authentic Practice Guidelines with current Early Childhood service requirements. This creates streamlined support for compliance while maintaining Montessori curriculum ACARA recognition.

What training is required for MAP Guides?

MAP Guides must complete a two-day foundation training program covering MQ:AP Standards and Guidelines and reflective practice. This intensive training is offered as a series of seminars and ensures guides are committed to making the process supportive and positive for everyone involved. MAP Guides are selected and approved by their employer to serve their organization.

Who are considered stakeholders in the MQ:AP framework?

Stakeholders include staff, families, and the broader community (including government). Recent American Montessori research has highlighted stakeholders as integral parts of the organizational structure and system. This comprehensive approach ensures all parties invested in the child’s education are considered in the quality improvement process.

Where can I access MQ:AP resources and information?

The MQ:AP Standards and Guidelines and self-assessment processes are available on the Montessori Australia website for schools, centres, educators, and families to access. MAP Guides also have access to the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice Portal with specialized resources for their role.

Ready to Begin Your Quality Journey?

Join the national movement supporting authentic Montessori practice
and Montessori teacher training excellence across Australia.

Program Information

info@montessori.org.au

Montessori Australia

5-6/50 Gateway Drive
Noosaville QLD 4566

Apply Now for MQ:AP


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Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia

Training Centres

 

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child’s stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals.  A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori teacher training centres in Australia:

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognised qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. Montessori and Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA) Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course (ASQA). 

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent (12-18 years of age) courses.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher’s circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction Course in Montessori Education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators. 

Montessori Training Options

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Providers · Training Centres

Montessori Training

Qualifications and pathways for Montessori educators at every level — from birth through to secondary — across Australia.

Becoming a Montessori Educator

Montessori programmes cater for children from birth to eighteen years and are delivered in early childhood and school settings across Australia.

In most cases educators hold qualifications for their age range — early childhood (0–6), primary (6–12), or secondary (12–18) — alongside specialised Montessori training.

 

Watch: Why Become a Montessori Teacher?

Early Childhood
Birth – 6 years
Primary
6 – 12 years
Secondary
12 – 18 years

Montessori Training Centres in Australia

Registered training organisations offering nationally recognised Montessori qualifications.

Montessori Training Australia
Montessori Training Australia
Online introductory courses. Flexible, self-paced, endorsed by Montessori Australia.

Learn More →

Australian Montessori Training Institute
Australian Montessori Training Institute
MACTE-accredited. Online, face-to-face, and school residency programmes across all age levels.

Learn More →

MECTA
Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia
ASQA-accredited Diploma. Classroom-based training in Queensland.

Learn More →

Montessori Institute
Montessori Institute
Australia’s largest Montessori RTO. Nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL & TEQSA. Est. 1983.

Learn More →

Sydney Montessori Training Centre
Sydney Montessori Training Centre
Australia’s only AMI-authorised training centre. Internationally recognised Montessori Diplomas across all ages.

Learn More →

Early Childhood Educator Qualifications

The National Quality Framework (NQF) sets minimum qualification requirements, administered by ACECQA.

1

Certificate III Educator
Foundation qualification for working in early childhood services.

2

Diploma Level Educator
Advanced qualification to lead and manage early childhood programs.

3

Early Childhood Teacher (ECT)
University-level qualification for lead teaching roles.

Check the ACECQA Qualifications List for approved Montessori courses.

Primary & Secondary Educator Qualifications

Montessori primary and secondary educators require recognised teaching qualifications alongside specialised Montessori training.

6–12

Primary Educator
Montessori primary training plus a teaching degree and state/territory registration — typically a 4-year Bachelor of Education.

12–18

Secondary Educator
Currently no domestic training at this level. Courses listed on the AMI website or via AMTI.

Find your local regulatory authority via AITSL.

Overseas Qualification Holders

Overseas early childhood or Montessori qualifications are generally not recognised in Australia and must be assessed individually by ACECQA. You may need to undertake Australian early childhood qualifications.

Montessori Training Australia

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Montessori Training Australia
AMTI DEVELOPED MA ENDORSED

Montessori Training. Online.

Every course comes with a Montessori Australia endorsed certificate upon completion. Developed by AMTI, delivered 100% online and self-paced — for educators, assistants and families across Australia.

25+
Online Courses
100%
Self-Paced
20%
MA Member Saving
ABOUT MTA

Australia’s Leading Online Montessori Training Platform

Montessori Training Australia (MTA) is an online training platform developed by the Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) and fully endorsed by Montessori Australia. With more than 25 structured courses, MTA provides a clear pathway from foundational introduction through to nationally recognised Diploma training — delivered through video, interactive modules, and guided study.

Every completed course comes with a Montessori Australia endorsed certificate. Courses are 100% online and self-paced, designed for busy educators, classroom assistants and families across Australia and beyond.

FIND YOUR COURSE

There’s a course designed for you

Whether you’re new to Montessori or deepening years of practice, every course is built around where you are right now.

For Families
FAMILIES

For Families

Understand your child’s Montessori environment or bring the approach home with accessible introduction and home school resources.

Start with MTA011 →
For Assistants
CLASSROOM ASSISTANTS

For Assistants

Working or volunteering in a Montessori setting? Quickly understand the philosophy, environment, and your role in practice.

Start with MTA0225 →
For Educators
EDUCATORS & DIRECTORS

For Educators

Endorsed professional development, certification, and a clear pathway toward nationally recognised Montessori Diploma training.

Start with MTA055 →
PROFESSIONAL LEARNING PATHWAY

Montessori Professional Learning Packages

Flagship endorsed courses for educators entering or growing within Montessori early childhood environments across Australia.

Introduction to Montessori Education
MTA011 · 4 Modules $220

Introduction to Montessori Education

Introduces the history of Montessori education and key foundational theories and practices. Perfect for families and anyone beginning their Montessori journey.

Enrol Now →
Montessori Professional Learning Package
MTA033 · 6 Modules $410

Montessori Professional Learning Package

A complete introduction to Montessori history, theories, practices, and pedagogy. Ideal for educators already in a Montessori environment.

Enrol Now →
Endorsed MPLP With Certification
MTA055 · 6 Modules WITH CERTIFICATION
$660

Endorsed MPLP — With Certification

Comprehensive Montessori history, theories, and pedagogy. Includes a Montessori Australia endorsed Certificate of Completion on assessment.

Enrol Now →
Endorsed MPLP With Certification and Consultation
MTA077 · 6 Modules + 2HR CONSULTATION
$790

Endorsed MPLP — With Certification & Consultation

All the depth of MTA055, plus two hours of personal consultation with a Montessori trainer for guided, individualised support.

Enrol Now →

Also available: MTA038 Elementary & Adolescent Focus ($380)  ·  MTA0900 A2Z Home School Set ($125)

View All Courses →
SPECIALIST TRAINING

Specialist Courses

Targeted, self-paced modules covering key aspects of Montessori practice — including compulsory AMTI Diploma pathway modules.

The Role of the Assistant
MTA0225 · 8 Hrs $189

The Role of the Assistant

For adults with no prior Montessori knowledge working or volunteering in a Montessori classroom for any age group.

Enrol Now →
The Baby and the Butterfly
MTA0335 AMTI DIPLOMA MODULE
$189

The Baby and the Butterfly

An overview of human development from birth to adulthood. Compulsory across all AMTI Diploma training levels.

Enrol Now →
Superpowers of Young Children
MTA0445 AMTI DIPLOMA MODULE
$189

Superpowers of Young Children

Montessori’s theory of mind — the Absorbent Mind in the First Plane versus the Reasoning Mind of older children.

Enrol Now →
MA MEMBER BENEFIT

Montessori Australia Members Save 20%

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Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

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AMTI — Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited · Montessori Australia Affiliate

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

Accessible, affordable, and internationally accredited Montessori training — from birth through adolescence and adult care.

MACTE Accredited
Montessori Australia Affiliate

Australian
Based & Online

5
Course Streams

0–18+
Age Range

MACTE
Accredited
Internationally recognised

About AMTI

The Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) is committed to providing quality Montessori training courses — accessible, affordable, and flexible — to the Montessori community and those seeking qualification in the Montessori Method.

AMTI offers individual training, school residency programs, and centre support services, with all courses designed to lead to MACTE teacher training accreditation — the world standard for Montessori teacher training.

Training is available via hybrid learning (online and face-to-face), in formats that fit around your life. AMTI is a proud Affiliate of Montessori Australia.

AMTI educator with student

Internationally Accredited Montessori Teacher and Educator Courses and School Residency Programs

A full spectrum of Montessori training — from Infant Toddler through to Adolescent and Adult Care. Hybrid delivery. Flexible study. MACTE accredited.

0–3 Infant Toddler Courses

0 – 3 Years
Infant Toddler

Montessori Infant Toddler Studies

Certificate and Diploma-level training for educators working with children from birth to three years. Covers Montessori philosophy, prepared environments, and practical care approaches for the earliest years of development.

Certificate AMTIAU1A
Diploma AMTIAU1B

Learn More

2.5–6 Early Childhood Courses

2.5 – 6 Years
Early Childhood
MACTE Available

Montessori Early Childhood Studies

Three pathways including the flagship MACTE-accredited Diploma — the international standard for Montessori teacher training. Covers all aspects of the 2.5–6 Montessori environment, materials, and child development.

Certificate AMTIAU2A
Diploma AMTIAU2B
MACTE Diploma AMTIAU2C

Learn More

6–12 Elementary Courses

6 – 12 Years
Coming Soon

Montessori Elementary Studies

A MACTE-accredited Diploma for the 6–12 elementary environment is in development. AMTI’s 6–12 program uses an innovative school residency model — training is delivered within your school or cluster of schools.

MACTE Diploma AMTIAU3C — Coming Soon
Learn More

Adolescent Montessori Training

12 – 18 Years
Adolescent

Montessori Adolescent Studies

AMTI is the only Australian provider offering Montessori adolescent training. The Diploma prepares educators to guide students in the 12–18 environment, with a focus on Erdkinder principles and real-world learning experiences.

Diploma AMTIAU4B
Learn More

Montessori Adult Care

Adult Care
Aged Care

Montessori Adult Care

Bringing Montessori principles to aged care and adult support services. Available as an audited face-to-face Diploma or fully online — supporting carers and organisations to create purposeful, dignified environments for older adults.

Audited Diploma AMTIAU8A
Online Diploma AMTIAU8B

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How AMTI Supports Educators, Schools & Centres

Flexible, targeted training and support — wherever you are in your Montessori journey.

Individuals
Affordable online and face-to-face courses that fit around your work and life. Beginner-friendly through to advanced MACTE accreditation.

Schools
School residency programs, strategy support, coaching for leaders and educators, implementation reviews, and field-tested assessment tools.

Centres
Centre start-up and strategy support, professional learning, coaching, and Montessori implementation reviews for early childhood services.

AMTI

Ready to get started?

Contact AMTI to discuss courses, enrolment options, and how their flexible training programs can fit your career goals.

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

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MECTA

RTO 32075 · Australian Based

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia

A specialist training college shaping the future of early childhood education — with authentic, accredited courses that blend theory with hands-on learning.

Member of Montessori Australia

Australian
Based

2
Accredited Courses

0–6
Years Specialisation

Short Courses &
Professional Development
Also available

About MECTA

MECTA is a specialist training college dedicated to early childhood education, offering a unique classroom-based learning experience backed by fully qualified, experienced trainers.

Located in Forest Lake, Queensland, MECTA operates from a purpose-built, stand-alone training facility complete with a fully equipped classroom and a dedicated student lounge for independent study.

Trainers are hand-picked for their ability to support all learning styles — ensuring every student can progress and thrive in their own way, in small group environments.

Early childhood educator at MECTA

Nationally Accredited Courses

A thoughtful balance of theory and practice in small group environments — recognised nationally across Australia.


Certificate III in Montessori Early Childhood Education

Nationally Accredited
Montessori

Certificate III in Montessori Early Childhood Education

11024NAT

A foundational Montessori course covering theory and practice for children aged 0–6 years.

$4,500
Learn More

Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education

Nationally Accredited
Montessori

Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education

11206NAT

Comprehensive study of theory and practical skills to deliver an authentic Montessori program for children aged 0–6 years, equipping graduates for all early childhood settings.

$9,900
Learn More

Self-Paced Short Courses

Flexible learning. Anytime. Anywhere. Perfect for educators looking to deepen Montessori knowledge at their own pace.

Introduction to the Prepared Environment
3 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Montessori Philosophy
3 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Planes of Development
2 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Role of the Montessori Guide
3 hours · $25.00

Ready to get started?

Contact MECTA directly to discuss courses, enrolment, and how they can support your career in early childhood education.

Montessori Institute

Montessori Institute

As the largest Montessori training organisation in Australia, the Montessori Institute offers flexible, nationally recognised, Early Childhood and Primary teacher registration qualifications, alongside Diploma and Certificate level qualifications. They also provide professional development and education for schools, childcare centres and the wider community, with which they we have built strong relationships over forty years. Their ACECQA (early childhood regulator) and AITSL (teacher registration regulator) accredited courses are delivered via a blend of external, online study and intensive face to face workshops, Australia wide.

Incorporated in 1983, the Montessori Institute is a not-for-profit organisation and an accredited Higher Education Provider with the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Authority (TEQSA). They have dedicated their work to develop and present world class Montessori courses and workshops, to both students and non-students.

Graduate Diploma of Education (Montessori) 3-6 years or 6-12 years focus. Recognised nationally as a teaching qualification, this course enables students to become registered teachers in their State. It is AITSL and ACECQA listed.

Diploma of Early Childhood and Primary Education (Montessori) 0-3, 3-6 or 6-12 years focus. This course enables registered teachers to gain Montessori curriculum knowledge for their classroom. It is ACECQA listed as an Early Childhood qualification (0-3 and 3-6 focus). The Diploma also qualifies non registered teachers to work as education assistants in schools or as room leaders/supervisors in a child care centre.

Certificate in Montessori Studies 0-5 or 3-6. Ideal for students who already hold a Certificate III or Diploma level qualification, but want to obtain Montessori curriculum knowledge for use in child care centres.

Diploma of Montessori Leadership and Practice. Ideal for principals or Montessori centre managers who wish to gain an understanding of Montessori theory, philosophy and curriculum.

Visit their website www.mwei.edu.au for further details.

PDF icon Graduate Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Certificate Brochure

PDF icon Leadership Brochure

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

Sydney Montessori Training Centre (SMTC) is a national organisation committed to providing quality training to the Montessori community and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori method. 

SMTC is authorised to deliver Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori courses. AMI was established by Maria Montessori and affiliates training centres around the world. AMI courses are recognised internationally for their authenticity and quality.

SMTC offer AMI training courses in the following:

  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 0-3 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori Foundation Course

Click here to visit their website for further details.

Montessori Materials

“Nothing goes into the mind that does not first go through the hands.”
Dr. Maria Montessori

The Montessori materials, embody the learning curriculum and are designed to stimulate the child into logical thought and independent discovery. The Montessori teacher shows the child how to use the materials independently and the child engages with them, at their own pace and in accordance with their own needs and interests. In this way, the child experiences the learning curriculum in a highly personnalised format.

The Montessori materials are provocative, enticing and simple to use. However, beneath the beauty and simplicity, lies a deep intentionality. The Montessori materials in any given classroom, provide for sufficient independent learning and discovery to span three years of any individual child’s development.

The materials are each designed to meet one or more specific needs in the child, and every piece of material has been developed in the context of all the other materials. They are offered to the child in a sequence which promotes the gradual layering of learning and understanding. In addition, not only do the materials relate to all others in the classroom, but they also refer to the materials which the child has worked with an earlier classroom, and as well as referring to the materials they will see in the next Montessori classroom, when they are older.

Each piece of material has what is known as a “control of error”. If the child has done something incorrectly it will be self-evident. The geometric shape, for example, won’t fit the hole; the water will spill on the table or the last label will not match the last picture. Being able to see his or her own mistake allows the child to work independently.

You can explore our full range of Montessori materials in our online shop.

A2Z Montessori Australia

Montessori Materials & Educational Toys

A2Z Montessori & Educational Toys online store is an educational supplier specialising in progressive education such as Maria Montessori, Rudolf Steiner, Reggio Emilia and Frederic Froebel. They predominantly supply schools, preschools, childcare centres, long day care centres, home day care, home schools, and also parents and families with young children.

They offer an extensive range of Montessori toys, material, resources and equipment to cover the whole off the Montessori Curriculum, includeing Language, Mathematics, Biology, Geography, Music, Art, Sensory and Infant & Toddler Practical Life activities. They are unique to A2Z and are manufactured to a high standard using the very best quality materials. They also hand pick the best quality wooden toys from Australia and around the world of well known and famous brands.

At A2Z Montessori & Educational Toys, they aim to deliver more than just toys. Whether intended for solo or group, play or learning, our educational toys encourage imagination, communication and a love of learning to “help me to do it myself”. The product range is about creating special memories for you and your child. Memories are priceless moments that you will cherish forever, like your child’s infectious giggles when they are playing a game that fascinates their imagination, the comfort on their face when they cuddle their favourite toy and the pride they take in showing you their creations.

Click on a2zmontessori.com.au to visit the A2Z Montessori website.

Think Education Supplies - Gonzagarrdi and Nienhuis

Think Education Supplies

Think Education Supplies (TES) was formed in 2003 initially to market in Australia and New Zealand the high quality of the Gonzagarrdi range of Montessori materials 0-12 years and wooden furniture 0-12 years and in 2015 the Nienhuis Montessori range was added.

The  range at TES has been expanded to include the full range of constantly updated printed card materials from ETC covering from 0-15 years in subjects such as English, Mathematics, Science, Geography and Timelines plus a full range of general materials focusing on stimulating thinking and processing skills across the 0-15 educational curriculum.

The warehouse in Brisbane carries a substantial amount of stock to fill orders as soon as possible.

The founder of Think Education Supplies, David Knibbe, has over 40 years experience in marketing educational materials from 0-15 year old students including setup of schools and childcare centres.

Think Education Supplies is Montessori Australia’s primary partner supplier of Nienhuis and Gonzagarrdi products that can be purchsed online by clicking here to visit the TES website.

Montessori Startups

Montessori Startups

If you are considering starting a new Montessori early learning centre or converting an existing centre to a Montessori environment, we have resources to assist.

Option 1: Join Montessori Australia as a Montessori Provider member

When you join as a Montessori Provider member, you’ll have access to a wide range of services, support and discounts.  You can read all about this here.

New members not only get the Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook (see below) for free, but also a range of services that will help you get started, such as free job advertising to source Montessori staff, license to use the Montessori National Curriculum, discounts to purchase Montessori materials to setup your Montessori environment, and many other benefits.  Members can also access our Montessori consultancy services.

The 12mth membership rate is normally $700 (ex GST), but for startups we offer a discounted rate of $500 (ex GST) for Montessori startups.  Email info@montessori.org.au for further details.

Option 2: Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook 

Our Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook is a series of booklets providing a wealth of information to get you started.

Harnessing the experience of the Montessori Australia, it provides a summary of the essential information that operators require when planning for, operating, and eventually expanding, a high-quality Montessori early education and care program.

The Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook is divided into seven booklets. Each booklet includes practical advice, sample documentation and links to external information sources.

The booklets titles include:

1. Getting Started

2. National Quality Framework (NQF)

3. Educational Programming

4. The Prepared Environment

5. Human Resources

6. Program Administration

7. Family Engagement

This option is a great starting point for you to understand how to go about establishing a Montessori centre.  

The series handbook costs $210 (including GST) and can be ordered by emailing info@montessori.org.au.

Montessori Adult & Aging Support Services

Montessori Adult & Aging Support Services

The Montessori approach for Dementia, Ageing & Adult Care provides enriched environments for older people receiving care services. It promotes independence, self-esteem, choice and meaningful activity through the recognition of individual strengths, needs, interests and the establishment of expertly prepared environments.

Proven outcomes of Montessori environments are reduction in Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD), reduction in the use of psychotropic medication, improved resident, family and staff satisfaction, and prevention of excess disability.

Montessori Consulting

Montessori Consulting is a Montessori for Dementia & Ageing consulting and training provider that offer a range of face-to-face and online training, as well as custom consulting services depending on the requirements and goals of the organisation. Anne Kelly combines the Montessori philosophy with over 35 years of experience in the industry to fundamentally change the way we provide support and care to others. 

Contact Montessori Consulting to discuss how to enable people to live meaningful and engaged lives with dignity.

W: https://montessoriconsulting.com.au

M: 0418 526 808

E: info@montessoriconsulting.com.au

Montessori and Gonski

Montessori And Gonski

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model.  

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. 

We offer the following key message as a contribution to this vital discussion. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive changes so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity and can instead become known as the world’s leader in education innovation.

Montessori Gonski Key Messages

PDF icon Download Montessori Gonski Key Messages

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model.  

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. 

We offer the following key message as a contribution to this vital discussion. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive changes so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity and can instead become known as the world’s leader in education innovation.

Transforming the industrial model

To better support teachers’ ability to differentiate learning and partner with students, other aspects of the current industrial-education model, such as, segregating students by grade, teaching subjects in isolation, and instruction and knowledge transfer, must also change.   

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Multi-age classrooms
  • Student-led rather than teacher-led learning

Developing self-regulated learning skills

Self-regulated learning is a key capacity for success in a knowledge economy. The current industrial-education model does not provide students with sufficient autonomy and time to effectively practice these skills.

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Individualised learning based on the student’s development level
  • Utilising the interests of the student to facilitate engagement
  • Preparation of learning environments to encourage opportunities for self-regulated engagement
  • Open-ended time to learn

Developing a systems worldview

Teaching subjects in isolation is based on a mechanistic worldview that leads students to view problems of economy, society, and environment as discrete and solvable through reductionistic methods. We are in the midst of the “complexity turn”, which necessitates a systems worldview, essential to creative and critical thinking.

Recommendation for education innovation:

  • Holistic curriculum with interdisciplinary learning 

The developmental continuum of education

Any true innovation in education requires a model that understands how the brain develops, not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers, and school leaders.

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Recognition that movement and cognition are linked, and that an education system needs to incorporate opportunities to regulate movement, thinking and emotions, and build executive functions
  • Education begins at birth and continues and builds throughout life

Testing is not the true test

Gonski 2.0 assumes declining OECD PISA and stagnating NAPLAN literacy and numeracy scores indicate the potential of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living. However, some researchers point to an inverse relationship between PISA scores and entrepreneurial capabilities—capabilities that are directly related to a country’s economic success. Focusing on test scores could actually prevent Australia from fostering the very capabilities we want to develop. 

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Reduced focus on comparative and academic testing
  • Preparation of the learning environment to allow for ongoing feedback and self-assessment 
  • Measures that focus on the engagement and well-being of students, teachers, school leaders, families and communities
  • Support at all levels so Australia can stay the course to be a world leader in education innovation

Montessori Gonski Position Paper

PDF icon Download Montessori Gonski Position Paper

MAKING AUSTRALIA THE WORLD LEADER IN EDUCATION INNOVATION 

Over the past 40 years, a new “knowledge economy,”characterised by a “greater dependence on knowledge, information and high skill levels” (p. 28),has arisen. However, as the Gonski 2.0 Report rightfully points out, Australia is still using an education model designed for the industrial age—an efficiency-based model that fails to differentiate learning and provide students with the “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking” capabilities necessary to succeed in this economy (p. ix).3

To remedy this and improve Australia’s PISA test scores and schools’ NAPLAN scores, Gonski 2.0 recommends that school systems and schools place the “learning growth of each student at the centre of their education model” (p. 5). The assumption is that a shift from specified learning outcomes based on age and grade to a focus on each student’s learning growth will transform the current education model to one that differentiates learning for each student, ensuring “all Australian students reach their full learning potential in each year of schooling” (p. 5). 

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent discussion to be had globally. Given the accelerating rate of change due to the proliferation of digital technologies and the creative destruction4of not only jobs but industries, teachers can no longer be constrained by a model designed for a past economy where change occurred more incrementally.5Gonski’s initiation of this discussion places Australia as a potential leader in what will inevitably be a worldwide education paradigm shift—a true innovation in education. Thus, Montessori Australia fully supports Gonski’s recommendation to prioritise learning growth rather than specified learning outcomes based on age and grade. We also support partnering with students in their learning, so they feel more ownership of it, as this fosters their lifelong love of learning.6

QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS FUNDAMENTAL TO INNOVATING EDUCATION

While we support the shift to learning growth, we also question whether this shift is significant enough to transform—truly innovate—Australia’s education model such that it provides students with the capabilities that the knowledge economy requires. We offer questions and comments we perceive as fundamental to the discussion of education innovation.

Do other aspects of the industrial model need to be changed?

If schools continue to be required to segregate students by grade, teach subjects in isolation, and emphasise teacher- rather than student-directed learning, then we will not “look back in a decade to a transformed education system” (p. 5), as key aspects of the model will have remained the same. In fact, it is unclear how teachers can truly differentiate learning while these key aspects are still in place. 

Any education model drives the behaviour of all the people within it: school leaders, teachers, and students. Segregating children by grades and dividing each day into subject blocks requires each classroom to be teacher-directed. But how do teacher-directed classrooms organically provide students with opportunities to practice “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking”? Subject blocks are short. And because teachers will need to ensure that each student gains “at least one year’s growth in learning […] every year” (p. xii), teachers will ultimately have to determine each student’s learning pace, which may adversely impact students’ sense of educational ownership and, hence, their lifelong love of learning. 

To better support teachers’ ability to differentiate learning and partner with students, other aspects of the current efficiency-based model must also be reconsidered.   

Will students develop self-regulated learning skills? 

Self-regulated learning is a key capacity for success in a knowledge economy that requires constant learning to innovate. Self-regulated learners are “masters of their own learning process” who are able to “transform their mental abilities into task-related skills in diverse areas of functioning, such as academia, sport, music, and health” (p. 13855).Thus, self-regulated learners can effectively learn within any domain. If the education model, however, still requires teachers to give lessons to the entire class while simultaneously determining each student’s learning pace within each short subject block, when do students have the time to practice regulating their own learning during the school day? Does a school day divided into relatively short subject blocks provide this time? Or will students ultimately be directed as to what to do and when to do it? We assert that practicing self-regulated learning skills requires more time and autonomy than the current model allows. 

Will students gain a systems worldview? 

Continuing to teach subjects in isolation is based on a Newtonian, mechanistic worldview that systems biologistshave shown and physicistsare now arguing is insufficient to understanding complex structures. As sociologist John Urry notes, we are in the midst of the “complexity turn,” which “investigates emergent, dynamic and self-organising systems that interact in ways that heavily influence the probabilities of later events” (p. 3).10 Complexity is increasingly more prevalent “within many social and intellectual discourses and practices besides ‘science’”, including economics, management, defence studies, architecture, etc. (p. 2). But teaching subjects in siloed isolation fails to reveal their interrelatedness—their overall complexity—leading students to view problems of economy, society, and environment as discrete and solvable through reductionistic methods. In reality, however, such problems “are not,” as systems researcher, John Sterman states, “separate domains to be traded off against one another” (p. 26).11 Thus, a systems worldview is essential to creative and critical thinking, which is why education researchers are proposing new educational paradigms that foster this view. Maria Hofman nicely summarises one paradigm proposed by sustainability researcher Stephen Sterling: 

A policy change should develop education from being seen as a product to being described as an ongoing developmental process that develops potential and capacity throughout life at both the individual level and societal level through lifelong learning. Such learning requires a change in the methodology and practice within education. Instead of education limited to instruction and knowledge transfer, the change should result in education being developed into a dynamic, activity-based and participatory training based on generating knowledge and meaning in relation to the circumstances in local society and the world. Problem solution in such education is thus based on real events(p. 224).12

We wholeheartedly agree with this proposed shift, and we offer our own Montessori model as an example of one (see our Montessori Fact Sheet for more information). We also acknowledge and support those Australian schools and teachers who are working on other models that also exemplify this paradigm shift. 

How do we bridge early childhood education with primary and secondary education? 

Gonski 2.0 rightfully points out the importance of the early years on school readiness and later learning. However, in the current model, early childhood is disconnected from primary and secondary education. We assert that any true innovation in education requires a model based on human development rather than efficiency. Such a model can provide a continuous flow throughout students’ schooling—from birth through adolescence—bridging the early childhood years to the later years. It also has the potential to alleviate “disparities in school readiness,” allowing even “developmentally vulnerable children” (p. 17)to more easily settle into school and achieve, and to help equalise later academic outcomes.13

However, we are not suggesting that infants be taught academic subjects. Academics is only one part of a student’s learning, and focusing on thinking ignores how humans are fundamentally built. Conscious thinking is only one part of a dynamic response system necessary for effective adaptability within any environment (including the knowledge economy). Automatic behaviours are also required. The ability to smoothly switch between these two response systems—conscious intentional thinking and automatic behaviours—is foundational to having good executive functions.14,15 Executive functions are “those functions [a person] employs to act independently [in her] own best interest as a whole at any point in time, for the purpose of survival” (p. 506).15 Having good executive functions is necessary for both school and life success.16

To build good executive functions, infants need opportunities to move and interact with the environment, which develops their immature motor and sensory systems. Environments rich in purposeful sensorimotor materials essentially train these systems, allowing children to gain a large repertoire of automatic movements foundational to an effective dynamic response system. Research continues to show that children with poor motor skills generally have later problems with working memory and academic learning. And children with learning disabilities tend to have poor motor skills.17 Thus, movement and cognition are linked. 

Additionally, the neural circuits involved in movement regulate thinking and emotions just as they regulate movement,14,15 and the brain regions involved in these circuits continue to develop throughout childhood and adolescence.18Thus, an education system based on how humans actually develop should include extensive opportunities for students to engage in movement so they can build an increasing repertoire of complex automatic action patterns that not only support better conscious, intentional thinking, but also help to actually build the neural circuits that directly regulate thinking and emotion regulation. 

Bridging early childhood with primary and secondary education necessitates a model that understands how the brain develops—not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers, and school leaders.

Does a continued focus on testing derail us from true educational innovation? 

The Gonski 2.0 Report states that “Australian education has failed a generation of Australian school children by not enabling them to reach their full learning potential” (p. 8). They cite declining OECD PISA and stagnating NAPLAN literacy and numeracy scores as evidence. The concern is that these scores indicate the potential of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living as schools will not produce workers with the capabilities necessary for success in the knowledge economy. But is this true? 

Gonski’s Exhibit 5 (p. 9) shows “a significant achievement gap between Australia and the highest performing country in both reading literacy and mathematics”—Singapore. Yet, as education researcher Yong Zhao notes, Singapore and the other high-ranking Asian countries consistently show a “negative relationship between PISA scores and entrepreneurial capabilities,” which are “directly related to economic prosperity and success” (p. 58).19 

In fact, according to Zhao, China and Singapore “blame their own supposedly excellent education for their inability to produce creative and entrepreneurial talents like Steve Jobs” (p. 58). He points out that “although products worth billions of dollars are made in China, they are not made by China” (p. 57; emphasis in original). Thus, the assumption that declining PISA scores are indicative of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living due to an inability to produce workers for the knowledge economy is highly questionable.

What is also questionable is whether focusing on test scores—PISA or NAPLAN—actually helps to improve a country’s educational system or whether it derails that process. If test scores are ultimately the target because it is (incorrectly) assumed those scores indicate a country’s future economic success, how do we not fall into the trap of teaching to the test, whatever that test is, while ignoring other important capabilities? Campbell’s Law states:

The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor (p. 366).20

Singapore is not yielding high PISA scores because its school system is focused on teaching “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking.”As Singaporean journalist Alexis Ong told Zhao, it is yielding high PISA scores because of “its strictly regimented curriculum and by-rote study techniques that sustain the city’s formal culture” (p. 58).19 Not only is such an educational system not innovative and fail to produce the capabilities we claim to want to teach, it does not fit with who we are as Australians. We should not become someone other than who we are to achieve success on tests that do not really measure what we think they measure. 

Finally, it should be noted that while PISA now claims to measure creativity and problem-solving, Zhao warns:

Remember that whatever these tests are, they are still testing. A test by no means reflects your true creativity—it just measures your capacity to take a creativity test. That actually can become more dangerous and drive governments to do even crazier things.”21

Technology innovators recognise the worthlessness of test scores. Google, for instance, conducted their own research and found that “as a criteria for hiring […] test scores are worthless,” as “they don’t predict anything.”22  

CONCLUSION

We are in the midst of a knowledge economy and the “complexity turn”. Yet our education model in Australia and throughout much of the world is still stuck within an education model designed for a different economy and a different turn—the “Newtonian turn.”23 Thus, we view Gonski 2.0 as an opportunity for Australia to engage in rich discussion and become the world leader in education innovation. We offer this position paper as a contribution to this vital discussion and welcome the thoughts and questions of others. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive action so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity. 

REFERENCES

  1. Powell, W. W., & Snellman, K. (2004). The knowledge economy. Annual Review of Sociology, 30,199-220. 
  2. OECD. (2005). Oslo manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/oslo-manual_9789264013100-en
  3. Gonski, D., Arcus, T., Boston, K., Gould, V., Johnson, W., O’Brien, L., . . . Roberts, M. (March 2018). Through growth to achievement: Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools. Retrieved from https://www.education.gov.au/review-achieve-educational-excellence-australian-schools
  4. Schumpeter, J. A. (1950/2008). Capitalism, socialism and democracy (Thrid ed.). New York, NY HarperPerennial.
  5. Castells, M. (2000). The rise of the network society: The information age: Economy, society, and culture (Second ed. Vol. 1). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
  6. The World Bank Group. (2003). Lifelong learning in the global knowledge economy. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLL/Resources/Lifelong-Learning-in-the-Global-Knowledge-Economy/lifelonglearning_GKE.pdf; Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. New York, NY: Routledge.
  7. Zimmerman, B. J. (2001). Self-regulated learning. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (pp. 13855-13859). Oxford: Pergamon.
  8. Hood, L., Rowen, L., Galas, D. J., & Aitchison, J. D. (2008). Systems biology at the Institute for Systems Biology. Briefings in functional genomics and proteomics, 7(4), 239-248. 
  9. Unger, R. M., & Smolin, L. (2015). The singular universe and the reality of time. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  10. Urry, J. (2005). The complexity turn. Theory, culture & society, 22(5), 1-14. 
  11. Sterman, J. D. (2012). Sustaining sustainability: Creating a systems science in a fragmented academy and polarized world. In M. P. Weinstein & R. E. Turner (Eds.), Sustainability science: The emerging paradigm and the urban environment (pp. 21-58): Springer.
  12. Hofman, M. (2015). What is an education for sustainable development supposed to achieve—A question of what, how and why. Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, 9(2), 213-228. doi: 10.1177/0973408215588255
  13. Lillard, A. S., Heise, M. J., Richey, E. M., Tong, X., Hart, A., & Bray, P. M. (2017). Montessori preschool elevates and equalizes child outcomes: A longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(1783). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01783
  14. Koziol, L. F. (2014). The myth of executive functioning: Missing elements in conceptualization, evaluation, and assessment (Vol. II). New York, NY: Springer; Koziol, L. F., Budding, D., Andreasen, N., D’Arrigo, S., Bulgheroni, S., Imamizu, H., . . . Yamazaki, T. (2014). Consensus paper: The cerebellum’s role in movement and cognition. The Cerebellum, 13(1), 151-177. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12311-013-0511-x; Koziol, L. F., & Budding, D. E. (2009). Subcortical structures and cognition: Implications for neuropsychological assessment. New York, NY: Springer; Koziol, L. F., & Lutz, J. T. (2013). From movement to thought: The development of executive function. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 2(2), 104-115. ; Cisek, P., & Kalaska, J. F. (2010). Neural mechanisms for interacting with a world full of action choices. Annual review of neuroscience, 33(1), 269-298. doi: doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135409
  15. Koziol, L. F., Budding, D. E., & Chidekel, D. (2012). From movement to thought: executive function, embodied cognition, and the cerebellum. The Cerebellum, 11(2), 505-525. 
  16. Diamond, A., & Lee, K. (2011). Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old. Science, 333(6045), 959-964. doi: 10.1126/science.1204529
  17. Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Huijgen, B. C. H., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2014). A longitudinal study on gross motor development in children with learning disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(2), 357-363. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.11.018; Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2011). The relationship between gross motor skills and academic achievement in children with learning disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2773-2779. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.05.032; Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2014). Specific associations between gross motor skills and executive functioning in children with learning disorders: A longitudinal study. Movement and Cognition, 59. ; Rigoli, D., Piek, J. P., Kane, R., & Oosterlaan, J. (2012). An examination of the relationship between motor coordination and executive functions in adolescents. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 54(11), 1025-1031. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04403.x
  18. Diamond, A. (2000). Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Child Development, 71, 44-56. 
  19. Zhao, Y. (2012). Flunking innovation and creativity. Phi Delta Kappan, 94(1), 56-61. 
  20. Campbell, D. T. (1988). Methodology and epistemology for social science: Selected papers. In E. S. Overman (Ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  21. Stewart, W. (December 2016). Long read: Does Pisa really tell us anything useful about schools? TES. Retrieved from https://www.tes.com/news/long-read-does-pisa-really-tell-us-anything-useful-about-schools
  22. Bryant, A. (June 19, 2013). In head-hunting, big data may not be such a big deal. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/business/in-head-hunting-big-data-may-not-be-such-a-big-deal.html
  23. Laudan, L. (1981). Thomas Reid and the Newtonian turn of British Methodological thought. Science and hypothesis: Historical essays on scientific methodology. (pp. 86-110). Dordrecht: Springer.

Media Release and Fact Sheets

PDF icon Montessori Gonski Media Release

PDF icon About Montessori Australia

PDF icon Overview Montessori in Australia

PDF icon Characteristics of Montessori Education

PDF icon Montessori Classrooms

PDF icon Montessori Programmes

PDF icon Difference Between Montessori and Traditional Education

PDF icon Montessori Assessment & Reporting

Media Realease

FOR IMMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION: Thursday, 10 May 2018 

MAKING AUSTRALIA THE WORLD LEADER IN EDUCATION INNOVATION 

A RESPONSE TO GONSKI 2.0

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model. 

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. Any true innovation in education requires a model that understands how the brain develops, not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers and school leaders.

“Gonski’s initiation of this discussion places Australia as a potential leader in what will inevitably be a worldwide education paradigm shift – a true innovation in education. Thus, we fully support Gonski’s recommendation to prioritise learning growth rather than specified learning outcomes based on age and grade”, Ms Christine Harrison, President of Montessori Australia said.

Transformation of the current education model needs to be an urgent discussion to be had globally. Given the accelerating rate of change due to the proliferation of digital technologies and the creative destruction of not only jobs but industries, teachers can no longer be constrained by a model designed for a past economy where change occurred more incrementally. 

“Segregating children by grades and dividing each day into subject blocks requires each classroom to be teacher-directed. But how do teacher-directed classrooms organically provide students with opportunities to practice problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking?” Ms Harrison said.

“Partnering with students so they feel more ownership of their education fosters a lifelong love of learning. Individualised learning based on the student’s developmental level and the interests of the student fosters engagement and self-regulated learning. Developing these capacities is essential to ensure Australia will be a leader in the knowledge economy”, said Ms Harrison “and Montessori education is one example of a pedagogy that offers these teaching and learning opportunities.”

Media Contacts:

Montessori Australia, National Office, 02 9986 2282, info@montessori.org.au

Gonski Background Information

PDF icon Download Review of Funding for Schooling Report 2011

PDF icon Download Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools 2018 (“Gonski 2.0”)

“Gonski” refers to David Gonski, who was commissioned back in 2010 by the Minister of Education to be chairman of a committee to make recommendations regarding funding of education in Australia.  

The findings and recommendations of the committee were presented to the government in November 2011, whereafter deliberations were entered into by the Federal and state governments to consider its content. The committee’s report is known as the Gonski Report.  Subsequently, the proposed reforms and funding model became known as “Gonski”. 

The Gonski Review stressed the need for an equitable school funding system.  To address the current imbalances, the review recommended a national needs‑based and sector-blind school funding model. The new funding model would provide a level of base funding to all schools and additional targeted funding to disadvantaged students in order to remove inequities and minimise the identified performance gap.  From this, the government adopted the Schooling Resource Standard (SRS) which sets out how much it costs for every student to receive a good education.

In 2017, Gonski chaired an independent panel, the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools, commissioned to examine evidence and make recommendations on how school funding should be used to improve school performance and student outcomes. The second Gonski report, referred to as Gonski 2.0, was published on 30 April 2018.

The three priorities recommended in the report are:

  1. Deliver at least one year’s growth in learning for every student every year
  2. Equip every child to be a creative, connected and engaged learner in a rapidly changing world
  3. Cultivate an adaptive, innovative and continuously improving education system

It makes recommendations across the following five areas to address these:

  1. Laying the foundations for learning
  2. Equipping every student to grow and success in a changing world
  3. Creating, supporting and valuing a profession of expert educators
  4. Empowering and supporting school leaders
  5. Raising and achieving aspirations through innovation and continuous improvement

Executive Team and Board Members

Montessori Registered (Know Quality)

Choosing the right Montessori environment for your child is important. Each school, centre or programme is run independently from Montessori Australia and is either privately owned, part of a public school, or run by a non-profit association.

“Montessori” is not trademarked so it is possible for any school or centre to include the word “Montessori” in their name. Most “Montessori” schools or centres aim to offer a quality Montessori programme.

In its role as the national body, Montessori Australia has established an Australian system to identify Authentic Practice for Montessori programs and to support education services in maintaining these standards.

LOGOs on our Directory Listing

Montessori Australia logo: the school/centre has joined our membership programme.  This means that the school/centre pays a membership fee to receive services and support from Montessori Australia and are a contributing member of the Australian Montessori community.  

Montessori Registered logo: the school/centres has been assessed by the national body as meeting Montessori standards.  This assessment was undertaken as part of the previous incarnation of our Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program, a supportive and positive means of continuous improvement by which education services strive to ensure quality and best practice.

MQAP Participating or MQAP Applied logos: show that they are on the journey to become Montessori Registered, but have not yet been assessed.

Click here to go to the new MQ:AP website providing further details about the program.

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA) is a Training College focussing on Early Childhood Education.

The Training College offers a unique classroom learning experience, providing students with nationally recognised qualifications including a Diploma in Early Education and Care, Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education, and Certificate III in Early Education and Care.

MECTA has fully qualified experienced trainers who are hand-picked for their unique ability to understand all types of learning, so each student can effectively strive and learn their own way.

Their Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is Nationally Recognised and provides a comprehensive and detailed study of the theory and skills involved in the delivery of a Montessori education program for children aged 0-6 years.

MECTA also delivers Montessori short courses, workshops, and parent development courses.

Based in Forest Lake Queensland, their stand-alone purpose-built Training College is fully fitted out with a classroom set up and a student’s lounge for separate studying.

Contact MECTA

Website: https://mecta.edu.au
Email: admin@mecta.edu.au
Phone: (07) 3073 5000

Research

Montessori Australia recognises and is committed to the role of research in promoting greater awareness, acceptance and understanding of the Montessori Method within the Australian community. We recognise that education requires a strong evidence base, and we are committed to working towards building a complete research framework. By establishing a comprehensive research framework, Montessori Australia will be able to share the evidence-based value of the Montessori Method for families, educators, leaders, legislators and researchers.This research framework incorporates, but is not limited to:

  • The encouragement of Australian research and its publication
  • Facilitating a network for research, including links to international Montessori research 
  • The collection of historical data and links with the broader field of education
  • Inclusive education
  • Montessori materials
  • Montessori principles 
  • Research partnerships and opportunities
  • Teacher education & career development
  • Supporting innovation

Current Research

Research activities exist across a number of key areas, by both Montessorians and independent academic researchers.  

The following list indicates some of the research areas within the Montessori and broader context, recently or currently being pursued:

  • Montessori and Indigenous communities
  • Reflective practice
  • Leadership and governance 
  • Strategic investigations for the future development of the Montessori movement in Australia
  • Studies relating to Montessori principles and practices and links to ELYF
  • Research relating to Montessori materials 
  • Research projects with universities, particularly with UNSW
  • Research work to develop Montessori teacher training and career development

Current Research Opportunities

Montessori Australia supports the following research opportunities. Contact Alex Ioannou on alex@montessori.org.au for enquiries.

Responsive and inclusive education in diverse schools (VIC primary or secondary teachers)

Monash University is delighted to invite Victorian primary or secondary teachers to participate in a ground-breaking survey about responsive and inclusive education in diverse schools. As a teacher who is committed to creating an inclusive and welcoming learning environment, your valuable insights and experiences are critical to our research.

The survey aims to identify what you value and can do in order to create an inclusive learning environment that promotes equity and social justice. The results of this survey will help inform educational policies, teacher professional education, and practices that support diverse students and promote their academic success and well-being.

The survey is available here: https://monash.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_7VQq2851qaMik2W

Your participation in this survey is completely voluntary and all responses will be kept confidential. The survey will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Your responses will be invaluable in advancing our understanding of responsive and inclusive education.

Evidence-based Education

The Montessori program is not only a unique philosophy offering parents an alternative to the traditional schooling system. The Montessori Method has been demonstrated to improve education outcomes for children in multiple different settings and variables.

Australian

The introduction of Montessori teaching and learning practices in an early childhood classroom in a remote Indigenous school

Holmes, C. (2016) Master by Dissertation, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle. 

Montessori education in the Ngaanyatjarra Lands

Holmes, C. (2018) Journal of Montessori Research, 4(2), 33-60. 

The Montessori method, Aboriginal students and Linnaean zoology taxonomy teaching: three-staged lesson

Rioux J, Ewing B, & Cooper TJ. (2019). The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education. 1–11. 

Convergence and Divergence of Ethnomathematics (D’Ambrosio) and Mathematics (Montessori): An Ethnomathematics Program

Rioux, J. (2021). E-article. Montessori Australia. Issue 4 November. 

Montessori Educators and the Australian Early Years Learning Framework in Montessori Early Childhood Environments in Western Australia: A qualitative study

Stevens, R. (2020).  (Master by Research, University of Western Australia) 

International

An Intervention Study: Removing Supplemented Materials from Montessori Classrooms Associated with Better Child Outcomes

Montessori classrooms vary a good deal in implementation, and one way in which implementation differs is the provision of materials.  Specifically, some classrooms use only Montessori materials, whereas others supplement the Montessori materials with commercially available materials like puzzles and games.  A prior study suggested this might be a reason for observed differences across studies and classrooms (Author, 2012) but an intervention study is the best test.  The present study presents such an intervention with 52 children in 3 Montessori classrooms with Supplementary materials. All children were given 6 pretests, and non-Montessori materials were removed from 2 of the classrooms.  Four months later, children were retested to see how much they changed across that period.  Children in the classrooms from which the non-Montessori materials were removed advanced significantly more in early reading and executive function, and to some degree advanced more in early math.  There were no differences across the classroom types in amount of change on the tests of vocabulary, social knowledge, or social skills.

Lillard, A. S., & Heise, M. J. (2016). An Intervention Study: Removing Supplemented Materials from Montessori Classrooms Associated with Better Child Outcomes. Journal of Montessori Research, 2(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.17161/jomr.v2i1.5678

Montessori preschool elevates and equalizes child outcomes – Angeline S. Lillard, Megan J. Heise, Eve M. Richey, Xin Tong, Alyssa Hart and Paige M. Bray (Frontiers in Psychology, 2017)

A longitudinal study that took advantage of randomized lottery-based admission to two public Montessori magnet schools in a high-poverty American city. The final sample included 141 children, 70 in Montessori and 71 in other schools, most of whom were tested 4 times over 3 years, from the first semester to the end of preschool (ages 3 to 6), on a variety of cognitive and socio-emotional measures.

Montessori preschool elevated children’s outcomes in several ways. Although not different at the first test point, over time the Montessori children fared better on measures of academic achievement, social understanding, and mastery orientation, and they also reported relatively more liking of scholastic tasks. They also scored higher on executive function when they were 4.

In addition to elevating overall performance on these measures, Montessori preschool also equalised outcomes among subgroups that typically have unequal outcomes. First, the difference in academic achievement between lower income Montessori and higher income conventionally schooled children was smaller at each time point, and was not (statistically speaking) significantly different at the end of the study. Second, defying the typical finding that executive function predicts academic achievement, in Montessori classrooms children with lower executive function scored as well on academic achievement as those with higher executive function. 

Lillard, A. & Else-Quest, N. (2006) – Evaluating Montessori Education (Science 313)

This study compared outcomes of 59 children at a Milwaukee, Wisconsin public inner city Montessori school with 53 children who attended traditional schools in the same area. The results indicated that Montessori education leads to children with better social and academic skills. It was published by Angeline Lillard and Nicole Else-Quest in the Sept. 29 2006 issues of the journal Science.

The following summary was reported in The Times (London) September 29, 2006 and is an extract from an article by Alexandra Frean.

  • Pupils who learn at their own pace in Montessori schools may have an advantage over those in traditional classrooms
  • By the age of five, children at Montessori schools are better at basic word recognition and mathematics and are more likely to play co-operatively with other children. By the age of 12, they are more creative and better able to resolve social problems
  • Academically, they end up in the same place or better as non-Montessori children, but they are much better at getting on in a community.
  • Among the five year olds, Montessori students not only performed significantly better in maths and English, but were also better able to see the world through others’ eyes and performed better on “executive function”, which is the ability to adapt to change and approaching complex problems.
  • By the age of twelve, the difference in academic scores between the two groups was less pronounced. The Montessori children, however, wrote more creative essays, selected more positive responses to social dilemmas and reported a more positive sense of community at their school.
    Science Vol 3131 29 September 2006
    http://www.montessori-science.org/science_journal_article.htm

Chisnall, N. & Maher, M. (2007) – Montessori Mathematics in Early Childhood Education

The research project examined mathematical concept development in children prior to school entry and indicated Montessori may have a positive impact on children’s numeracy knowledge. The key outcomes were:

  • Montessori students showed significantly higher achievement regarding backward number word sequence (a precursor to subtraction); early addition and subtraction; and place value concepts.
  • Indicators that the Montessori system may be offering more opportunities for children to develop higher order skills and concepts in early childhood.
  • Indicators that Montessori can favourably impact students in low socioeconomic status areas.
    Source: Curriculum Matters 3, 6-28.

Harris, E. M. (2004) – Evaluation of the reorganization of Northboro Elementary School in Palm Beach County, Florida: a ten year perspective

This was an 11 year case study of one school and the impact that Montessori brought. It examined an at risk elementary school from 1991 to 2002. The school population was 86% African American, 12% Hispanic, and 2% White or mixed race. (98% on lunch program). The community decided on the Montessori magnet program and utilised reading recovery and a parent involvement program. The key outcomes were:

  • Math scores went from a 28% to a 52% pass rate
  • Parent involvement tripled.
  • School community became more diverse. 
  • 91% of all six year olds were reading at or above grade level. 
    Source: Dissertation, Union Institute and University.

Dohrmann, K. (2003) – Outcomes for Students in a Montessori Program, A Longitudinal Study of the Experience in the Milwaukee Public Schools Montessori

This study supports the hypothesis that Montessori education has a positive long-term impact. Additionally, it provides an affirmative answer to questions about whether Montessori students will be successful in traditional schools. The key outcomes were:

  • An association between a Montessori education and superior performance on the Math and Science scales of the ACT and WKCE, for those attending from the approximate ages of three to eleven.

Vance, T. L. (2003) – An exploration of the relationship between preschool experience and the acquisition of phonological awareness in kindergarten Comparison of four ECE experiences

This study involved a comparison of four early childhood education programmes. Students attending the Montessori program outscored all others on all tests administered on development of literacy skills and phonological awareness. 
Source: Dissertation, George Mason University.

Rathunde, K. (2003) – A comparison of Montessori and traditional middle schools: Motivation, quality of experience, and social context

With the help of co-investigator Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Dr. Rathunde compared the experiences and perceptions of middle school students in Montessori and traditional schools using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). The key outcomes were:
Montessori students reported a significantly better quality of experience in their academic work than did traditional students.
Montessori students perceived their schools as a more positive community for learning, with more opportunities for active, rather than passive, learning.
Source: The NAMTA Journal 283 (Summer, 2003), pages 12-52

Reed, M. (2000) – A comparison of the place value understanding of Montessori and non-Montessori elementary school students Maths study

Montessori students consistently outperformed non-Montessori students on “tasks of a more conceptual nature, while performing the same or slightly better on counting and symbolic tasks”. 

Source: Electronic Thesis or Dissertation retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/

East Dallas Community School

East Dallas Community School offers accredited classroom programs for children ages twelve months through third grade in one of the most under-served communities in Dallas. 68% of students are Hispanic, 9% African American, 19% Anglo, and 4% other ethnicities.  67% of these families were living at or below poverty level and 49% were learning English as a second language. Programme outcomes are as listed:

  • In 2002, 78% of the school’s third graders applied to Dallas Independent School District’s gifted and talented program. All were accepted.
    100% of the public charter school students have passed the high stakes state reading competency tests.
  • According to a ten year study of standardised test scores (1993-2003), EDCS students’ average scores were in the top 36% nationwide in reading and math.
  • In a neighbourhood where the high school graduation rate is less than 50%, 94% of the third grade alumni have graduated from high school; 88% of those have gone on to college.
  •  In 2005, the school was ranked among the top 6% of charter school districts, and among the top 15% of all public school districts in the State of Texas.
  • In 2006 and 2007 the school received a Gold Performance acknowledgement from the state for our students’ accomplishments in reading.
    Source: http://www.edcschool.org/Our_Schools.html.

Alfred G. Zanetti School Springfield, Massachusetts Montessori

Until 1999, the school had low-test scores, high absenteeism and a student turnover rate of almost 50% a year. In 1999, the school converted to Montessori. Programme outcomes include:

  • Assessments all the way down to the youngest classrooms, exhibit a record of success.
  • Student turnover rate is now (2005) 5%. 
    Source: Public School Stakes Its Future on the Montessori Way, New York Times, 2nd February 2005.

AEDI Research

Success in school and life can be influenced by the outcomes in early childhood. The Australian Early Development Index (AEDI) is a national measure of the progress of early childhood development in Australia. The AEDI is an attempt by the council of Australian governments to measure how children are developing in communities throughout the country. The AEDI collected data on a number of quantitative and qualitative data sets, following physical health and well being, social competence, emotional maturity, language and cognitive skills and communication skills and general knowledge. The study was conducted throughout the country, surveying 261,203 children, making up 97.5% of aged five in Australia.

Montessori Educated children outperformed the national average for five year olds in all developmental domains. The most significant variance between the national average and children educated in the Montessori system were in Language and Cognitive Skills and Communications Skills and General Knowledge. While some controls in such socio-economic advantage must be considered, as the number of developmentally vulnerable children in Montessori was less than the National average, the performance of Montessori education relative to the national average is statistically significant. The study verifies the legitimacy of the Montessori Method for achieving real positive outcomes for children’s education and development.

Action Research

Montessori Australia launched the Montessori Action Research Advisory (MRAC) committee in 2010. The MRAC works to build a comprehensive research framework for Montessori in both New Zealand and Australia. One of the first schemes of the Montessori Research Advisory Committee has been to initiate the first Montessori Research Workshop. The workshop was first conducted back in May 2010 and was open to all Montessori educators working with children from birth to eighteen years as well as Montessori teacher trainers. The aim of the workshop was to involve educators in classroom based research.

Participants in the research project were asked to write a research question of their own and design a small research project to explore this question. The projects were ones that could be implemented simply and effectively in their own classrooms in order to reflect critically and systematically on a single area within the curriculum, or a classroom based problem, with the goal of achieving real positive change. The results of the project have each been published in an Action Research book, which provides a summary of the action research covered in the workshop. These reports demonstrate the breadth of the potential Montessori classrooms offer teachers for pursuing both practitioner based enquiry as well as research projects that can become the basis of study towards a higher degree.

Our Team

Executive Team and Board Members

Executive Member Appointees

Training Centres

 

Montessori classrooms offer an environment that serves the individual needs of each child’s stage of development and allows freedom for children to discover their own path to becoming capable individuals.  A Montessori classroom allows children to develop emotionally, socially, behaviorally, and academically, and the Montessori teacher is an integral part of this unique environment.

Montessori teacher training centres in Australia:

An important consideration is to ensure that educators have the appropriately recognised qualifications to work in early childhood, primary or secondary education. Montessori Institute is the only Montessori training institution in Australia to offer teacher and educator courses which are nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL and TEQSA. Montessori and Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA) Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education is a nationally accredited course (ASQA). 

Due to the small number of Montessori adolescent programmes in Australia, there are currently no training programmes for this age level in the country. The Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) website provides details of adolescent (12-18 years of age) courses.

Online Introduction Courses

Balancing quality, cost and convenience is an important decision that will be different for each new teacher’s circumstances. We encourage you to carefully research the options before choosing the one that is right for you. If you are unsure whether Montessori education is right for you, or which age group you would like to teach, a short introduction Course in Montessori Education may be the best place to begin. Montessori Training Australia provides a selection of high quality online Foundation Courses which address the needs of interested parents, teaching assistants, school leaders and prospective educators. 

Montessori Training Options

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Providers · Training Centres

Montessori Training

Qualifications and pathways for Montessori educators at every level — from birth through to secondary — across Australia.

Becoming a Montessori Educator

Montessori programmes cater for children from birth to eighteen years and are delivered in early childhood and school settings across Australia.

In most cases educators hold qualifications for their age range — early childhood (0–6), primary (6–12), or secondary (12–18) — alongside specialised Montessori training.

 

Watch: Why Become a Montessori Teacher?

Early Childhood
Birth – 6 years
Primary
6 – 12 years
Secondary
12 – 18 years

Montessori Training Centres in Australia

Registered training organisations offering nationally recognised Montessori qualifications.

Montessori Training Australia
Montessori Training Australia
Online introductory courses. Flexible, self-paced, endorsed by Montessori Australia.

Learn More →

Australian Montessori Training Institute
Australian Montessori Training Institute
MACTE-accredited. Online, face-to-face, and school residency programmes across all age levels.

Learn More →

MECTA
Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia
ASQA-accredited Diploma. Classroom-based training in Queensland.

Learn More →

Montessori Institute
Montessori Institute
Australia’s largest Montessori RTO. Nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL & TEQSA. Est. 1983.

Learn More →

Sydney Montessori Training Centre
Sydney Montessori Training Centre
Australia’s only AMI-authorised training centre. Internationally recognised Montessori Diplomas across all ages.

Learn More →

Early Childhood Educator Qualifications

The National Quality Framework (NQF) sets minimum qualification requirements, administered by ACECQA.

1

Certificate III Educator
Foundation qualification for working in early childhood services.

2

Diploma Level Educator
Advanced qualification to lead and manage early childhood programs.

3

Early Childhood Teacher (ECT)
University-level qualification for lead teaching roles.

Check the ACECQA Qualifications List for approved Montessori courses.

Primary & Secondary Educator Qualifications

Montessori primary and secondary educators require recognised teaching qualifications alongside specialised Montessori training.

6–12

Primary Educator
Montessori primary training plus a teaching degree and state/territory registration — typically a 4-year Bachelor of Education.

12–18

Secondary Educator
Currently no domestic training at this level. Courses listed on the AMI website or via AMTI.

Find your local regulatory authority via AITSL.

Overseas Qualification Holders

Overseas early childhood or Montessori qualifications are generally not recognised in Australia and must be assessed individually by ACECQA. You may need to undertake Australian early childhood qualifications.

Montessori Training Australia

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Montessori Training Australia
AMTI DEVELOPED MA ENDORSED

Montessori Training. Online.

Every course comes with a Montessori Australia endorsed certificate upon completion. Developed by AMTI, delivered 100% online and self-paced — for educators, assistants and families across Australia.

25+
Online Courses
100%
Self-Paced
20%
MA Member Saving
ABOUT MTA

Australia’s Leading Online Montessori Training Platform

Montessori Training Australia (MTA) is an online training platform developed by the Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) and fully endorsed by Montessori Australia. With more than 25 structured courses, MTA provides a clear pathway from foundational introduction through to nationally recognised Diploma training — delivered through video, interactive modules, and guided study.

Every completed course comes with a Montessori Australia endorsed certificate. Courses are 100% online and self-paced, designed for busy educators, classroom assistants and families across Australia and beyond.

FIND YOUR COURSE

There’s a course designed for you

Whether you’re new to Montessori or deepening years of practice, every course is built around where you are right now.

For Families
FAMILIES

For Families

Understand your child’s Montessori environment or bring the approach home with accessible introduction and home school resources.

Start with MTA011 →
For Assistants
CLASSROOM ASSISTANTS

For Assistants

Working or volunteering in a Montessori setting? Quickly understand the philosophy, environment, and your role in practice.

Start with MTA0225 →
For Educators
EDUCATORS & DIRECTORS

For Educators

Endorsed professional development, certification, and a clear pathway toward nationally recognised Montessori Diploma training.

Start with MTA055 →
PROFESSIONAL LEARNING PATHWAY

Montessori Professional Learning Packages

Flagship endorsed courses for educators entering or growing within Montessori early childhood environments across Australia.

Introduction to Montessori Education
MTA011 · 4 Modules $220

Introduction to Montessori Education

Introduces the history of Montessori education and key foundational theories and practices. Perfect for families and anyone beginning their Montessori journey.

Enrol Now →
Montessori Professional Learning Package
MTA033 · 6 Modules $410

Montessori Professional Learning Package

A complete introduction to Montessori history, theories, practices, and pedagogy. Ideal for educators already in a Montessori environment.

Enrol Now →
Endorsed MPLP With Certification
MTA055 · 6 Modules WITH CERTIFICATION
$660

Endorsed MPLP — With Certification

Comprehensive Montessori history, theories, and pedagogy. Includes a Montessori Australia endorsed Certificate of Completion on assessment.

Enrol Now →
Endorsed MPLP With Certification and Consultation
MTA077 · 6 Modules + 2HR CONSULTATION
$790

Endorsed MPLP — With Certification & Consultation

All the depth of MTA055, plus two hours of personal consultation with a Montessori trainer for guided, individualised support.

Enrol Now →

Also available: MTA038 Elementary & Adolescent Focus ($380)  ·  MTA0900 A2Z Home School Set ($125)

View All Courses →
SPECIALIST TRAINING

Specialist Courses

Targeted, self-paced modules covering key aspects of Montessori practice — including compulsory AMTI Diploma pathway modules.

The Role of the Assistant
MTA0225 · 8 Hrs $189

The Role of the Assistant

For adults with no prior Montessori knowledge working or volunteering in a Montessori classroom for any age group.

Enrol Now →
The Baby and the Butterfly
MTA0335 AMTI DIPLOMA MODULE
$189

The Baby and the Butterfly

An overview of human development from birth to adulthood. Compulsory across all AMTI Diploma training levels.

Enrol Now →
Superpowers of Young Children
MTA0445 AMTI DIPLOMA MODULE
$189

Superpowers of Young Children

Montessori’s theory of mind — the Absorbent Mind in the First Plane versus the Reasoning Mind of older children.

Enrol Now →
MA MEMBER BENEFIT

Montessori Australia Members Save 20%

Your MA membership includes a 20% discount on every MTA course. Apply at checkout to access endorsed Montessori training at reduced cost.

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

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AMTI — Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited · Montessori Australia Affiliate

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

Accessible, affordable, and internationally accredited Montessori training — from birth through adolescence and adult care.

MACTE Accredited
Montessori Australia Affiliate

Australian
Based & Online

5
Course Streams

0–18+
Age Range

MACTE
Accredited
Internationally recognised

About AMTI

The Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) is committed to providing quality Montessori training courses — accessible, affordable, and flexible — to the Montessori community and those seeking qualification in the Montessori Method.

AMTI offers individual training, school residency programs, and centre support services, with all courses designed to lead to MACTE teacher training accreditation — the world standard for Montessori teacher training.

Training is available via hybrid learning (online and face-to-face), in formats that fit around your life. AMTI is a proud Affiliate of Montessori Australia.

AMTI educator with student

Internationally Accredited Montessori Teacher and Educator Courses and School Residency Programs

A full spectrum of Montessori training — from Infant Toddler through to Adolescent and Adult Care. Hybrid delivery. Flexible study. MACTE accredited.

0–3 Infant Toddler Courses

0 – 3 Years
Infant Toddler

Montessori Infant Toddler Studies

Certificate and Diploma-level training for educators working with children from birth to three years. Covers Montessori philosophy, prepared environments, and practical care approaches for the earliest years of development.

Certificate AMTIAU1A
Diploma AMTIAU1B

Learn More

2.5–6 Early Childhood Courses

2.5 – 6 Years
Early Childhood
MACTE Available

Montessori Early Childhood Studies

Three pathways including the flagship MACTE-accredited Diploma — the international standard for Montessori teacher training. Covers all aspects of the 2.5–6 Montessori environment, materials, and child development.

Certificate AMTIAU2A
Diploma AMTIAU2B
MACTE Diploma AMTIAU2C

Learn More

6–12 Elementary Courses

6 – 12 Years
Coming Soon

Montessori Elementary Studies

A MACTE-accredited Diploma for the 6–12 elementary environment is in development. AMTI’s 6–12 program uses an innovative school residency model — training is delivered within your school or cluster of schools.

MACTE Diploma AMTIAU3C — Coming Soon
Learn More

Adolescent Montessori Training

12 – 18 Years
Adolescent

Montessori Adolescent Studies

AMTI is the only Australian provider offering Montessori adolescent training. The Diploma prepares educators to guide students in the 12–18 environment, with a focus on Erdkinder principles and real-world learning experiences.

Diploma AMTIAU4B
Learn More

Montessori Adult Care

Adult Care
Aged Care

Montessori Adult Care

Bringing Montessori principles to aged care and adult support services. Available as an audited face-to-face Diploma or fully online — supporting carers and organisations to create purposeful, dignified environments for older adults.

Audited Diploma AMTIAU8A
Online Diploma AMTIAU8B

Learn More

How AMTI Supports Educators, Schools & Centres

Flexible, targeted training and support — wherever you are in your Montessori journey.

Individuals
Affordable online and face-to-face courses that fit around your work and life. Beginner-friendly through to advanced MACTE accreditation.

Schools
School residency programs, strategy support, coaching for leaders and educators, implementation reviews, and field-tested assessment tools.

Centres
Centre start-up and strategy support, professional learning, coaching, and Montessori implementation reviews for early childhood services.

AMTI

Ready to get started?

Contact AMTI to discuss courses, enrolment options, and how their flexible training programs can fit your career goals.

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

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MECTA

RTO 32075 · Australian Based

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia

A specialist training college shaping the future of early childhood education — with authentic, accredited courses that blend theory with hands-on learning.

Member of Montessori Australia

Australian
Based

2
Accredited Courses

0–6
Years Specialisation

Short Courses &
Professional Development
Also available

About MECTA

MECTA is a specialist training college dedicated to early childhood education, offering a unique classroom-based learning experience backed by fully qualified, experienced trainers.

Located in Forest Lake, Queensland, MECTA operates from a purpose-built, stand-alone training facility complete with a fully equipped classroom and a dedicated student lounge for independent study.

Trainers are hand-picked for their ability to support all learning styles — ensuring every student can progress and thrive in their own way, in small group environments.

Early childhood educator at MECTA

Nationally Accredited Courses

A thoughtful balance of theory and practice in small group environments — recognised nationally across Australia.


Certificate III in Montessori Early Childhood Education

Nationally Accredited
Montessori

Certificate III in Montessori Early Childhood Education

11024NAT

A foundational Montessori course covering theory and practice for children aged 0–6 years.

$4,500
Learn More

Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education

Nationally Accredited
Montessori

Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education

11206NAT

Comprehensive study of theory and practical skills to deliver an authentic Montessori program for children aged 0–6 years, equipping graduates for all early childhood settings.

$9,900
Learn More

Self-Paced Short Courses

Flexible learning. Anytime. Anywhere. Perfect for educators looking to deepen Montessori knowledge at their own pace.

Introduction to the Prepared Environment
3 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Montessori Philosophy
3 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Planes of Development
2 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Role of the Montessori Guide
3 hours · $25.00

Ready to get started?

Contact MECTA directly to discuss courses, enrolment, and how they can support your career in early childhood education.

Montessori Institute

Montessori Institute

As the largest Montessori training organisation in Australia, the Montessori Institute offers flexible, nationally recognised, Early Childhood and Primary teacher registration qualifications, alongside Diploma and Certificate level qualifications. They also provide professional development and education for schools, childcare centres and the wider community, with which they we have built strong relationships over forty years. Their ACECQA (early childhood regulator) and AITSL (teacher registration regulator) accredited courses are delivered via a blend of external, online study and intensive face to face workshops, Australia wide.

Incorporated in 1983, the Montessori Institute is a not-for-profit organisation and an accredited Higher Education Provider with the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Authority (TEQSA). They have dedicated their work to develop and present world class Montessori courses and workshops, to both students and non-students.

Graduate Diploma of Education (Montessori) 3-6 years or 6-12 years focus. Recognised nationally as a teaching qualification, this course enables students to become registered teachers in their State. It is AITSL and ACECQA listed.

Diploma of Early Childhood and Primary Education (Montessori) 0-3, 3-6 or 6-12 years focus. This course enables registered teachers to gain Montessori curriculum knowledge for their classroom. It is ACECQA listed as an Early Childhood qualification (0-3 and 3-6 focus). The Diploma also qualifies non registered teachers to work as education assistants in schools or as room leaders/supervisors in a child care centre.

Certificate in Montessori Studies 0-5 or 3-6. Ideal for students who already hold a Certificate III or Diploma level qualification, but want to obtain Montessori curriculum knowledge for use in child care centres.

Diploma of Montessori Leadership and Practice. Ideal for principals or Montessori centre managers who wish to gain an understanding of Montessori theory, philosophy and curriculum.

Visit their website www.mwei.edu.au for further details.

PDF icon Graduate Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Certificate Brochure

PDF icon Leadership Brochure

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

Sydney Montessori Training Centre (SMTC) is a national organisation committed to providing quality training to the Montessori community and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori method. 

SMTC is authorised to deliver Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori courses. AMI was established by Maria Montessori and affiliates training centres around the world. AMI courses are recognised internationally for their authenticity and quality.

SMTC offer AMI training courses in the following:

  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 0-3 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori Foundation Course

Click here to visit their website for further details.

Montessori Training Options

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Providers · Training Centres

Montessori Training

Qualifications and pathways for Montessori educators at every level — from birth through to secondary — across Australia.

Becoming a Montessori Educator

Montessori programmes cater for children from birth to eighteen years and are delivered in early childhood and school settings across Australia.

In most cases educators hold qualifications for their age range — early childhood (0–6), primary (6–12), or secondary (12–18) — alongside specialised Montessori training.

 

Watch: Why Become a Montessori Teacher?

Early Childhood
Birth – 6 years
Primary
6 – 12 years
Secondary
12 – 18 years

Montessori Training Centres in Australia

Registered training organisations offering nationally recognised Montessori qualifications.

Montessori Training Australia
Montessori Training Australia
Online introductory courses. Flexible, self-paced, endorsed by Montessori Australia.

Learn More →

Australian Montessori Training Institute
Australian Montessori Training Institute
MACTE-accredited. Online, face-to-face, and school residency programmes across all age levels.

Learn More →

MECTA
Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia
ASQA-accredited Diploma. Classroom-based training in Queensland.

Learn More →

Montessori Institute
Montessori Institute
Australia’s largest Montessori RTO. Nationally accredited with ACECQA, AITSL & TEQSA. Est. 1983.

Learn More →

Sydney Montessori Training Centre
Sydney Montessori Training Centre
Australia’s only AMI-authorised training centre. Internationally recognised Montessori Diplomas across all ages.

Learn More →

Early Childhood Educator Qualifications

The National Quality Framework (NQF) sets minimum qualification requirements, administered by ACECQA.

1

Certificate III Educator
Foundation qualification for working in early childhood services.

2

Diploma Level Educator
Advanced qualification to lead and manage early childhood programs.

3

Early Childhood Teacher (ECT)
University-level qualification for lead teaching roles.

Check the ACECQA Qualifications List for approved Montessori courses.

Primary & Secondary Educator Qualifications

Montessori primary and secondary educators require recognised teaching qualifications alongside specialised Montessori training.

6–12

Primary Educator
Montessori primary training plus a teaching degree and state/territory registration — typically a 4-year Bachelor of Education.

12–18

Secondary Educator
Currently no domestic training at this level. Courses listed on the AMI website or via AMTI.

Find your local regulatory authority via AITSL.

Overseas Qualification Holders

Overseas early childhood or Montessori qualifications are generally not recognised in Australia and must be assessed individually by ACECQA. You may need to undertake Australian early childhood qualifications.

Social Reform

The Montessori Movement

Montessori pedagogical principles are rooted in a social movement that champions the cause of all children, in all strata of society, of all races and ethnic backgrounds, within and beyond educational institutions.

The Montessori movement began on 6 January 1907 when Maria Montessori opened the first Casa dei Bambini in San Lorenzo in Rome.

What followed has been called the “discovery of the child” and the realisation that: “…mankind can hope for a solution to its problems, among which the most urgent are those of peace and unity, only by turning its attention and energies to the discovery of the child and to the development of the great potentialities of the human personality in the course of its formation.”

Montessori is one of the most widely implemented educational approaches in the world with over 22,000 schools in 117 countries. The Montessori movement, however, is far broader and works to assist children and their families in a variety of settings.

Montessorians serve as advocates for all children-championing the rights of the child in society.

How Does Montessori Approach Religion

Throughout the world there are individuals, schools, childcare and aged care centres that apply the Montessori Method. They are located in a wide range of cultural and socio-economic settings. Montessori is fundamentally a method of education and as such can be implemented in a variety of educational settings including public schools, independent schools, religious schools, preschools and long day care centres. In recent years it has been applied as a method for reablement and support of people who are aging or perhaps living with dementia or traumatic brain injury. Both religious and secular care centres use this approach because of its person centredness and recognition of the personhood of every human being.

The Montessori approach to education and care has at its centre love for all people no matter the faith or creed by which one lives. Dr Montessori was born into the Christian (Catholic) tradition and much of her writing assumes the existence of a God with whom all people can connect and experience a personal relationship. As she travelled the globe her spiritual journey took many twists and turns, through humanist beliefs and eastern religion. She returned to her Christian faith after a lifetime of studying the development of the human being.

Montessori applied a scientific method to her study of human development and her discoveries led to a better understanding of the personhood of the child and the importance of supporting the child’s development with respect for their unique characteristics revealed from birth to 24 years of age. Personhood relates to the innate value of a human being. This perspective allows the Montessori approach to be applied throughout life into old age.

The Montessori approach is successfully applied to support a person, birth through adult, to explore and understand their spiritual nature and religious practice within their community. For this reason, it is applied across all continents in a variety of religious contexts. Depicted in the Fundamental Human Needs chart, a resource used extensively by children in Montessori schools, Dr Montessori proposed that fundamental human needs could be categorised as, material (shelter, food, clothing, transportation, defence/safety, communication) and spiritual (love, spirituality/religion, culture including the arts & music, and adornment). Montessori environments designed to aid the life of a person should also be designed to meet these needs.

In secular Montessori schools, religion is looked at from a cultural and sociological point of view. Children are invited to explore the cultures throughout the world and can see that there are many different religions. Many of these schools celebrate holidays, such as Christmas, Hanukah, and Chinese New Year, which are religious in origin, but they are experienced on a cultural level as special days of family feasting, merriment, and wonder.

In religious and faith-based schools the Montessori curriculum is freely extended to help the children understand the basis of the particular religious culture of the school or centre. The aim of the approach is to support the child to discover the spiritual truths for themselves by being guided in a specially prepared environment that provides age-appropriate learning materials that allow practical exploration and stimulation of thought.

Montessori schools may be independently owned/operated, Public/State, or faith based. As such, it is up to the individual school/centre to determine its own policies regarding religious education, spiritual beliefs and holiday practices.

Regardless of religious persuasion (humanist, Christian, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, etc), the Montessori approach encourages and supports the child to journey toward being fully alive and to achieve their potential, spiritual, physical, intellectual, psychological & social. In the words of Maria Montessori “The problem of religious education, the importance of which we do not fully realise, should be solved by positive pedagogy……To deny, a priori, the religious sentiment in man, and to deprive humanity of the education of this sentiment, is to commit a pedagogical error…”(Maria Montessori, The Montessori Method)

Montessori Australia, being an umbrella organisation, supports all educational programs that seek to apply the Montessori method for the furthering of human development by nurturing unconditional love and grace toward all people and promoting peace. Currently organisations available in Australia that support the Montessori approach in religious education include: –
• Godly Play Australia: www.godlyplay.com.au
• The Association of The Catechesis of the Good Shepherd Australia: www.cgsaust.org.au

References:
Montessori M, The Montessori Method, 1964, Schocken Books, New York.
Maria Montessori, Fundamental Needs of Humans Chart

Montessori Children's Foundation (MCF)

The Montessori Children’s Foundation’s goal is to make Montessori programmes available to children in Australia, who, for a multitude of reasons, would not otherwise be able to access them. MCF currently focuses on Indigenous and remote communities where the need for quality education and support is intensified by vast distances from the centres of Australian government decision-making, service-delivery and economic activity, and by histories of invasion, appropriation, and neglect. Despite this, in these communities there is a strong desire for a better future, and a deep awareness that the future lies with its children. MCF’s core area of business is early childhood and this is underpinned by four key principles Partnership, Sustainability, Quality and Flexibility.

Their mission is to enhance the dignity and quality of life for indigenous children by inspiring families to provide an ethical framework and a trusted environment that fosters independence, self-reliance and a love of learning and exploring.

Current projects include fundraising for the following community projects:

  • Training and supporting Indigenous facilitators
  • Community engagement
  • Raising Happy Kids program – Cairns
  • Research

Visit their website for details https://mcf.ngo/

International Outreach

Montessori Australia is proud to be able to support colleagues in the wider international Montessori community. Work is carried out in conjunction with the host country and often involves AMI who lead the way with international outreach to uphold the rights of the child in society and make known the child’s importance for the progress of civilisation. Individuals volunteer their time and experience and are financially supported by the host country or AMI, or are self-funded. Regular close liaison with AMI and attendance by many Australians at the AMI AGM and Open Forum in Amsterdam enables us to continue to meet and collaborate with colleagues from all over the world who have the same commitment to children.  Each year at the AMI AGM we hear of further successful efforts by other countries that are able to build on the work of the Australian National Montessori Curriculum and achieve greater levels of government recognition in their own countries.

Educateurs sans Frontieres

In 1999 the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) established the Educateurs sans Frontières (Educators without Borders) to champion the cause of all children and to revisit Montessori principles and practices from the perspective of society at large.

When using the term Educateurs sans Frontières, we refer to borders which transcend the obvious ones to do with nation states. The truly important ones are the psychological and spiritual frontiers – the ideological, religious, racial, social and economic, cultural and linguistic boundaries which artificially divide a humanity as yet largely unaware of its intrinsic unity and its interconnectedness with the earth that brought it forth.

Dr Montessori’s work can be applied in a wide variety of ways which can benefit the cause of the child beyond the school and the home. Her own term for the pedagogy she created was ‘Education as an Aid to Life’, and education as an aid to life is applicable at any time, in any place, within all social strata, through public or private agencies, in settings rural, urban and remote.

When Montessori principles are applied in the wider context of society, their possibilities are vast and all-encompassing. They can be of incalculable help to parents, social workers, child-care workers, family counsellors, in short, to any person involved with the developing human being; they can be, and have been applied with children undergoing lengthy hospitalisation, maladjusted children, physically impaired children, children victims of violence, children abandoned, children at risk.

For further information visit the EsF website http://montessori-esf.org

The Forgotten Citizen

In I947 Maria Montessori wrote a letter which she sent to all governments. Excerpts from this letter are printed below.

“My life has been spent in the research of truth. Through the study of children I have scrutinised human nature at its origin both in the East and the West and although it is forty years now since I began my work, childhood still seems to me an inexhaustible source of revelations and—let me say—hope.

Childhood has shown me that all humanity is one. All children talk, no matter what their race or their circumstances or their family, more or less at the same age; they walk, change their teeth, etc. at certain fixed periods of their life. In other aspects also, especially in the psychical field, they are just as similar, just as susceptible.

Children are the constructors of men whom they build, taking from the environment language, religion, customs and the peculiarities not only of the race, not only of the nation, but even of a special district in which they develop.

…The child is the forgotten citizen, and yet, if statesmen and educationists once came to realise the terrific force that is in childhood …, I feel they would give it priority above everything else. All problems of humanity depend on man himself; if man is disregarded in his construction, the problems will never be solved.

…Man must be cultivated from the beginning of life when the great powers of nature are at work. It is then that one can hope to plan for a better international understanding.”

Mario Montessori

About Maria Montessori

Son of Dr Maria Montessori, lifelong collaborator, and the man who carried the Montessori Method forward after his mother’s death — ensuring its integrity and expansion across the world for decades to come.

⏱ Estimated reading: 3 minutes
✎ From the writings of Marilena Henny–Montessori

Mario Montessori speaking at a podium, holding a portrait of his mother Dr Maria Montessori

Mario Montessori, speaking at a Montessori conference, holding a portrait of his mother Dr Maria Montessori.

Mario Montessori was a simple man, an innocent man. An extremely generous man, a shy man, an exuberant man. A contemplative man, but an active man. A man who loved life passionately and remained young till the day he died.

He loved the earth; what was hidden in it; what lived and grew on it. He loved the sky, the sun, the clouds, the moon and the stars. He loved the wind, the storms and the sea. He loved to fight the elements. He loved to ride, to row and to swim.

Always impeccably groomed, he liked good clothes, and as a young man sported spats and hats and fancy waistcoats. He loved giving extravagant presents — never one rose but at least sixty! He loved food; he loved to cook; he loved to drink and smoke. He loved pretty girls, music and song: there was nothing ascetic about him, though he chose to live an ascetic life.

He was a born teacher. He loved children and especially tiny babies, whom he called miracle makers, and with whom he held long conversations — conversations the newborns, staring at his lips, followed with fascination.

 

“He loved children and especially tiny babies whom he called miracle makers, and with whom he held long conversations, which the newborns, staring at his lips, followed with fascination.”

— Marilena Henny–Montessori, daughter of Mario Montessori

A Conscious and Free Choice

His Love for His Mother and Her Work

All his many loves were nothing compared to his love for his mother and her work. An all-encompassing love which dominated his whole existence. His dedication to her was a conscious and free choice — not the result of mother and son attachment. After all, he was almost fifteen years old when he first knew and lived with her — too late in life to grow a subconscious Oedipus complex. She had no place in his absorbent mind period.

He lived for her, with her, but not through her. The remarkable thing about this man, with no real scholastic or academic background, was the clarity of his total understanding of the workings of her mind. His intuitive intelligence and openness of spirit allowed him to keep abreast with her quantum leaps from the first to the nth dimension — even sometimes arriving just ahead, thus enabling her to soar even further. Nothing she deduced, developed, or stated ever surprised him.

Thanks to him, she never suffered the isolation common to genius, never became static. But he was not just a very bright sounding board for her ideas; he helped her to clarify them and give them shape, enabling her to continue developing her unique mind to the very end.

How Mario Shaped the Montessori Movement

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Collaborator & Clarifier

He helped Maria clarify her ideas and give them shape — presenting new ideas, not only reactions, enabling her to develop her unique vision to the end.

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Organiser & Educator

He organised training courses, examined students, and lectured on materials and practical life — handling all details and complications so Maria could focus on creative work.

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Guardian of the Method

After Maria’s death he led the AMI for decades, fighting against all odds and intrigue to continue the work and preserve the purity of the Montessori Method.

The Pillar of Her Work

He Continued Her Fight After She Died

As the years advanced, their complicity became total. By protecting Maria from all practical details, Mario enabled her to concentrate fully on her creative work. Without him, she would have grown frustrated by the lack of understanding, retreating into spiritual isolation, unable to cope and fight alone to preserve the purity of her work.

By his understanding, his enthusiasm, and his belief in the significance of her cosmic vision for the development of mankind, he became a pillar of her work. When Maria Montessori died in 1952, it was Mario who continued her fight — against all odds, all struggles for power, all intrigues — continuing the fight for the child. The child, father of man.

Marilena Henny–Montessori — daughter of Mario Montessori

“By his understanding, his enthusiasm and belief in the significance of her cosmic vision for the development of mankind, he became a pillar of her work. He continued her fight after she died. Against all odds, all struggles for power, all intrigues, he continued the fight for the child — the child, father of man.”

Mario Montessori, my father, was an extraordinary man.

About the Author

This tribute to Mario Montessori is drawn from the writings of Marilena Henny–Montessori, daughter of Mario Montessori and granddaughter of Dr Maria Montessori. Marilena was one of the four children raised by Mario and his first wife, Helen Christy, in Barcelona and later the Netherlands.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

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Community Updates

30 November 2022

PDF icon DOWNLOAD UPDATE

Thank you to our Montessori community. It’s been a transformational year for Montessori Australia!

Your many ideas and suggestions over the past year – gathered from personal site visits to early childhood centres, schools and aged care facilities, meetings with educators and leaders, surveys, interactions and feedback – have all been invaluable in helping us better understand your needs. Your feedback has allowed us to refine our services to better suit the changing needs of a modern, post-Covid workforce. Although its fundamental principles remain as powerful today as they did a hundred years ago, we believe that Montessori must adapt to the times to stay relevant and to take the movement forward.

Below are some highlights from our efforts to collaborate and innovate. Montessori Australia has achieved the highest level of community support in its 15-year history as the national peak body with nearly 65% of all Montessori programs in the country, including 84% of all schools, now members.

Quality Standards for all Training Traditions

We have brought globally recognised standards for Montessori training to Australia through our accreditation with the Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education (MACTE). Over the last 25 years the Montessori community worldwide has increasingly come to recognise MACTE accreditation as a sign of quality Montessori training and we are proud to represent MACTE in Australasia. 

Quality Standards for all Schools and Centres

Now in its second year, the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice program (MQ:AP) is reinvigorating the quality improvement process for centres and schools through a self-reflective process that is now more in line with Montessori principles. 

Connections with Like-Minded Education Organisations

Many of our workshops, conferences and professional development programs are now accredited with NESA and ACT for Professional Learning hours. Montessori Australia has also sought to increase the exposure of the Montessori movement by making connections with other educational organisations, including the establishment of Transforming Education Australasia (TEA), a new collective for promoting the common agenda of alternative education organisations.

Advancing Montessori Across Australia

In response to your calls for increased advocacy, visibility and marketing, we have held ongoing discussions with ACECQA, NESA, ACARA, and ISA, among other regulatory bodies. Montessori Australia has been working with ACECQA to provide articles, resources and assessor training. Our video Why Montessori? has been used widely to promote Montessori to new schools, services, and is available to centres and schools to use for their own promotional purposes. Traffic on the Montessori Australia website is currently increasing at an average rate of about 12% monthly with unprecedented high click rates on pages in Australia, US, Canada and the UK! We have also sought to showcase Montessori to wider audiences through our conferences and professional development programs, which we have begun to market outside the Montessori community. 

Fostering Australian Research

Montessori Australia has liaised with independent researchers to showcase their work, and supported those embarking upon research in Australia through discussions with several universities. Our website now highlights some excellent contemporary Australian research. Working with you, the community and leading academics in the area, the Early Childhood Focus Group has compiled research on floor beds and has conducted a review of data management systems, two issues of high need for early childhood centres across Australia. Montessori educators, parents, and alumni took part in the second phase of a research project with UNSW to begin to consider and examine alternative outcomes of school success with an invitation to come to take part in the next phase of research with UNSW’s Alternative indicators of school success project. Stay tuned.

Grassroots Work in Focus Groups

We have also become an organisation of unity and inclusion within the Montessori community in Australia. Our action-based Focus Groups are open to everyone, no matter their training background. If you have an interest in participating in any of these focus groups please contact us at info@montessori.org.au

Mentoring and Networking

Montessori Australia has also supported the Montessori community by honouring experienced Montessorians in the community and connecting them with younger educators with two dozen interviews with Montessorians from a range of backgrounds on our bi-monthly Zoom program Montessori Lives! 

Montessori Australia has actively promoted networking within the Montessori community and between Montessorians and the wider educational community with live conferences. Our Early Childhood Best Practice Conference will be on 11-12 March 2023 on the Gold Coast, packed with an impressive lineup of speakers, fun and engaging entertainment and long-missed networking opportunities.  Save the dates for our 2023 events.

Join Us and Get Involved!

We are YOUR peak body. Montessori Australia welcomes everyone with an interest in the Montessori community to get involved at whatever level they are comfortable with. We welcome Montessori educators and leaders of all levels and training traditions. With nearly 65% of all Montessori schools and centres around the country as members, we offer tangible benefits and services. Click here for membership options or to inquire about getting involved with a Focus Group, email us at info@montessori.org.au.

Montessori Australia…Transformational

Your Visit

As all Montessori schools and centres are independently owned and operated, the quality of their Montessori programme may vary.  To know quality, we recommend prospective parents locate their nearest Montessori Registered™ school or centre, identified by these logos on our listing page here.  Visits to these and other schools and centres are encouraged to determine if they are a suitable fit for your child and family.  

When visiting, here are some questions to look for which will indicate a quality Montessori programme:

  • Is the physical environment beautiful?
  • Is there a feeling of peace?
  • Is there a variety of different kinds of work being done?
  • Is there an absence of worksheets and workbooks?
  • Do the children seem to be relaxed and happy?
  • Do the children seem to have a sense of purpose?
  • Are the children kind and courteous with each other?
  • Are the children concentrating very hard on their work?
  • Are the children in primary appearing to work seriously even while some are casually carrying on conversations with others?
  • Does the teacher appear to be constantly aware of the whole room, intervening only when children seem aimless or nonconstructive, or are bothering others?

These are the traits of quality Montessori classrooms.

(List courtesy of Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius, Angeline Stoll Lillard)

We would also recommend that parents assess a Montessori school or centre using the same values as the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) program:

  • All children have the right to an environment that is carefully prepared so that it meets and nurtures the developmental needs of each child.
  • The child is an active participant in the learning process.
  • Multi-age groups aligned with developmental planes provide for optimal social, emotional and cognitive learning.
  • Self-discovery and exploration are important parts of the learning process.
  • A non-competitive approach and the use of self- correcting materials promotes independence and self-con dence.
  • The culturally diverse backgrounds of families and their active involvement in the centre enrich and foster a community that embraces tolerance and cooperation.

Watch a video: Why choose Montessori education for your child?

Why Montessori

Montessori is often described as the best kept secret in education. This is not what Montessori had in mind. She envisioned her approach to education as “an aid to life” that would create peace by transforming society from within, one child at a time. 

Looking at the current state of the world it seems her transformative educational model aimed at nurturing peaceful humans is needed now more than ever before. If Montessori is such a beneficial approach to educating children, why is it still a secret? Too many parents have not heard about Montessori’s life and legacy, perhaps because there has never been a popular book or feature movie made about Dr Montessori’s captivating life story. 

Perhaps another reason this method is still a secret is that Montessori’s name has been tied to the method, and since she died in 1952 it’s tempting for people to see it as obsolete and not relevant to present day conditions. 

Those who learn what the secret is about know that the Montessori method is everything that modern research on best practice in education recommends, and more! This is because the Montessori method is based on scientific observation of how children actually learn.

Watch this video to hear the secret, then help spread the word by linking to this video on your favourite social media sites.

Montessori

Living and learning environments for full human development

Montessori

Biography of Dr. Maria Montessori

Portrait of Dr Maria Montessori, founder of the Montessori Method of education

 
31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952

Maria Montessori

Physician · Educator · Founder of the Montessori Method · Pioneer for Children’s Rights

Maria Montessori was one of the most influential educational thinkers of the twentieth century. Her pioneering work transformed how the world understands children’s learning and development — establishing a philosophy of education that continues to shape classrooms across the globe.

Born on 31 August 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy, Maria defied social convention at every stage of her life: becoming one of the first women to qualify as a doctor in Italy, championing the rights of children with disabilities, founding the first Casa dei Bambini, and ultimately developing an internationally recognised educational philosophy now known as the Montessori Method.

1870 Year of Birth
1907 First Casa dei Bambini
Nobel Prize Nominated
20+ Languages Translated

Early Life & Education

Breaking Barriers: One of Italy’s First Female Doctors

Early photograph of Maria Montessori in a garden setting, circa late 19th century

Maria Montessori in an early garden portrait, circa late 19th century.

Maria Montessori was born to Alessandro Montessori, a civil service accountant, and Renilde Stoppani, a well-read and highly educated woman. The family relocated to Rome in 1875, where Maria was enrolled in the local state school the following year.

From the very beginning, Maria charted her own course. Rather than following the conventional path expected of women at the time, she developed aspirations first in engineering and then, with even greater resolve, in medicine — a field almost entirely dominated by men.

After initially being refused entry to medical school, Maria secured the endorsement of Pope Leo XIII and was admitted to the University of Rome in 1890. Despite facing significant gender-based obstacles throughout her studies, she qualified as a doctor in July 1896, becoming one of the first women in Italy to do so.

 

Social Reform & Children’s Rights

A Champion for Children and Women’s Rights

Maria’s medical career quickly became entwined with broader social concerns. She became known not only for her clinical competence but for the deep respect she extended to patients of all social backgrounds. By 1897, she had joined a research programme at the psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome as a volunteer, igniting a profound interest in children with learning disabilities.

The works of Jean-Marc Itard — famed for his study of the “wild boy of Aveyron” — and his student Édouard Séguin became critical influences on her thinking. Appointed co-director of the Orthophrenic School, Maria began developing the hands-on educational materials that would later form the foundation of the Montessori Method.

In 1898, Maria gave birth to her son Mario, following her relationship with colleague Dr Giuseppe Montesano. That same year, at just twenty-eight years of age, she began publicly advocating the then-controversial view that the lack of support for disabled children — not their inherent limitations — was responsible for many of their difficulties.

“The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to be able to say, ‘The children are now working as if I did not exist.’”

— Maria Montessori

The Montessori Method is Born

1907: The First Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House)

Maria Montessori warmly embracing a young child, demonstrating her child-centred Montessori philosophy

Maria Montessori with a young child — her deep connection with children informed every aspect of the Montessori Method.

From 1901, Maria pursued her own studies in educational philosophy and anthropology, and from 1904 to 1908 she lectured at the Pedagogic School of the University of Rome. It was during this era of rapid urban growth that a pivotal opportunity arose in the San Lorenzo district of Rome — a neighbourhood beset by poverty — where children were left unsupervised at home while their parents worked.

In 1907, Maria opened the first Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House), bringing the educational materials she had developed at the Orthophrenic School into an entirely new context. What emerged was a revelation: children placed in an environment carefully designed to support their natural development demonstrated a remarkable capacity to educate themselves, engaging in sustained, purposeful activity with a focus and independence that few adults expected of them.

By 1909, Maria had delivered her first teacher training course to approximately 100 students. Her lecture notes from this period became the basis for her landmark first book, published in Italy in 1909 and released in the United States in 1912 as The Montessori Method — ultimately translated into more than 20 languages.

International Recognition

A Global Movement: Montessori Education Spreads Worldwide

Reception for Maria Montessori with Alexander Graham Bell in the United States, early 20th century

A reception held in honour of Maria Montessori in the United States, where her work attracted widespread recognition — including from Alexander Graham Bell, pictured second from left.

The years following 1909 brought extraordinary international growth. Montessori societies, teacher training programmes, and schools were established across Europe, America, and beyond. Maria became a celebrated public figure, travelling extensively to the United States, the United Kingdom, and throughout Europe to lecture and train educators.

From 1917, Maria lived in Spain, where she was joined by son Mario and his wife Helen Christy. Together they raised their four children: Mario Jr, Rolando, Marilena, and Renilde. In 1929, mother and son co-founded the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) to safeguard the integrity of her work and ensure its continuation.

 

1909

First teacher training course delivered to ~100 students; The Montessori Method published in Italy.

 

1912

The Montessori Method published in the United States, sparking widespread international interest.

 

1917

Maria relocates to Spain; Montessori schools spreading across Europe and the Americas.

 

1929

Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) co-founded by Maria and Mario Montessori.

 

1933

Nazi Germany closes all Montessori schools; Mussolini follows suit in Italy, forcing Maria into exile.

 

1936

Fleeing the Spanish Civil War, Maria and Mario travel to England, then settle in the Netherlands.

India 1939–1946

Seven Years in India: The Birth of Cosmic Education

Maria Montessori dressed in a sari, photographed with son Mario and Indian colleagues during her time in India circa 1939 to 1946

Maria Montessori dressed in a sari, photographed with son Mario and Indian colleagues during her years in India.

What began as a three-month lecture tour of India in 1939 became a seven-year stay. When the Second World War broke out, Mario was interned as an Italian citizen by the British government, and Maria was placed under house arrest.

Far from halting her work, the years in India proved extraordinarily productive. Maria immersed herself deeply in Indian culture — including adopting traditional dress — and developed her educational approach for children aged 6–12 years, which she called Cosmic Education: a holistic framework connecting children to the interconnectedness of all life and knowledge.

On her 70th birthday, Maria requested that Mario be freed from internment. The request was granted, and together they went on to train more than a thousand Indian teachers during their time in the country.

 

Later Life & Enduring Legacy

A Legacy That Spans Continents and Generations

Nobel Peace Prize Nominations

Maria Montessori was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in three consecutive years — 1949, 1950, and 1951 — in recognition of her lifelong work promoting peace through education. In 1947, she addressed UNESCO on the theme Education and Peace, arguing that authentic education is the surest foundation for a peaceful world.

Maria and Mario returned to the Netherlands in 1946. Her final years were marked by continued international advocacy and recognition. Her last public engagement was the 9th International Montessori Congress in London in 1951. Maria Montessori passed away on 6 May 1952 at the age of 81 in the Netherlands, bequeathing the entirety of her life’s work to her son Mario.

The Montessori Method she founded continues to be practised in thousands of schools across more than 100 countries. In Australia, Montessori education is recognised by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) as an alternative national curriculum framework.

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The Montessori Method (1909)

Her foundational text, translated into over 20 languages, remains a key reference for Montessori educators worldwide.

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Association Montessori Internationale

Co-founded in 1929 with Mario Montessori, the AMI continues to uphold the integrity of authentic Montessori practice globally.

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Montessori Education in Australia

ACARA-recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework, with Montessori Australia as the National Peak Body since 2007.

Maria Montessori’s biography is maintained by Montessori Australia, the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007. For more information about the Montessori Method, Montessori schools in Australia, and the Montessori National Curriculum recognised by ACARA, visit my.montessori.org.au.

Timeline of Dr Maria Montessori's Life

About Maria Montessori

A comprehensive chronology of the life and work of Dr Maria Montessori — physician, educator, and founder of the Montessori Method of education. From her birth in 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy, to her passing in 1952 in the Netherlands, this timeline documents the key milestones of a life devoted to children and peace.

1870

Maria Montessori is born on 31 August in Chiaravalle, Ancona province, Italy, to Alessandro Montessori, a civil servant, and Renilde Stoppani, a well-educated and progressive woman.

1875–1876

The Montessori family moves to Rome. The following year Maria is enrolled in the local state school. She later enrols in a boys’ technical school in Rome, with a science and engineering emphasis — defying the era’s expectations for girls.

1890

Against opposition from her father, Maria pursues her ambition to become a doctor. After initial rejection, she is eventually admitted to the University of Rome medical programme — reportedly with the endorsement of Pope Leo XIII.

1896 — Milestone

Becomes one of the first women to obtain a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Rome. She specialises in psychiatry and paediatrics.

Represents Italy at the International Women’s Congress in Berlin, delivering an address on the rights of working women, including equal pay for equal work. Studies the writings of French doctors Itard and Séguin, who worked with children with disabilities.

1897–1899

Audits courses in pedagogy at the University of Rome and reads all major works in educational philosophy over the previous 200 years.

In 1899, attends a women’s congress in London and is received by Queen Victoria. Begins a lectureship in hygiene and anthropology at the teacher training college for women in Rome (1899–1906).

1900

Works at the psychiatric clinic in Rome. Appointed director of the Orthophrenic School — a model institution for training teachers of children with developmental disabilities. Over two years, she experiments with sensory materials, achieving results so remarkable that some students pass the same state exams as typically developing children.

1901–1908

Begins a second degree in education, experimental psychology, and anthropology at the University of Rome. Visits elementary schools to conduct anthropological research.

From 1904–1908, lectures in anthropology and biology at the University of Rome’s school of education, incorporating clinical observations from Rome’s elementary schools. These lectures become the basis of Pedagogical Anthropology (1910).

6 January 1907 — Landmark

The First Casa dei Bambini Opens

The first Children’s House (Casa dei Bambini) opens at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome on the Feast of the Epiphany. This is the moment the Montessori Method is born. Children aged three to six, placed in a carefully prepared environment with child-sized furniture and specially designed materials, demonstrate an extraordinary capacity to educate themselves.

1908–1909

A second Children’s House on Via Solari in Milan, run by Anna Maria Maccheroni, opens in 1908.

In 1909, Maria gives the first training course in her method to approximately 100 students in Rome. In the space of a month, she writes her first book: Il Metodo della Pedagogia Scientifica applicato all’educazione infantile nelle Case dei Bambini. It will be translated into over 20 languages. The English edition is titled The Montessori Method.

1910–1911

Two parallel teacher training courses held in Rome (1910). Second book published: L’Antropologia pedagogica (Pedagogical Anthropology).

In 1911, Maria resigns her teaching post at the University of Rome and gives up her private medical practice to concentrate entirely on education. The Montessori Method is already being practised in English and Argentinean schools and is beginning to spread into Italian and Swiss primary schools. Model schools are established in Paris, New York, and Boston.

1912

The English edition of The Montessori Method is published in the United States in an edition of 5,000 copies. Within days, it sells out, reaching second place on the year’s nonfiction bestseller list.

1913

Runs the First International Training Course in Rome under the patronage of Queen Margherita. Students attend from Italy, Europe, Australia, South Africa, India, China, the Philippines, the United States, and Canada.

The Montessori Educational Association is founded in the United States, with members including Alexander Graham Bell, his wife Mabel Bell, and President Wilson’s daughter, Margaret Woodrow Wilson. Maria makes her first trip to the United States.

1914–1915

Second International Training Course in Rome (1914). Third book, Dr. Montessori’s Own Handbook, published in New York.

Second trip to the United States (1915), accompanied by her son Mario. At the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, a Montessori class works in a glass pavilion, observed by thousands of visitors. The classroom wins two gold medals.

1916

Moves to Barcelona at the invitation of the city government; Barcelona remains her home until General Franco’s coup in 1936. Fourth International Training Course held in Barcelona. A model Montessori school, a children’s chapel, and a teacher training institute are established in Barcelona with backing from the Catalan government. Fourth book published: L’autoeducazione nelle Scuole Elementari (English title: The Advanced Montessori Method).

1919–1925

Training course in London (1919) using the format that would become standard: fifty hours of lectures, fifty hours of teaching with materials, fifty hours of classroom observation. Training courses continue in London, Milan, Amsterdam, and Dublin through the early 1920s.

In 1920, lectures at Amsterdam University, outlining for the first time her ideas on secondary school education. In 1921, helps found the New Education Fellowship (today the World Education Fellowship).

In 1924, meets Benito Mussolini, resulting in official recognition and the widespread establishment of Montessori schools across Italy. In 1925, Mario Montessori takes the London training course and receives his Montessori Diploma. In 1926, Maria speaks on “Education and Peace” at the League of Nations in Geneva.

1929 — Landmark

Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Founded

The First International Montessori Congress is held in Helsingør, Denmark. Maria and her son Mario co-found the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI), initially headquartered in Berlin (moving to Amsterdam in 1935), to protect and promote the integrity of Montessori education worldwide. A Montessori teacher training centre with a model school has been built in Rome, with Maria’s direct collaboration with the architects.

1931–1932

International training courses in Rome and England (1931). Lectures at Berlin University. Mahatma Gandhi visits Montessori schools in Rome.

Second International Montessori Congress in Nice (1932). Maria delivers lecture Peace and Education, published by the International Bureau of Education, Geneva.

1933–1934

The Nazis systematically destroy the Montessori movement in Germany, closing all Montessori schools in 1933. Third International Montessori Congress held in Amsterdam.

In 1934, following conflicts with the Fascist system, all Montessori schools in Italy “cease to exist … in a single day” (Rita Kramer). Fourth International Montessori Congress held in Rome.

1936

Fifth International Montessori Congress in Oxford, England; further principles of Montessori education for Cosmic Education and secondary schools are developed.

General Franco’s coup forces Maria to flee Barcelona for England, then Amsterdam. The Netherlands becomes her home. A training centre with model school is established in Laren, near Amsterdam — where Cosmic Education materials are used for the first time. AMI headquarters moves to Amsterdam. At this time, there are over 200 Montessori schools in the Netherlands alone. The Secret of Childhood published in London.

1937–1938

Sixth International Montessori Congress in Copenhagen (1937); theme: “Educate for Peace.” Maria delivers several lectures later collected in Education and Peace.

Seventh International Montessori Congress in Edinburgh (1938). Speech at the Sorbonne in Paris, making one of her many public appeals for peace.

1939–1946 — India

Seven Years in India: The Birth of Cosmic Education

Maria departs for India with Mario to run what was to be a three-month training course at the invitation of the Theosophical Society. When Italy enters the Second World War in 1940, Mario is interned as an enemy alien and Maria is confined to the compound — though permitted to continue her work.

Mario is released in August 1940, out of the Viceroy’s respect for Maria and in honour of her 70th birthday. Together they run training courses in Madras, Kodaikanal, Karachi, Ahmedabad, and Ceylon, training thousands of teachers.

It is in India that Maria further develops the Cosmic Education Plan for the Elementary years — connecting children aged 6–12 to the interconnectedness of all life, knowledge, and history. The Child (1941) and Reconstruction in Education (1942) published in India.

1946–1948

Maria and Mario return to Europe in 1946. Training course in London; visit to Scotland. Education for a New World published in India.

In 1947, Maria and Mario establish a Montessori Centre in London. Trip to Italy: revival of the Montessori Society; Montessori establishments begin to reopen. Return visit to India to give a training course in Adyar.

In 1948, training courses in Ahmedabad, Adyar, and Poona; lectures in Bombay. The Discovery of the Child, To Educate the Human Potential, and What You Should Know about Your Child published in Madras. De l’enfant à l’adolescent published in French.

1949–1951 — Landmark

Nobel Peace Prize — Nominated Three Consecutive Years

Maria Montessori is nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1949, 1950, and 1951 in recognition of her lifelong contribution to peace through education. In 1949, The Absorbent Mind — widely regarded as her masterwork — is published in India. Also published: Formazione dell’uomo (The Formation of Man).

Eighth International Montessori Congress in San Remo, Italy (1949). Lecture tour of Norway and Sweden (1950). Speaks at the General Conference of UNESCO in Florence. International conference held in Amsterdam in honour of Maria Montessori’s 80th birthday.

Ninth International Montessori Congress in London (1951). Last training course run by Maria Montessori, held in Innsbruck, Austria.

6 May 1952

Maria Montessori Passes Away, Age 81

Maria Montessori dies peacefully in Noordwijk aan Zee, Netherlands. She is buried at the local Catholic cemetery. On her gravestone, by her own request, reads:

“I beg the dear all-powerful children to unite with me for the building of peace in Man and in the World.”

Her son Mario continued her work, leading the AMI for decades. Today, an estimated 20,000 Montessori schools operate across more than 110 countries — the enduring legacy of a life lived entirely in service of children and peace.

This timeline is maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

The First Casa dei Bambini

About Maria Montessori

On 6 January 1907, in the poverty-stricken San Lorenzo district of Rome, Dr Maria Montessori opened the first Casa dei Bambini — Children’s House. What followed was a revelation that would change education forever and give birth to the global Montessori Method.

📍 San Lorenzo, Rome, Italy

Historical photograph of the courtyard at the first Casa dei Bambini in the San Lorenzo district of Rome, 1907, where Dr Maria Montessori opened the first Montessori Children's House

The courtyard of the San Lorenzo tenement in Rome where the first Casa dei Bambini was established, 6 January 1907.

San Lorenzo, 1907

A District in the Shadows

At the turn of the twentieth century, Rome was a city in rapid development, gripped by a mania for building. Among the last plots to be filled was a tract bordered by ancient Roman walls on one side and a cemetery on the other — considered unlucky and long avoided. A building society eventually invested in the site, erecting five enormous tenement buildings. But the scheme was too vast, the society went bankrupt, and the buildings stood abandoned for years: roofless, without plumbing, open to the elements.

Over time, thousands of homeless people took shelter in these skeletal structures. Criminals, the destitute, and those hiding from authorities crowded into the ruins. The police avoided the area. No vendors would enter. The Quartiere di San Lorenzo became known across Italy as a place of shame — a district of crime, disease, and despair.

A new building society, seeing a business opportunity in the existing walls, invested in minimal renovations: whitewash, doors, windows, and basic plumbing. They selected the most settled residents — married couples — and began moving people in. Among the approximately 10,000 inhabitants, there were just fifty children.

“The Quartiere di San Lorenzo became known as the shame of Italy. People were too afraid to do anything about it; no one knew what happened within those dark walls.”

— Dr Maria Montessori

The Problem of the Children

Fifty Children, No School, No Teacher

While the building society had invested in housing, nobody had thought about the children. Left alone while their parents worked, the fifty children — aged two to six — roamed the tenement freely, causing damage and living in near-feral conditions. The director of the concern concluded that the only solution was to collect all the children in one room to keep them out of mischief.

One room was set aside. As Maria Montessori later recalled, it resembled in every way a children’s prison. There were no toys, no school, no teacher, and no resources of any kind. It was hoped that someone would be found with enough social courage to take on the challenge.

Maria, in her capacity as medical officer of hygiene, was approached. She agreed to take an interest — on the condition that basic standards of hygiene, food, and sanitation be provided. Society ladies were enlisted to raise funds. A woman of forty was found and put in charge. And so, on 6 January 1907 — the Feast of the Epiphany, the traditional day of celebration for children across Italy — the first Casa dei Bambini was inaugurated.

The Inauguration

6 January 1907 — Feast of the Epiphany

The first Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House) opens at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome. Fifty children, aged two to six — dressed alike in stiff blue drill, frightened and crying — enter the room that will change the history of education.

The Discovery

Children Taught Themselves

Maria brought to the room some of the materials she had used in experimental psychology — what we know today as sensorial materials and exercises of practical life. Her intention was simply to observe the children’s reactions. She instructed the woman in charge not to interfere with the children in any way.

What she witnessed was profound. The children, placed in a clean environment with interesting occupations that nobody interfered with, began gradually to work with deep concentration. From timid, frightened, and wild, they became sociable and communicative. Their personalities grew. They showed extraordinary understanding, vivacity, and confidence. They were happy.

Their mothers noticed the transformation at home too. The children began pointing out a spot of dirt on a dress, tidying their rooms, asking their mothers to put flowers in the windows instead of hanging washing there. The children’s influence quietly transformed the lives of the families around them.

Six months after opening, the mothers came to Maria and asked — since she had already done so much for their children, and they themselves could not, being illiterate — would she teach the children to read and write? Maria was initially reluctant, convinced the children were too young. But she gave them the alphabet in a new way, analysing each sound and matching it to its symbol. What followed is now known as the explosion into writing — a spontaneous, joyful burst of literacy that astonished the world.

What Maria Observed

🧠

Deep Concentration

Children chose their work freely and repeated activities with sustained, unbroken focus — a phenomenon Maria called normalisation.

🤝

Natural Cooperation

Without instruction, children demonstrated a natural tendency toward order, grace, and courtesy with one another and with visitors.

Spontaneous Literacy

The famous “explosion into writing” — children taught themselves to read and write through the prepared Montessori materials, astonishing educators worldwide.

The Inauguration Speech

A Vision Declared

When called upon to make a speech at the inauguration, Maria had been reading the lesson for the Feast of the Epiphany in her mass book that morning. She read the passage aloud as an omen for the work to follow — a passage from Isaiah, ending with the words: “And the Gentiles shall walk in thy light, and kings in the brightness of thy rising.”

Inspired, she told those gathered that this work they were undertaking would prove to be very important, and that some day people would come from all parts of the world to see it. The press reported her speech politely — noting what an exaggeration it had been. History proved otherwise.

Dr Maria Montessori, 1942 — Reflecting on that day

“One day I looked at them with eyes which saw them differently and I asked myself: ‘Who are you, are you the same children you were before?’ And I said within myself: ‘Perhaps you are those children of whom it was said that they would come to save humanity. If so, I shall follow you.’ Since then, I am she who tries to grasp their message and to follow them.”

— Dr Maria Montessori

35 Years Later

Maria Montessori’s Anniversary Address, 6 January 1942

On the 35th anniversary of the opening of the first Casa dei Bambini, Maria Montessori spoke to her students, reflecting on what had happened in that room in San Lorenzo. The following are her words.

“Today is the anniversary of the opening of the first House of Children. When I tell you briefly how it started, the few words of its history will seem like a fairy-tale, but their message may also prove useful.”

“Many times people ask with doubt in their minds whether the method is suitable for poor children and whether it is at all adaptable to them.”

“The children were quiet, they had no interference either from the teacher or from the parents… little by little the children began to work with concentration and the transformation they underwent was noticeable. From timid and wild as they were before, the children became sociable and communicative… Their personalities grew and, strange though it may seem, they showed extraordinary understanding, activity, vivacity and confidence. They were happy and joyous.”

“The most outstanding thing about these strange children of the St. Lawrence Quarter was their obvious gratitude… although nobody had cared for them physically, they flourished in health as if they had been secretly fed on some nourishing food. And so they had, but in their spirit.”

“What happened more than thirty years ago now will always remain a mystery to me… It is not possible that it came because of my method, for at the time my method did not yet exist. This is the clearest proof that it was a revelation that emanated from the children themselves.”

“Anyone who wants to follow my method must understand that he should not honour me but follow the child as his leader.”

— Dr Maria Montessori, 6 January 1942

The Legacy of San Lorenzo

From One Room to 20,000 Schools Worldwide

The news of what was happening at San Lorenzo spread rapidly — first across Rome, then throughout Italy, then to the world. Journalists, ministers, educators, and eventually royalty came to observe. The children received them all with natural grace and poise that nobody had taught them. The Queen of Italy herself visited the quarter that had been considered “hell’s doors” to see the children with her own eyes.

Maria Montessori was then nearly forty years old. She had a flourishing medical career and a professorship at the University of Rome before her. She left both. She felt compelled to follow the children — and to find others who could follow them too.

50 Children in 1907
20+ Languages Translated
110+ Countries Worldwide
20,000 Montessori Schools Today

The Cornerstone of the Montessori Method

“Through Dr Montessori’s observations and work with these children she discovered their astonishing, almost effortless ability to learn. Children taught themselves! This simple but profound truth formed the cornerstone of her life-long pursuit of educational reform.”

Montessori Australia — National Peak Body for Montessori Education since 2007

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Mario Montessori

About Maria Montessori

Son of Dr Maria Montessori, lifelong collaborator, and the man who carried the Montessori Method forward after his mother’s death — ensuring its integrity and expansion across the world for decades to come.

⏱ Estimated reading: 3 minutes
✎ From the writings of Marilena Henny–Montessori

Mario Montessori speaking at a podium, holding a portrait of his mother Dr Maria Montessori

Mario Montessori, speaking at a Montessori conference, holding a portrait of his mother Dr Maria Montessori.

Mario Montessori was a simple man, an innocent man. An extremely generous man, a shy man, an exuberant man. A contemplative man, but an active man. A man who loved life passionately and remained young till the day he died.

He loved the earth; what was hidden in it; what lived and grew on it. He loved the sky, the sun, the clouds, the moon and the stars. He loved the wind, the storms and the sea. He loved to fight the elements. He loved to ride, to row and to swim.

Always impeccably groomed, he liked good clothes, and as a young man sported spats and hats and fancy waistcoats. He loved giving extravagant presents — never one rose but at least sixty! He loved food; he loved to cook; he loved to drink and smoke. He loved pretty girls, music and song: there was nothing ascetic about him, though he chose to live an ascetic life.

He was a born teacher. He loved children and especially tiny babies, whom he called miracle makers, and with whom he held long conversations — conversations the newborns, staring at his lips, followed with fascination.

 

“He loved children and especially tiny babies whom he called miracle makers, and with whom he held long conversations, which the newborns, staring at his lips, followed with fascination.”

— Marilena Henny–Montessori, daughter of Mario Montessori

A Conscious and Free Choice

His Love for His Mother and Her Work

All his many loves were nothing compared to his love for his mother and her work. An all-encompassing love which dominated his whole existence. His dedication to her was a conscious and free choice — not the result of mother and son attachment. After all, he was almost fifteen years old when he first knew and lived with her — too late in life to grow a subconscious Oedipus complex. She had no place in his absorbent mind period.

He lived for her, with her, but not through her. The remarkable thing about this man, with no real scholastic or academic background, was the clarity of his total understanding of the workings of her mind. His intuitive intelligence and openness of spirit allowed him to keep abreast with her quantum leaps from the first to the nth dimension — even sometimes arriving just ahead, thus enabling her to soar even further. Nothing she deduced, developed, or stated ever surprised him.

Thanks to him, she never suffered the isolation common to genius, never became static. But he was not just a very bright sounding board for her ideas; he helped her to clarify them and give them shape, enabling her to continue developing her unique mind to the very end.

How Mario Shaped the Montessori Movement

💬

Collaborator & Clarifier

He helped Maria clarify her ideas and give them shape — presenting new ideas, not only reactions, enabling her to develop her unique vision to the end.

📋

Organiser & Educator

He organised training courses, examined students, and lectured on materials and practical life — handling all details and complications so Maria could focus on creative work.

🌐

Guardian of the Method

After Maria’s death he led the AMI for decades, fighting against all odds and intrigue to continue the work and preserve the purity of the Montessori Method.

The Pillar of Her Work

He Continued Her Fight After She Died

As the years advanced, their complicity became total. By protecting Maria from all practical details, Mario enabled her to concentrate fully on her creative work. Without him, she would have grown frustrated by the lack of understanding, retreating into spiritual isolation, unable to cope and fight alone to preserve the purity of her work.

By his understanding, his enthusiasm, and his belief in the significance of her cosmic vision for the development of mankind, he became a pillar of her work. When Maria Montessori died in 1952, it was Mario who continued her fight — against all odds, all struggles for power, all intrigues — continuing the fight for the child. The child, father of man.

Marilena Henny–Montessori — daughter of Mario Montessori

“By his understanding, his enthusiasm and belief in the significance of her cosmic vision for the development of mankind, he became a pillar of her work. He continued her fight after she died. Against all odds, all struggles for power, all intrigues, he continued the fight for the child — the child, father of man.”

Mario Montessori, my father, was an extraordinary man.

About the Author

This tribute to Mario Montessori is drawn from the writings of Marilena Henny–Montessori, daughter of Mario Montessori and granddaughter of Dr Maria Montessori. Marilena was one of the four children raised by Mario and his first wife, Helen Christy, in Barcelona and later the Netherlands.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools, Montessori teacher training Australia, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Education

About Montessori

Montessori Education

The Montessori Vision:
An Education for Life

Montessori is not merely a classroom style or a trend in pedagogy. It is a method committed to supporting the full development of the human being — from birth through to maturity — viewing education as an “aid to life.”

22,000+ Schools Worldwide
150 Countries
360+ Programs in Australia
26,000+ Australian Children

A Broad, Holistic Vision

Education as an Aid to Life

At its heart, Montessori education prepares children not just for the next grade level, but for the complex and beautiful world they will one day lead. This visionary approach is active in over 22,000 schools across 150 countries, representing a century of success that remains unparalleled in the history of modern education.

The Montessori method is built on the belief that every child is born with an internal “blue-print” for development. Rather than imposing a rigid, external curriculum, we follow the child’s natural trajectory — inspiring a lifelong love of learning fuelled by their own curiosity.

“In our classrooms, children evolve into confident, responsible, and independent learners who possess a quiet, unshakeable trust in their own abilities.”

Montessori Australia — National Peak Body for Montessori Education since 2007

The Prepared Environment

A Sanctuary for Purposeful Work

Imagine a learning environment where the furniture is sized for the child, the materials are beautiful and tactile, and the atmosphere is one of focused calm. Montessori classrooms are prepared environments designed specifically to respond to a child’s innate tendency toward meaningful work.

Children possess a natural passion for learning that traditional settings often overlook. We encourage this by providing opportunities to engage in spontaneous, purposeful activities under the expert guidance of a trained Montessori educator. Through this work, children develop an extraordinary level of concentration and what we call “joyful self-discipline.”

🌱

Child-Led Learning

Children progress at their own pace and rhythm, ensuring their education is as unique as their individual capabilities.

🧘

Joyful Self-Discipline

Within a framework of order and community, children develop deep concentration and a lifelong love of purposeful work.

🤝

Inclusive Community

Mixed-age classrooms foster empathy, leadership, and positive social development alongside academic growth.

The Legacy of a Scientist

Dr Maria Montessori

The method we practise today is the legacy of Dr Maria Montessori — a physician, anthropologist, and educator who was one of the first women to graduate from the University of Rome’s medical school. Her unique method was not “invented” in a laboratory but was painstakingly refined over a professional career spanning more than fifty years.

Dr Montessori based her work on intense, scientific observation of children from nearly every ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic background. She saw that the needs of the child are universal, and her deep understanding of child development allowed her to create a system that respects the dignity of the child as a “constructor of man.”

Experience the Difference

See Montessori in Action

The best way to understand the “magic” of a Montessori education is to see it through the eyes of the children who live it every day.

Montessori in Australia

A Flourishing Movement Across the Country

In Australia, the Montessori movement is flourishing, offering a seamless educational journey for children from as young as 6 weeks old through to 18 years of age. Montessori programs are integrated into the very fabric of the Australian community, found within early childhood services, preschools, kindergartens, and both primary and secondary schools.

 

There are currently more than 360 Montessori programs operating across Australia.

 

Over 26,000 Australian children are currently being educated in Montessori settings.

 

The majority of programs are operated by not-for-profit, community-based associations, with a growing number of privately-owned centres and programs integrated within the public school system.

A Connection to Culture and Land

Montessori in Remote Indigenous Communities

One of the most meaningful expressions of the Montessori philosophy in Australia is its presence in remote Indigenous communities. The Montessori approach — with its emphasis on respect, independence, and the environment — unites naturally with the ancient culture and heritage of First Nations Australians. By honouring the child’s connection to their community and their land, Montessori education helps provide a culturally resonant pathway to academic and personal success.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools Australia, Montessori teacher training, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Educators

Montessori Education

In Montessori classrooms around the globe, the traditional role of a “teacher” is reimagined. The position is held by a trained educator, professionally referred to as a Montessori Director, Directress, or Guide — a title that is wholly intentional.

This title signifies one who directs the child’s natural energy toward constructive work, rather than one who imposes a rigid curriculum from above. It is a distinction that reflects the very philosophy at the heart of Montessori education: the child leads; the educator follows, guides, and prepares.

Qualifications & Preparation

A Specialised and Rigorous Training

Montessori educators typically hold a standard teaching qualification, but their expertise is defined by an additional, specialised Montessori teacher education diploma. This rigorous Montessori training focuses on three core pillars:

🧠

Developmental Psychology

Understanding foundational theory such as the “sensitive periods” of childhood and how children naturally absorb their environment.

📚

Pedagogical Mastery

Learning the precise mechanics and sequence of hundreds of unique Montessori materials — each with a specific purpose and presentation.

🪞

Self-Reflective Practice

Cultivating the personal temperament required to lead with peace and objectivity — the inner work that underpins authentic Montessori teaching.

The Educator as Scientific Observer

Watching, Recording, and Responding

The Montessori Director is, foremost, a scientific observer. Their task is to unobtrusively yet carefully monitor each child’s development, recognising and interpreting their unique needs. By maintaining a detailed record of a child’s choices and social interactions, the Director can determine the exact moment a child is ready for a new challenge.

This observational discipline is not passive; it is a sophisticated professional skill that ensures every child’s learning journey is individually tailored, never rushed, and never held back.

Dr Maria Montessori

“The teacher’s first duty is to watch over the environment, and this takes precedence over all the rest. Its influence is indirect, but unless it be well done there will be no effective and permanent results of any kind, physical, intellectual or spiritual.”

The Link to the Prepared Environment

Bridging Child, Environment, and Family

The Directress provides the vital link between the child and the Prepared Environment. They introduce the child to each piece of equipment at precisely the right moment — doing so in a way that is precise, clear, and enticing. This presentation is a professional art form: minimising words so the child can focus entirely on the logic of the material.

On a broader professional level, the educator serves as the essential link between the classroom and the parent. Through regular meetings and progress discussions, the Director helps parents understand how to support their child’s burgeoning independence at home — extending the Montessori experience beyond the classroom walls.

📋

Child ↔ Environment

Introducing each material at the precise moment of readiness, with a presentation that is clear, minimal, and purposeful.

🏠

Classroom ↔ Family

Regular parent meetings and progress discussions help families support their child’s independence and growth at home.

The Montessori Assistant

Supporting the Environment

The Directress is supported by a Montessori Assistant, whose role is foundational to the classroom’s success. The Assistant ensures the environment functions smoothly, allowing the Director to give each child the focused, uninterrupted attention they deserve.

🧹

Environmental Stewardship

Assisting with the daily preparation and maintenance of the materials to ensure they remain complete, orderly, and inviting for every child.

🤝

Group Facilitation

Managing the collective needs of the classroom so the Director can provide uninterrupted individual lessons to each child in their care.

🕊

Grace and Courtesy

Modelling the social norms of the community, ensuring the classroom atmosphere remains one of mutual respect, calm, and warmth.

Professional Attributes

Calm. Consistent. Courteous. Caring.

To be a successful Montessorian, one must embody specific professional standards — serving as an example to every child in the community. While the work requires significant technical skill, the most important attribute remains the profound love and respect held for each child’s total being.

Calm
Consistent
Courteous
Caring
Scientific Observer
Peaceful Leader

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori teacher training Australia, Montessori schools, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Classrooms

Montessori Education

The Montessori Prepared Environment

A Montessori classroom is specifically designed to meet the physical and psychological needs of the child at each stage of development. Far from a static space, the curriculum is embedded within the environment itself — through a carefully designed and sequenced range of hands-on learning materials and activities.

The beauty, order, and accessibility of the Montessori classroom serve to entice the child into activity. Guided by the Montessori teacher, the child explores these materials independently — and it is in this space of independence that true learning occurs. Because children engage with activities according to their individual interests and at their own pace, the learning experience becomes highly personalised.

These materials are crafted to stimulate logical thought and independent discovery, functioning as “keys” to the child’s development at each stage of life.

A Social Community

More Than a Classroom — A Vibrant Community

The three-year age range is a cornerstone of the Montessori social structure. To gain the full benefit of this social and academic evolution, children attend daily and remain for a full three-year cycle.

🤜

Peer Mentorship

Older children reinforce their own knowledge by teaching the younger ones, deepening understanding through the act of sharing it.

Inspiration

Younger children are naturally inspired toward more advanced work by observing their older peers in the same environment.

🌐

Co-operation

Each child works at their own pace, unhindered by competition and encouraged by a spirit of genuine co-operation and community.

The Three-Year Cycle

Understanding the Planes of Development

A defining feature of the Montessori environment is the multi-age grouping, typically spanning a three-year period. Unlike traditional grade levels that group children by a single birth year, Montessori recognises that development is not linear. Each grouping is designed to respond to the unique physical, social, and psychological characteristics of that specific stage of life — aligned with the Planes of Development identified by Dr Maria Montessori.

0–3 Years The Nido and Infant Community

Focuses on the development of movement, language, and the refinement of basic motor skills. The environment provides a secure “home-base” for the child’s first experiences of independence.

3–6 Years The Children’s House — The Absorbent Mind

Children at this age are sensory explorers, refining their coordination and social grace while building the foundations for literacy and numeracy.

6–12 Years Primary / Elementary — The Reasoning Mind

The focus shifts to the “Why” and “How” of the world. The multi-age setting allows for complex collaborative projects and the development of a moral compass.

12–18 Years Erdkinder / Secondary — Social Construction

Focuses on finding one’s place in the broader world, supporting the adolescent’s need for real-world contribution and economic independence.

Key Principles

What Defines the Prepared Environment

To maintain the integrity of the Prepared Environment, several core principles must be upheld by the Montessori educator at all times.

🧗

Independence

The environment enables the child to become physically independent of the adult — building the confidence to choose and decide for themselves.

🔍

Indirect Preparation

Activities are designed with a specific developmental aim, while also secretly preparing the child for future milestones — such as sensorial activities that build a foundation for later abstract mathematics.

Order

Order pervades the environment — both physical order in the placement of materials, and intangible order in the consistency and approach of the adults present.

🤚

Choice & Freedom

The environment provides the freedom to choose, to work without interruption, and to follow one’s own rhythm — provided the child’s activity does not interfere with the rights and freedoms of others.

🧑‍🤝‍🧑

Mixed Age Range

A non-negotiable element that creates a non-competitive atmosphere and directly prepares the child for living in a diverse society.

🚶

Movement

The environment must allow for free movement so the child can bring themselves into contact with the people and things necessary for their own development.

Control of Error

Materials are designed so the child can recognise and correct their own mistakes, fostering the understanding that it is “all right to be wrong” and that mistakes are tools for learning.

The Role of the Adult

A Fundamental Part of the Environment

In a Montessori setting, the adult is considered a fundamental part of the environment. However, their role differs significantly from a teacher in a traditional classroom.

Rather than teaching in a top-down manner, the Montessori adult acts as a facilitator. Their goal is to empower the child to teach themselves — following the internal urges that lead the child to take exactly what they need from the people and things around them.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools Australia, Montessori teacher training, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Programmes

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Education Framework

Montessori Programmes

A full continuum of education from birth to eighteen years, grounded in Dr. Montessori’s understanding of how children naturally grow, learn and contribute to the world.

Plane 1  Birth–6 Plane 2  6–12 Plane 3  12–18 Plane 4  18–24

Montessori classrooms are multi-aged learning environments based on Dr. Montessori’s stage theory of human development. She believed that if education followed the natural development of the child, society would gradually move toward a higher level of co-operation, peace and harmony.

— Dr. Maria Montessori, The Four Planes of Development

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Birth to 3 Years · First Plane of Development

Infant & Toddler Programme

The most fundamental period of human development — forming intelligence, language and the core of personality.

During the first three years of life the child’s intelligence is formed. They acquire the culture and language into which they have been born. An understanding of this development allows environments to be prepared to foster independence, motor development and language acquisition.

Nido — Italian for ‘Nest’

The early childhood setting for children from eight weeks old to the developmental milestone of independent walking. Created especially to support working parents.

Infant Community

After children begin to walk, they join the toddler group where primary motor coordination, independence and language are cultivated — a nurturing community offering first structured contact with other children.

Parent-Infant / Parent-Toddler Programme

An environment where parents and children from 8 weeks to 3 years interact with the guidance of a trained Montessori educator. Parents learn to observe their children and understand what experiences to offer them.


🏡
3 to 6 Years · First Plane of Development

Children’s House

Self-construction through purposeful work in a rich, prepared environment that brings the world to the child.

Montessori ‘school’ starts at three years of age. The pre-school environment serves the child’s drive for self-construction abundantly, bringing the world to them through globes, maps, songs, land forms and collections of cultural materials from around the world.

The four main curriculum areas
Practical Life

The link between the child’s home environment and the classroom. Precise movements build concentration, fine motor skills and confidence through a complete cycle of purposeful work — care of self, care of environment, and grace and courtesy.

Sensorial

Materials that isolate fundamental qualities perceived through the senses — colour, form, dimension, texture, temperature, pitch and weight — building perception and the foundation for abstract thought.

Language

Reading, writing, spelling and language are developed as one integrated process — from oral language and songs through sandpaper letters, the movable alphabet, and ultimately independent reading and storytelling.

Mathematics

Abstract ideas are reached through concrete materials. The golden bead material reveals numerical, geometrical and dimensional relationships within the decimal system — connecting geometry, algebra and arithmetic as they are in life.

Also includes Creative Arts, Music, Science, Geography and Cultural Studies. Offered in Montessori Early Learning Centres as part of a long day care format.


🔭
6 to 12 Years · Second Plane of Development

Primary School

Research-style learning that sparks the imagination and connects children to the universe and their place within it.

The primary years incorporate either separate classrooms for Stage 2 (6–9) and Stage 3 (9–12), or a combined 6–12 classroom. Children work in small groups on projects that spark the imagination and engage the intellect — directed by trained Montessori teachers toward reasoning and the arts of life.

Lower Elementary — Stage 2 (6–9 Years)

Children are driven to understand the universe and their place in it. Studies span geography, biology, history, language, mathematics, science, music and art — all woven together through Montessori’s Great Lessons to foster connectedness to all humanity.

Upper Elementary — Stage 3 (9–12 Years)

Exploration deepens through trips to community resources — libraries, planetariums, botanical gardens, science centres and more. Children’s natural desire to contribute to the world is actively encouraged and celebrated.


🌍
12 to 18 Years · Third Plane of Development

Secondary School

A programme built on the recognition of adolescence as a time of great social development, critical thinking and self-discovery.

The Montessori programme for 12 to 18 year olds is grounded in an understanding of adolescence as a period of critical thinking, re-evaluation and self-concern — a transition from childhood to adulthood with corresponding physical, mental and social maturation. Adolescence is like an odyssey: an arduous yet exciting adventure where the young person finds their place in the world.

Early Adolescence (12–15 Years)

A transition period where hands-on, experiential and community-based work anchors the adolescent as structured academic learning evolves. Real-world projects and contribution to society take centre stage.

Later Adolescence (15–18 Years)

The adolescent has a humanistic mind — eager to understand humanity and the contribution they can make to society. The programme supports this through academic rigour, creative thinking and self-directed study.

Cosmic Education

How does one satisfy but not diminish the child’s mind?
How does one bring order to vast knowledge?
How does one capitalise on the child’s imaginative tendencies?
How does one facilitate moral enquiry?

To meet these fundamental needs of the primary child Maria Montessori developed the concept of “Cosmic Education”.

“Since it has been … necessary to give so much to the child, let us give him a vision of the whole universe. The universe is an imposing reality, and an answer to all questions…. All things are part of the universe, and are connected with each other to form one whole unity. The idea helps the mind of the child to become focused, to stop wandering in an aimless quest for knowledge. He is satisfied having found the universal centre of himself with all things.”
(Maria Montessori, To Educate the Human Potential).

Cosmic education presents the universe as operating to a predetermined design in which all life, including humanity, has a part to play. Cosmic education allows children to develop a sense of awe and gratitude for the universe, their role in humanity and the work of people who came before them. Cosmic education begins with the story of the universe, through which the child sees the inter-relationship of all things. When the child is presented with the story of the universe, an overview, a set of first principles is established. This provides a context for the study of details. Studies are integrated and related to the whole. Different subjects are considered as interconnected, and are presented as such. For instance the history of Egypt is tied to the Nile, to geography, to art, to writing, to geometry – as in the 3-4-5 triangle used to survey following the floods – to flora and fauna and to papyrus, the writing paper used to record the history which was the point where we entered the chain.

Cosmic education provides a framework for all studies – subjects covered include mathematics, geometry, language, history, geography, biology, botany and science. Art, craft and music are also included in the program, and the child uses computers for research and presentation. Excursions which take the child out of his or her familiar environment into a variety of settings in the surrounding community are an essential means of learning for the child and are therefore an integral element in the program at this stage of development.

The Primary years are a great period of expansion, consolidation and intellectual growth. Having acquired a sound grasp of the basics in preschool, children are now ready and willing to acquire culture and to discover the world and their place in it. Their thirst for knowledge is such that by age 12 they will have been introduced to many of the areas of study usually reserved for the secondary years.

How it is Unique

Differences between Montessori and Traditional Education

Montessori EducationTraditional Education
Based on helping the natural development of the human beingBased on the transfer of a national curriculum
Children learn at their own pace and follow their own individual interestChildren learn from a set curriculum according to a time frame that is the same for everyone
Children teach themselves using materials specially prepared for the purposeChildren are taught by the teacher
Child is an active participant in learningChild is a passive participant in learning
Understanding comes through the child’s own experiences via the materials and the promotion of children’s ability to find things out for themselvesLearning is based on subjects and is limited to what is given
Learning is based on the fact that physical exploration and cognition are linkedChildren sit at desks and learn from a whiteboard and worksheets
Child can work where he/she is comfortable, move around and talk at will while not disturbing othersChild is usually assigned own chair and encouraged to sit still and listen during group sessions
The teacher works in collaboration with the childrenThe class is teacher led
The child’s individual development brings its own reward and therefore motivationMotivation is achieved by a system of reward and punishment
Environment and method encourage internal self-disciplineTeacher acts as primary enforcer of external discipline
Child works as long as he/she wishes on chosen projectChild generally given specific time limit for work
Uninterrupted work cyclesBlock time, period lessons
Mixed age groupsSame age groups
Working and learning matched to the social development of the childWorking and learning without emphasis on the social development of the child
Shared emphasis on intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual developmentMain emphasis on intellectual development
Shared focus on the acquisition of academic, social, practical and life skillsMain focus on academics

Glossary

Any science has it own vocabulary and terminology and the Montessori Method is no exception. Montessorians share a very specific set of references, references which of themselves are brief and succinct yet each one evokes the world of the child as described by Maria Montessori. 

Absorbent Mind

A mind able to absorb knowledge quickly and effortlessly. Montessori said the child from birth to six years has an absorbent mind.

Adaptation

Related to the idea of an absorbent mind (Haines, 1993) is a special power of the young child that can be called the power of adaptation. This power is a process whereby the young child uses the environment to develop and, in so doing, becomes a part of that environment. The young child absorbs the culture of her time and place, taking in all the spirit, the customs, the ambitions/aspirations and attitudes of a society simply by living in that society.

Analysis of Movement

A technique used by Montessori teachers. The adult, when showing a complex action to a child, breaks it down into its parts and shows one step at a time, executing each movement slowly and exactly. The action thus becomes a sequence of simple movements and the child has a greater chance of success when ‘given the liberty to make use of them.’ (Montessori, 1966, p. 108)

Children’s House

The English name for Montessori’s Casa dei Bambini (Italian). A place for children from 3-6 years to live and grow. Everything necessary for optimal human development is included in a safe and secure environment.

Classification

Sorting. Allocating or distributing according to common characteristics. The young child engages in classification activities because the process is essential for the construction of the intellect. The Montessori classroom offers many opportunities for classification.

Concentration

Recognising that ‘the longer one does attend to a topic the more mastery of it one has,’ the great American psychologist William James remarked, ‘An education which should improve this faculty would be the education par excellence.’ (1892/1985, p. 95) Montessori, who knew of James, set out to do just that. She believed that if environments could be prepared with ‘objects which correspond to…formative tendencies’ (1949/1967, p. 169) the child’s energy and interest would become focused on that aspect of the environment which corresponded to the developmental need.

Concrete to Abstract

A progression both logical and developmentally appropriate. The child is introduced first to a concrete material that embodies an abstract idea such as size or colour. Given hands-on experience, the child’s mind grasps the idea inherent in the material and forms an abstraction. Only as the child develops, is she gradually able to comprehend the same idea in symbolic form.

Control of Error

A way of providing instant feedback. Every Montessori activity provides the child with some way of assessing his own progress. This puts the control in the hands of the learner and protects the young child’s self-esteem and self-motivation. Control of error is an essential aspect of auto-education.

Coordination of Movement

One of the major accomplishments of early childhood. Through the child’s own effort, she wills herself to refine her muscular coordination and consequently acquires increasingly higher levels of independent functioning. Because of this developmental need, children are drawn to activities that involve movement and especially to those which demand a certain level of exactitude and precision.

Creativity/Imagination

Imagination involves the forming of a mental concept of what is not actually present to the senses. Creativity is a product of the imagination and results from the mental recombining of imagined ideas in new and inventive ways. Both are dependent on mental imagery formed through sensorial experience.

Cycle of Activity

Little children, when engaged in an activity which interests them, will repeat it many times and for no apparent reason, stopping suddenly only when the inner need which compelled the child to activity has been satisfied. To allow for the possibility of long and concentrated work cycles, Montessori advocates a three-hour uninterrupted work period.

Development of the Will

The ability to will, or choose to do something with conscious intent, develops gradually during the first phase of life and is strengthened through practice. The Montessori environment offers many opportunities for the child to choose. Willpower, or self-control, results from the many little choices of daily life in a Montessori school.

Deviations

Behaviour commonly seen in children that is the result of some obstacle to normal development. Such behaviour may be commonly understood as negative (a timid child, a destructive child, etc.) or positive (a passive, quiet child). Both positive and negative deviations disappear once the child begins to concentrate on a piece of work freely chosen.

Discipline from Within

Self-discipline. The discipline in a well-run Montessori classroom is not a result of the teacher’s control or of rewards or punishments. Its source comes from within each individual child, who can control his or her own actions and make positive choices regarding personal behaviour. Self-discipline is directly related to development of the will.

Exercises of Practical Life

One of the four areas of activities of the Montessori prepared environment. The exercises of Practical Life resemble the simple work of life in the home: sweeping, dusting, washing dishes, etc. These purposeful activities help the child adapt to his new community, learn self-control and begin to see himself as a contributing party of the social unit. His intellect grows as he works with his hands; his personality becomes integrated as body and mind function as a unit.

False Fatigue

A phenomenon observed in Children’s Houses around the world-often at approximately 10 a.m. The children seem to lose interest in work, their behaviour becomes disorderly and the noise level rises. It may appear as if the children are tired. However, if the Montessori Educator understands this is simply false fatigue, they will return to work on their own and their work will be at an even higher level than before.

Grace and Courtesy

An aspect of Practical Life. Little lessons which demonstrate positive social behaviour help the young child adapt to life in a group and arm her with knowledge of socially acceptable behaviour: practical information, useful both in and out of school.

Help from Periphery

The periphery is that part of the child that comes into contact with external reality. The child takes in impressions through the senses and through movement. Help from the periphery means presenting objects and activities in such a way so as to evoke purposeful movement on the part of the child. ‘We never give to the eye more than we give to the hand.’ (Standing, 1957, p. 237)

Human Tendencies

A central tenet of Montessori philosophy is that human beings exhibit certain predispositions that are universal, spanning age, cultural and racial barriers; they have existed since the dawn of the species and are probably evolutionary in origin. ‘Montessori stresses the need to serve those special traits that have proved to be tendencies of Man throughout his history.’ (Mario Montessori, 1966, p. 21)

Independence

Not depending on another‚ with various shades of meaning.’ (OED, p. 836) Normal developmental milestones such as weaning, walking, talking, etc. can be seen as a series of events which enable the child to achieve increased individuation, autonomy and self-regulation. Throughout the four planes of development, the child and young adult continuously seek to become more independent. It is as if the child says, Help me to help myself.

Indirect Preparation

The way nature has of preparing the intelligence. In every action, there is a conscious interest. Through this interest, the mind is being prepared for something in the future. For example, a young child will enjoy the putting together of various triangular shapes, totally unaware that because of this work his mind will later be more accepting of geometry. Also called remote preparation. the deeper educational purpose of many Montessori activities is remote in time.

Indirect Presentation

Because of the absorbent nature of the young child’s mind, every action or event can be seen as a lesson. It is understood that children learn by watching other children work or by overseeing a lesson given to another. In the same way, they quickly absorb the behaviour patterns and the language used by the family, the neighborhood children and even TV.

Isolation of a Difficulty

Before giving a presentation, the Montessori teacher analyses the activity she wants to show to the child. Procedures or movements that might prove troublesome are isolated and taught to the child separately. For example, holding and snipping with scissors, a simple movement, is shown before cutting curved or zigzag lines; folding cloths is shown before table washing, an activity requiring folding. A task should neither be so hard that it is overwhelming, nor so easy that it is boring.

Language Appreciation

From the very first days in the Montessori classroom, children are given the opportunity to listen to true stories about known subjects, told with great expression. Songs, poems and rhymes are a part of the daily life of the class. The teacher models the art of conversation and respectfully listens to her young students. Looking at beautiful books with lovely, realistic pictures is also a part of language appreciation.

Learning Explosions

Human development is often not slow and steady; acquisitions seem to arrive suddenly, almost overnight, and with explosive impact. Such learning explosions are the sudden outward manifestation of a long process of internal growth. For example, the explosion of spoken language around two years of age is the result of many months of inner preparation and mental development.

Mathematical Mind

All babies are born with mathematical minds, that is, they have a propensity to learn things which enhance their ability to be exact and orderly, to observe, compare, and classify. Humans naturally tend to calculate, measure, reason, abstract, imagine and create. But this vital part of intelligence must be given help and direction for it to develop and function. If mathematics is not part of the young child’s experience, his subconscious mind will not be accepting of it at a later date.

Maximum Effort

Children seem to enjoy difficult work, work which tests their abilities and provides a sense of their growing power. They exult in giving their maximum effort. For example, a tiny child will struggle to carry a tray with juice glasses or push a heavy wheelbarrow whereas school-age children, if allowed to make up their own problems will prefer to sink their teeth into a challenging equation (I + 2 + 3 + 4… + 10)2 rather than drill on 3 + 5 = … and 6 + 2 = … .

Mixed Ages

One of the hallmarks of the Montessori method is that children of mixed ages work together in the same class. Age groupings are based on developmental planes. Children from 3-6 years of age are together in the Children’s House; 6-9 year olds share the lower elementary and the upper elementary is made up of 9-12 year olds. Because the work is individual, children progress at their own pace; there is cooperation rather than competition between the ages.

Normalisation

If young children are repeatedly able to experience periods of spontaneous concentration on a piece of work freely chosen, they will begin to display the characteristics of normal development: a love of work, an attachment to reality, and a love of silence and working alone. Normalised children are happier children: enthusiastic, generous, and helpful to others. They make constructive work choices and their work reflects their level of development.

Obedience

Obedience is an act of will and develops gradually, showing itself ‘unexpectedly at the end of a long process of maturation.’ (Montessori, 1967, p. 257) While this inner development is going on, little children may obey occasionally, but be completely unable to obey consistently. As their will develops through the exercise of free choice, children begin to have the self-discipline or self-control necessary for obedience.

Points of Interest

Montessori realised that if children spent too long a time on a complex task or failed to master the necessary details, the exercise would cease to interest them. Therefore she suggested that points of interest be interspersed throughout each activity. These points guide the child toward his or her goal and stimulate repetition and interest by offering immediate feedback, or what Montessori called control of error. The child’s performance becomes refined through trial and error, the points of interest acting as signposts along the path to success.

Prepared Environment

The Montessori classroom is an environment prepared by the adult for children. It contains all the essentials for optimal development but nothing superfluous. Attributes of a prepared environment include order and reality, beauty and simplicity. Everything is child-sized to enhance the children’s independent functioning. A trained adult and a large enough group of children of mixed ages make up a vital part of the prepared environment.

Presentation

The adult in a Montessori environment does not teach in the traditional sense. Rather she shows the child how to use the various objects and then leaves her free to explore and experiment. This act of showing is called a presentation. To be effective, it must be done slowly and exactly, step by step, and with a minimum of words.

Psychic Embryo

The first three years of life is a period of mental creation, just as the 9 months in utero is a period of physical creation. The brain awaits experience in the environment to flesh out the genetic blueprint. Since so much mental development occurs after birth, Montessori called the human infant a psychic embryo.

Repetition

The young child’s work is very different from the adult’s. When an adult works, he sets out to accomplish some goal and stops working when the object has been achieved. A child, however, does not work to accomplish an external goal but rather an internal one. Consequently, she will repeat an activity until the inner goal is accomplished. The unconscious urge to repeat helps the child to coordinate a movement or acquire some ability.

Sensitive Periods

Young children experience transient periods of sensibility, and are intrinsically motivated or urged to activity by specific sensitivities. A child in a sensitive period is believed to exhibit spontaneous concentration when engaged in an activity that matches a particular sensitivity. For example, children in a sensitive period for order will be drawn to activities that involve ordering. They will be observed choosing such activities and becoming deeply concentrated, sometimes repeating the activity over and over, without external reward or encouragement. Young children are naturally drawn towards those specific aspects of the environment which meet their developmental needs.

Sensorial Materials

The sensorial materials were created to help young children in the process of creating and organising their intelligence. Each scientifically designed material isolates a quality found in the world such as colour, size, shape, etc. and this isolation focuses the attention on this one aspect. The child, through repeated manipulation of these objects, comes to form clear ideas or abstractions. What could not be explained by words, the child learns by experience working with the sensorial materials.

Simple to Complex

A principle used in the sequence of presentations in a Montessori classroom. Children are first introduced to a concept or idea in its simplest form. As they progress and become capable of making more complex connections, they are eventually able to handle information that is less isolated.

Socialisation

‘The process by which the individual acquires the knowledge and dispositions that enable him to participate as an effective member of a social group and a given social order.’ (Osterkorn, 1980, p. 12) ‘Optimal social learning takes place when the children are at different ages.’ (Hellbr_gge, 1979, p. 14)

Sound Games

Many children know the alphabet but have not analysed the sounds in words nor are they aware that words are made up of separate sounds (phonemic awareness). From the age of two (or as soon as the child is speaking fluently), sound games can make them aware of the sounds in words. In England, they use the nursery game “I Spy.” The sound of the letter and not the letter name is pronounced.

Three-Hour Work Cycle

Through years of observation around the world, Montessori came to understand that children, when left in freedom, displayed a distinct work cycle which was so predictable it could even be graphed. This cycle, with two peaks and one valley, lasted approximately three hours. In Montessori schools children have three hours of open, uninterrupted time to choose independent work, become deeply engaged, and repeat to their own satisfaction.

Vocabulary Enrichment

The young child’s vocabulary increases exponentially in the years from 3-6. To feed this natural hunger for words, vocabulary is given: the names of biology, geometry, geography, and so forth, can be learned as well as the names of qualities found in the Sensorial Material. The child’s absorbent mind takes in all these new words ‘rapidly and brilliantly.’ (Montessori, 1946, p. 10)

Work

From an evolutionary perspective, the long period of childhood exists so children can learn and experiment in a relatively pressure-free environment. Most social scientists refer to this pressure-free experimentation as play (e.g., see Groos, 1901), although Montessori preferred to call this activity the work of childhood. Children certainly are serious when engaged in the kind of play that meets developmental needs and, given freedom and time, will choose purposeful activities over frivolous make-believe ones.

The Glossary of Montessori Terms presented here relates to the theory and practice for the primary (3-6) level. It was prepared by Annette Haines at the request of Molly O’Shaughnessy to accompany her lecture at the Joint Annual Refresher Course, held in Tampa, Florida in February 2001. 

Social Reform

The Montessori Movement

Montessori pedagogical principles are rooted in a social movement that champions the cause of all children, in all strata of society, of all races and ethnic backgrounds, within and beyond educational institutions.

The Montessori movement began on 6 January 1907 when Maria Montessori opened the first Casa dei Bambini in San Lorenzo in Rome.

What followed has been called the “discovery of the child” and the realisation that: “…mankind can hope for a solution to its problems, among which the most urgent are those of peace and unity, only by turning its attention and energies to the discovery of the child and to the development of the great potentialities of the human personality in the course of its formation.”

Montessori is one of the most widely implemented educational approaches in the world with over 22,000 schools in 117 countries. The Montessori movement, however, is far broader and works to assist children and their families in a variety of settings.

Montessorians serve as advocates for all children-championing the rights of the child in society.

How Does Montessori Approach Religion

Throughout the world there are individuals, schools, childcare and aged care centres that apply the Montessori Method. They are located in a wide range of cultural and socio-economic settings. Montessori is fundamentally a method of education and as such can be implemented in a variety of educational settings including public schools, independent schools, religious schools, preschools and long day care centres. In recent years it has been applied as a method for reablement and support of people who are aging or perhaps living with dementia or traumatic brain injury. Both religious and secular care centres use this approach because of its person centredness and recognition of the personhood of every human being.

The Montessori approach to education and care has at its centre love for all people no matter the faith or creed by which one lives. Dr Montessori was born into the Christian (Catholic) tradition and much of her writing assumes the existence of a God with whom all people can connect and experience a personal relationship. As she travelled the globe her spiritual journey took many twists and turns, through humanist beliefs and eastern religion. She returned to her Christian faith after a lifetime of studying the development of the human being.

Montessori applied a scientific method to her study of human development and her discoveries led to a better understanding of the personhood of the child and the importance of supporting the child’s development with respect for their unique characteristics revealed from birth to 24 years of age. Personhood relates to the innate value of a human being. This perspective allows the Montessori approach to be applied throughout life into old age.

The Montessori approach is successfully applied to support a person, birth through adult, to explore and understand their spiritual nature and religious practice within their community. For this reason, it is applied across all continents in a variety of religious contexts. Depicted in the Fundamental Human Needs chart, a resource used extensively by children in Montessori schools, Dr Montessori proposed that fundamental human needs could be categorised as, material (shelter, food, clothing, transportation, defence/safety, communication) and spiritual (love, spirituality/religion, culture including the arts & music, and adornment). Montessori environments designed to aid the life of a person should also be designed to meet these needs.

In secular Montessori schools, religion is looked at from a cultural and sociological point of view. Children are invited to explore the cultures throughout the world and can see that there are many different religions. Many of these schools celebrate holidays, such as Christmas, Hanukah, and Chinese New Year, which are religious in origin, but they are experienced on a cultural level as special days of family feasting, merriment, and wonder.

In religious and faith-based schools the Montessori curriculum is freely extended to help the children understand the basis of the particular religious culture of the school or centre. The aim of the approach is to support the child to discover the spiritual truths for themselves by being guided in a specially prepared environment that provides age-appropriate learning materials that allow practical exploration and stimulation of thought.

Montessori schools may be independently owned/operated, Public/State, or faith based. As such, it is up to the individual school/centre to determine its own policies regarding religious education, spiritual beliefs and holiday practices.

Regardless of religious persuasion (humanist, Christian, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, etc), the Montessori approach encourages and supports the child to journey toward being fully alive and to achieve their potential, spiritual, physical, intellectual, psychological & social. In the words of Maria Montessori “The problem of religious education, the importance of which we do not fully realise, should be solved by positive pedagogy……To deny, a priori, the religious sentiment in man, and to deprive humanity of the education of this sentiment, is to commit a pedagogical error…”(Maria Montessori, The Montessori Method)

Montessori Australia, being an umbrella organisation, supports all educational programs that seek to apply the Montessori method for the furthering of human development by nurturing unconditional love and grace toward all people and promoting peace. Currently organisations available in Australia that support the Montessori approach in religious education include: –
• Godly Play Australia: www.godlyplay.com.au
• The Association of The Catechesis of the Good Shepherd Australia: www.cgsaust.org.au

References:
Montessori M, The Montessori Method, 1964, Schocken Books, New York.
Maria Montessori, Fundamental Needs of Humans Chart

Montessori Children's Foundation (MCF)

The Montessori Children’s Foundation’s goal is to make Montessori programmes available to children in Australia, who, for a multitude of reasons, would not otherwise be able to access them. MCF currently focuses on Indigenous and remote communities where the need for quality education and support is intensified by vast distances from the centres of Australian government decision-making, service-delivery and economic activity, and by histories of invasion, appropriation, and neglect. Despite this, in these communities there is a strong desire for a better future, and a deep awareness that the future lies with its children. MCF’s core area of business is early childhood and this is underpinned by four key principles Partnership, Sustainability, Quality and Flexibility.

Their mission is to enhance the dignity and quality of life for indigenous children by inspiring families to provide an ethical framework and a trusted environment that fosters independence, self-reliance and a love of learning and exploring.

Current projects include fundraising for the following community projects:

  • Training and supporting Indigenous facilitators
  • Community engagement
  • Raising Happy Kids program – Cairns
  • Research

Visit their website for details https://mcf.ngo/

International Outreach

Montessori Australia is proud to be able to support colleagues in the wider international Montessori community. Work is carried out in conjunction with the host country and often involves AMI who lead the way with international outreach to uphold the rights of the child in society and make known the child’s importance for the progress of civilisation. Individuals volunteer their time and experience and are financially supported by the host country or AMI, or are self-funded. Regular close liaison with AMI and attendance by many Australians at the AMI AGM and Open Forum in Amsterdam enables us to continue to meet and collaborate with colleagues from all over the world who have the same commitment to children.  Each year at the AMI AGM we hear of further successful efforts by other countries that are able to build on the work of the Australian National Montessori Curriculum and achieve greater levels of government recognition in their own countries.

Educateurs sans Frontieres

In 1999 the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) established the Educateurs sans Frontières (Educators without Borders) to champion the cause of all children and to revisit Montessori principles and practices from the perspective of society at large.

When using the term Educateurs sans Frontières, we refer to borders which transcend the obvious ones to do with nation states. The truly important ones are the psychological and spiritual frontiers – the ideological, religious, racial, social and economic, cultural and linguistic boundaries which artificially divide a humanity as yet largely unaware of its intrinsic unity and its interconnectedness with the earth that brought it forth.

Dr Montessori’s work can be applied in a wide variety of ways which can benefit the cause of the child beyond the school and the home. Her own term for the pedagogy she created was ‘Education as an Aid to Life’, and education as an aid to life is applicable at any time, in any place, within all social strata, through public or private agencies, in settings rural, urban and remote.

When Montessori principles are applied in the wider context of society, their possibilities are vast and all-encompassing. They can be of incalculable help to parents, social workers, child-care workers, family counsellors, in short, to any person involved with the developing human being; they can be, and have been applied with children undergoing lengthy hospitalisation, maladjusted children, physically impaired children, children victims of violence, children abandoned, children at risk.

For further information visit the EsF website http://montessori-esf.org

The Forgotten Citizen

In I947 Maria Montessori wrote a letter which she sent to all governments. Excerpts from this letter are printed below.

“My life has been spent in the research of truth. Through the study of children I have scrutinised human nature at its origin both in the East and the West and although it is forty years now since I began my work, childhood still seems to me an inexhaustible source of revelations and—let me say—hope.

Childhood has shown me that all humanity is one. All children talk, no matter what their race or their circumstances or their family, more or less at the same age; they walk, change their teeth, etc. at certain fixed periods of their life. In other aspects also, especially in the psychical field, they are just as similar, just as susceptible.

Children are the constructors of men whom they build, taking from the environment language, religion, customs and the peculiarities not only of the race, not only of the nation, but even of a special district in which they develop.

…The child is the forgotten citizen, and yet, if statesmen and educationists once came to realise the terrific force that is in childhood …, I feel they would give it priority above everything else. All problems of humanity depend on man himself; if man is disregarded in his construction, the problems will never be solved.

…Man must be cultivated from the beginning of life when the great powers of nature are at work. It is then that one can hope to plan for a better international understanding.”

Montessori for Ageing & Dementia

Montessori for Dementia, Ageing & Adult Care

Dr Montessori understood the intrinsic value of a person. Her passion to aid life extended beyond the classrooms for children. It has been 150 years since Maria Montessori’s birth, not only is there worldwide acclaim for her work in supporting the development of children, for the formation of a peace filled humanity, but several academic studies confirm, that a Montessori approach is beneficial to adult well-being and a significant aid throughout all of human life. Montessori’s goal was to inspire the spirit of every person, to enable every soul to receive and transmit divine love, so that all of humankind can realise their purpose and potential (Education and Peace). 

Montessori principles and practice support people who are living with compromised cognitive and physical capacities. A Montessori approach focuses upon the abilities of a person in the context of relationship-centred care to promote interdependence, autonomy and engagement in meaningful and purposeful occupations. Through the recognition of the person’s interests, strengths and needs, a skilfully prepared environment can be established. 

“Help me to do it myself” is a popular phrase among Montessori educators around the world. In the adult care setting we may well coin the term “help me to continue to do it myself”. It refers to adapting the environment to help a person remain independent and live interdependently with others, whether that is in a supported independent living environment (SIL), residential care facility (RCF), residential aged care facility (RACF), or their own home and local community. 

Montessori Organisations

Connecting Montessori organisations globally…

Association Montessori Internationale

The Association Montessori Internationale’s (AMI) mission is to support the natural development of the human being from birth to maturity, enabling children to become the transforming elements of society, leading to a harmonious and peaceful world.

AMI is recognised internationally as an authoritative voice regarding the unique nature of childhood, natural human development and the rights of the child.

AMI is identified and sought after nationally and internationally as the custodian and cultivator of Montessori philosophy and pedagogy.

AMI is invited to assist international and national humanitarian and government authorities in addressing social and educational problem situations where positive change can be effected through the education of children.

AMI activities include coordinating a training of trainers programme, guiding approved manufacturers of Montessori Materials, overseeing the publication of Dr Montessori’s books, organising congresses and study conferences, affiliating Montessori Societies and publishing the magazine Communication.

 The Objectives of the Association Montessori Internationale are:

  • To uphold, advance and protect the rights of the child within society. Making it known that the child plays an essential part in the progress of society. Civilisation depends on the development of the child and their natural growth;
  • To communicate and establish awareness and understanding of the natural laws of development. From the development of the child’s mind, to their social skills, physical development and growth into a global citizen;
  • To arouse and invoke the public opinion on the responsibility that adults have towards the advancement of children’s development and their duty to provide a dignified, nurturing environment;
  • To expand and sustain the pedagogical principles researched, developed and applied by Dr Montessori during her lifetime;
  • Providing opportunities for children all over the world to grow, learn and expand their minds naturally. To enter a life of harmony and co-operation with other children and society at large; 
  • To broaden the scope of the social movement driven to provide rights to children throughout the world regardless of their race, religion, ethnicity, political or social background or beliefs.

AMI Membership is open to everyone.  

Visit AMI’s website: www.montessori-ami.org for further details.

Montessori Australia is authorised by AMI to offer AMI Membership with our Individual Subscriptions.  See here for details.

American Montessori Society

The American Montessori Society (AMS) leads, empowers, and serves the global community of Montessori educators as the foremost advocate for research and policy, ongoing teacher education, and standards of accreditation through opportunities for mentored individual growth, collaboration, and member engagement.

What is the American Montessori Society?

As a hub of all things Montessori, AMS strives to anticipate and respond to the needs of our varied constituents. Among our many areas of involvement:

  • Standards for Montessori schools and teacher education programs
  • School accreditation
  • Teacher education and professional development
  • Research
  • Public policy
  • Peace and social justice
  • Education
  • Scholarships, awards, and grants
  • Montessori in the public sector

AMS is proud to be recognized by the United Nations as an associated non-governmental organization, a connection that opens new worlds to Montessori educators and learners and gives voice to Montessori with groups from around the globe.

AMS Membership

AMS offers membership to schools and individuals, and partners directly with teacher education programs domestically and internationally. Member benefits include professional development (with access to AMS Learning, a free on-demand webinar library with over 100 CPD hours available); publications (such as the Montessori Life print magazine 4 times a year and access to the 10 year digital archives); community (through an online networking platform called AMS Connect); discounts (for The Montessori Event and at other trusted AMS partners); and more.

AMS Professional Development

AMS hosts the largest Montessori event in the world each year. The Montessori Event 2022 will take place March 17 – 20, in Nashville, TN. The conference includes renowned keynote speakers, impactful workshop presentations, inspired community networking, a robust exhibit hall, and much more. 

Beyond The Montessori Event, AMS offers online courses like the Anti-bias, Antiracist Certificate Course, Elementary Reading Certificate Program, Your Child’s Montessori Education: Early Childhood, and Teacher Education Instructor Academy. AMS is also proud to offer special programs like the Emerging Leaders Fellowship Program which helps Montessori educators evolve in their leadership skills.

AMS Publications

Montessori Life is the quarterly magazine of the American Montessori Society and it is available in print and digitally. AMS also creates digital publications on monthly and quarterly bases such as the AMS Family Connection, a monthly e-newsletter for families in accredited Montessori schools; Research Digest, a quarterly email for folks interested in the latest Montessori research; and the AMS School Leader, a monthly e-newsletter designed specifically for heads of school and other administrators.

AMS Values

All the work that AMS does is built on organizational values of respect, integrity, diversity, inclusiveness, responsibility, and enthusiasm. AMS’s strategic priorities are inclusion/equity, quality, membership, communication, and institutional advancement. Each of these initiatives moves the organization closer to its vision of Montessori for all, embraced around the globe.

Learn more at the AMS website: amshq.org

Montessori Aotearoa New Zealand

Montessori Aotearoa New Zealand (MANZ) was established in 1987 and is a membership, not-for-profit organisation. MANZ is a collective of schools (early learning services, primary and high schools), organisations and individual members who work together to provide and promote Montessori education in Aotearoa. It is governed by a voluntary Council and managed by a Chief Executive and an Administration Officer, in consultation with members. MANZ mission is to support the community to deliver excellent Montessori programmes that enable the holistic development of all tamariki/rangatira (children/adolescents) (0-18 years). This is done through offering tailoring professional development and learning for all teaching levels and an annual conference. The Chief Executive represents MANZ on many government and advisory groups which enables Montessori to be promoted at many levels.

There are currently nearly 200 Montessori early learning services (ELS), 17 state or state-integrated schools with Montessori primary classes, 4 private Montessori primary schools and 3 Montessori high schools in New Zealand. The numbers are slowly growing. In Aotearoa the impetus to establish a Montessori ELS or school is varied. Many community-based ELS have been started by parent groups and privately owned ELS by teacher-owners or other individuals or businesses. Generally the commencement of a primary school or class is driven by passionate parents wanting their child to continue their Montessori learning journey after early learning. 

http://www.montessori.org.nz/

Montessori Institute

As the largest Montessori training organisation in Australia, the Montessori Institute offers flexible, nationally recognised, Early Childhood and Primary teacher registration qualifications, alongside Diploma and Certificate level qualifications. They also provide professional development and education for schools, childcare centres and the wider community, with which they we have built strong relationships over forty years. Their ACECQA (early childhood regulator) and AITSL (teacher registration regulator) accredited courses are delivered via a blend of external, online study and intensive face to face workshops, Australia wide.

Incorporated in 1983, the Montessori Institute is a not-for-profit organisation and an accredited Higher Education Provider with the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Authority (TEQSA). They have dedicated their work to develop and present world class Montessori courses and workshops, to both students and non-students.

Graduate Diploma of Education (Montessori) 3-6 years or 6-12 years focus. Recognised nationally as a teaching qualification, this course enables students to become registered teachers in their State. It is AITSL and ACECQA listed.

Diploma of Early Childhood and Primary Education (Montessori) 0-3, 3-6 or 6-12 years focus. This course enables registered teachers to gain Montessori curriculum knowledge for their classroom. It is ACECQA listed as an Early Childhood qualification (0-3 and 3-6 focus). The Diploma also qualifies non registered teachers to work as education assistants in schools or as room leaders/supervisors in a child care centre.

Certificate in Montessori Studies 0-5 or 3-6. Ideal for students who already hold a Certificate III or Diploma level qualification, but want to obtain Montessori curriculum knowledge for use in child care centres.

Diploma of Montessori Leadership and Practice. Ideal for principals or Montessori centre managers who wish to gain an understanding of Montessori theory, philosophy and curriculum.

Visit their website www.mwei.edu.au for further details.

Resources

PDF icon Graduate Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Certificate Brochure

PDF icon Leadership Brochure

Blog

Articles tagged with Parenting

Child and parent food preparation

What is the best age to start Montessori at home?

11 April 2023 – 8:50am

It’s never too early – nor too late, for that matter – to start Montessori at home and witness the profound benefits of this time-tested and transformational approach to raising confident, joyful, independent young people.

When they think of Montessori, most people picture child-sized furniture that first appeared in Montessori schools over a century ago and those gorgeous hands-on manipulatives that make learning concrete and active in Montessori classrooms worldwide.

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Elderly man teaching young child chess

Learning at Home

1 September 2021 – 12:00am

“Following the Child” at Home.

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Two children cooking. Photo Annie Spratt, Unsplash

Fostering Independence at Home (for the 6-9 year old child)

1 June 2021 – 12:00am

Children are capable of more self reliance than their parents sometimes think. With the right support your child can learn to meet many of their own needs, and will often joyfully rise to an opportunity convincingly put.

Self-care, care of others, community care

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Preparing the Home Environment for the 0-3 Year Old Child

1 March 2021 – 12:00am

Consistency

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Child walking on a line

Walking on the Line

1 January 2021 – 1:00am

Practical Life activities in a Montessori classroom assist the child to control and coordinate their moments, and one of the earliest activities introduced in a 3-6 classroom is called “Walking on the Line”.  Montessori saw this as a natural extension of something children liked to do (walking on curbs or tracks) and developed the activity not only to help them control their body, develop balance and perfect equilibrium, but to strengthen the mind’s control of its body’s movements.

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Montessori Adolescent Programs – Developing Identity

3 December 2020 – 9:50am

Alumnus Madeline Cross-Parkin has braved mental health challenges on her journey to becoming a passionate classical pianist, Instagram sensation and physics undergraduate student.  

Always top of her class in academics and piano, she reflects fondly on her time at Brisbane Montessori School, from the time she was eight months old to 12 years, and again from 15 to 16 years of age. 

“Primary School was pretty good for me. I started learning piano at Brisbane Montessori School and had lovely teachers who started me off on a path of determination,” Maddy said. 

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Offering Encouragement not Empty Praise

1 December 2020 – 9:00am

Practical suggestions for offering encouragement, not empty praise.

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Montessori Parent and Toddler Program

1 November 2020 – 9:00am

In Montessori Education, the specially designed place that children come to work in is called a ‘prepared learning environment’. The first ‘work’ your child will do in the program is to orientate themselves to the new space in which they find themselves, which may take a couple of sessions. 

The space will be arranged in exactly the same way each week in order to assist this orientation process. Each area in the ‘environment’ has a specific order and contains activities or ‘materials’ which serve different purposes for your child’s development.

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Montessori Materials

1 October 2020 – 8:00am

The preparation of each Montessori environment includes the careful preparation of the Montessori developmental materials appropriate to that environment. The Montessori materials are sets of objects, each set designed to exacting specifications. In general the materials are designed to:

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Digital Technologies for the 3-6 Year Old Child

1 September 2020 – 8:00am

In recent years there has been much debate about the integration of digital technologies, specifically the use of computers, in early childhood settings. In the view of Montessori educators the disadvantages of computer use in early childhood settings outweigh the advantages. For this reason, computers are generally not found in Montessori early childhood settings for children under six years of age.

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Maria Montessori – The Pioneer

31 August 2020 – 8:00am

Maria Montessori was born on the 31st August 1870, in Chiaravalle, Italy. From an early age she broke through the traditional barriers for women, attending a technical school with initial ambitions to be an engineer, to go on to choose a career in medicine. In 1896 Montessori became one of the first Italian women ever to obtain a medical degree. In her early career as a doctor, she was asked to represent Italy at the International Congress for women’s rights in Berlin, where she called for equal pay for women.

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Assessment and Evaluation

1 August 2020 – 8:00am

The Montessori curriculum is organised in a developmental sequence from one phase of learning to the next. Individual students, however, are able to work successfully through elements of the curriculum in a sequence unique to themselves. For this reason, comparisons between students may not be meaningful. The validity of norm-referenced assessment and the ranking of students are further reduced in the Montessori context because, in a multi-age classroom, there are comparatively small numbers of children at the same age and stage.

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Beauty and Order

1 July 2020 – 8:00am

Montessori environments are prepared to be both beautiful and ordered.

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Freedom

1 June 2020 – 8:00am

From birth children are deeply interested in everything around them. They are driven to explore their world in the service of their own development. If they are to respond to this drive, children need the freedom to explore and discover their environment independently, and to engage their full attention on what interests them with a minimum of interference and interruption.

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Lessons of Grace and Courtesy (Personal Development)

1 May 2020 – 12:00am

Personal development in Montessori early childhood settings revolves around the lessons of grace and courtesy, the Montessori lessons designed to ensure the needs of everyone in the setting are respected and to promote social harmony. These lessons are given to individual children, small groups or to the whole group. The lessons can be given:

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Montessori Materials

“Nothing goes into the mind that does not first go through the hands.”
Dr. Maria Montessori

The Montessori materials, embody the learning curriculum and are designed to stimulate the child into logical thought and independent discovery. The Montessori teacher shows the child how to use the materials independently and the child engages with them, at their own pace and in accordance with their own needs and interests. In this way, the child experiences the learning curriculum in a highly personnalised format.

The Montessori materials are provocative, enticing and simple to use. However, beneath the beauty and simplicity, lies a deep intentionality. The Montessori materials in any given classroom, provide for sufficient independent learning and discovery to span three years of any individual child’s development.

The materials are each designed to meet one or more specific needs in the child, and every piece of material has been developed in the context of all the other materials. They are offered to the child in a sequence which promotes the gradual layering of learning and understanding. In addition, not only do the materials relate to all others in the classroom, but they also refer to the materials which the child has worked with an earlier classroom, and as well as referring to the materials they will see in the next Montessori classroom, when they are older.

Each piece of material has what is known as a “control of error”. If the child has done something incorrectly it will be self-evident. The geometric shape, for example, won’t fit the hole; the water will spill on the table or the last label will not match the last picture. Being able to see his or her own mistake allows the child to work independently.

You can explore our full range of Montessori materials in our online shop.

A2Z Montessori Australia

Montessori Materials & Educational Toys

A2Z Montessori & Educational Toys online store is an educational supplier specialising in progressive education such as Maria Montessori, Rudolf Steiner, Reggio Emilia and Frederic Froebel. They predominantly supply schools, preschools, childcare centres, long day care centres, home day care, home schools, and also parents and families with young children.

They offer an extensive range of Montessori toys, material, resources and equipment to cover the whole off the Montessori Curriculum, includeing Language, Mathematics, Biology, Geography, Music, Art, Sensory and Infant & Toddler Practical Life activities. They are unique to A2Z and are manufactured to a high standard using the very best quality materials. They also hand pick the best quality wooden toys from Australia and around the world of well known and famous brands.

At A2Z Montessori & Educational Toys, they aim to deliver more than just toys. Whether intended for solo or group, play or learning, our educational toys encourage imagination, communication and a love of learning to “help me to do it myself”. The product range is about creating special memories for you and your child. Memories are priceless moments that you will cherish forever, like your child’s infectious giggles when they are playing a game that fascinates their imagination, the comfort on their face when they cuddle their favourite toy and the pride they take in showing you their creations.

Click on a2zmontessori.com.au to visit the A2Z Montessori website.

Think Education Supplies - Gonzagarrdi and Nienhuis

Think Education Supplies

Think Education Supplies (TES) was formed in 2003 initially to market in Australia and New Zealand the high quality of the Gonzagarrdi range of Montessori materials 0-12 years and wooden furniture 0-12 years and in 2015 the Nienhuis Montessori range was added.

The  range at TES has been expanded to include the full range of constantly updated printed card materials from ETC covering from 0-15 years in subjects such as English, Mathematics, Science, Geography and Timelines plus a full range of general materials focusing on stimulating thinking and processing skills across the 0-15 educational curriculum.

The warehouse in Brisbane carries a substantial amount of stock to fill orders as soon as possible.

The founder of Think Education Supplies, David Knibbe, has over 40 years experience in marketing educational materials from 0-15 year old students including setup of schools and childcare centres.

Think Education Supplies is Montessori Australia’s primary partner supplier of Nienhuis and Gonzagarrdi products that can be purchsed online by clicking here to visit the TES website.

Join Us

Welcome to Montessori Australia

Empowering Montessori Education Across the Nation

Join the National Peak Body for Montessori and unlock a world of possibilities for your school, center, or organisation. At Montessori Australia, we are dedicated to advancing the Montessori approach and supporting its practitioners. Here’s how we can supercharge your Montessori journey:

Inspiring Advocacy and Leadership

As the voice of Montessori in Australia, we passionately advocate for the Montessori method as an evidence-based educational approach. We champion your cause, engaging with government and education authorities to ensure Montessori receives the recognition it deserves.

Quality Assurance and Accreditation

Our commitment to excellence drives us to promote authentic, high-quality Montessori education. Our Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) Program and the prestigious Montessori Registered™ symbol identify programs that adhere to a national set of Montessori standards. With us, you can proudly showcase your commitment to delivering the best Montessori education.

Unlock the Montessori National Curriculum

Gain exclusive access to the Montessori National Curriculum, the only published Montessori curriculum in the world. Developed by experts in the field and approved by ACARA, this comprehensive resource empowers educators with a roadmap to guide Montessori learning experiences.

Thriving Community and Collaboration

Join a vibrant network of Montessori schools and centers across the country. Our platform fosters collaboration, enabling you to connect with like-minded professionals, exchange ideas, and share best practices. Together, we cultivate a thriving Montessori community.

Professional Development and Engaging Events

Expand your knowledge and skills through specialised Montessori events, workshops, forums, and conferences. We curate immersive learning experiences, designed to nurture growth, spark innovation, and build powerful connections within the Montessori community.

Expert Resources and Personalised Support

Access a wealth of expert resources, including articles, bulletins, magazines, and our comprehensive Montessori Australia website. Count on us for exceptional customer service, providing timely and personalised information to support your Montessori endeavors.

Unleash Your Potential with Montessori Australia

Discover a world of possibilities for your Montessori school, center, or organisation. Join Montessori Australia today and tap into our collective knowledge, experience, and passion for Montessori education. Together, we can shape the future of education and empower generations to come.

Membership (Provider)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: PROVIDER MEMBERSHIP

Montessori Schools, Centres and Programmes member benefits include: 

PROFILE

  • A promoted profile on the number one Montessori website in the country. Members are highlighted in the Directory of schools and centres, with a dedicated website page for higher-profile marketing opportunities – our site is No.1 on Google when searching for Montessori.

PROMOTIONS

  • Free Job advertisement listings on our website and Facebook page – our site is No.1 on Google for Montessori jobs!
  • Free Open Day listings on our website
  • Member logo to add to your website and marketing material
  • Member poster to display

PUBLICATIONS 

DISCOUNTS 

CURRICULUM SUPPORT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES

Memberships are for a 12 month period

MEMBERSHIP FEES

Montessori Schools $700 

Montessori Centres $700 

Additional Centres (owned by the same provider) $100

Montessori in Public Schools $700

Montessori Start-ups $500 (discount for those starting a new school/centre or converting a school/centre) – please email us via info@montessori.org.au for an invoice

Home-based care and schooling (10 children or less) $100 – please email us via info@montessori.org.au for an invoice

Pricing excluding GST.

Use the Add to Cart buttons to join now and pay online

Invoice requests to info@montessori.org.au

Membership (International)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: INTERNATIONAL PROVIDER MEMBERSHIP

Montessori International Schools and Centres member benefits: 

PROMOTIONS

PUBLICATIONS 

  • A subscription to our annual Montessori Insights eMagazine
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eArticle
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eBulletin
  • Member-only access to the back library of all publications
  • All publications may be shared to your staff and parents

DISCOUNTS 

CURRICULUM SUPPORT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES

  • License for the Montessori National Curriculum*
  • Montessori Early Years Learning Programme e-poster
  • Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook
  • Montessori Australia membership e-poster and logo

* Continued membership required for continued use

JOIN ONLINE AND PAY BY CREDIT CARD USING THE ADD TO CART BUTTON

(Note: if there are any issues with the online payment, please select Australia as your country).

Membership (Individual)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIP

Montessori Educators, Parents and Friends member benefits:

PUBLICATIONS 

  • A subscription to our annual Montessori Insights eMagazine
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eArticle
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eBulletin
  • Member-only access to the back library of all publications

DISCOUNTS

To join, click on the Add to cart button on the right and pay online.

Membership (Associate Organization)

We invite organisations to join us with Associate Organisation membership.

Associate Organisation membership is available to an organisation that:

  • Fundamentally agrees with the Montessori approach to education and care in a variety of contexts within the general community.
  • Is prepared to agree to an equitable exchange of services with Montessori Australia. 

We provide businesses with a range of bespoke partnership opportunites to suit the individual needs and goals of your organisation.

Benefits include:

  • public acknowledgement and edification of the associate organisation member
  • marketing, services and event sponsorship opportunities
  • share a link to the associate member’s website on the Montessori Australia website

Contact admin@montessori.org.au to arrange a discussion.

Montessori Training Australia

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Montessori Training Australia
AMTI DEVELOPED MA ENDORSED

Montessori Training. Online.

Every course comes with a Montessori Australia endorsed certificate upon completion. Developed by AMTI, delivered 100% online and self-paced — for educators, assistants and families across Australia.

25+
Online Courses
100%
Self-Paced
20%
MA Member Saving
ABOUT MTA

Australia’s Leading Online Montessori Training Platform

Montessori Training Australia (MTA) is an online training platform developed by the Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) and fully endorsed by Montessori Australia. With more than 25 structured courses, MTA provides a clear pathway from foundational introduction through to nationally recognised Diploma training — delivered through video, interactive modules, and guided study.

Every completed course comes with a Montessori Australia endorsed certificate. Courses are 100% online and self-paced, designed for busy educators, classroom assistants and families across Australia and beyond.

FIND YOUR COURSE

There’s a course designed for you

Whether you’re new to Montessori or deepening years of practice, every course is built around where you are right now.

For Families
FAMILIES

For Families

Understand your child’s Montessori environment or bring the approach home with accessible introduction and home school resources.

Start with MTA011 →
For Assistants
CLASSROOM ASSISTANTS

For Assistants

Working or volunteering in a Montessori setting? Quickly understand the philosophy, environment, and your role in practice.

Start with MTA0225 →
For Educators
EDUCATORS & DIRECTORS

For Educators

Endorsed professional development, certification, and a clear pathway toward nationally recognised Montessori Diploma training.

Start with MTA055 →
PROFESSIONAL LEARNING PATHWAY

Montessori Professional Learning Packages

Flagship endorsed courses for educators entering or growing within Montessori early childhood environments across Australia.

Introduction to Montessori Education
MTA011 · 4 Modules $220

Introduction to Montessori Education

Introduces the history of Montessori education and key foundational theories and practices. Perfect for families and anyone beginning their Montessori journey.

Enrol Now →
Montessori Professional Learning Package
MTA033 · 6 Modules $410

Montessori Professional Learning Package

A complete introduction to Montessori history, theories, practices, and pedagogy. Ideal for educators already in a Montessori environment.

Enrol Now →
Endorsed MPLP With Certification
MTA055 · 6 Modules WITH CERTIFICATION
$660

Endorsed MPLP — With Certification

Comprehensive Montessori history, theories, and pedagogy. Includes a Montessori Australia endorsed Certificate of Completion on assessment.

Enrol Now →
Endorsed MPLP With Certification and Consultation
MTA077 · 6 Modules + 2HR CONSULTATION
$790

Endorsed MPLP — With Certification & Consultation

All the depth of MTA055, plus two hours of personal consultation with a Montessori trainer for guided, individualised support.

Enrol Now →

Also available: MTA038 Elementary & Adolescent Focus ($380)  ·  MTA0900 A2Z Home School Set ($125)

View All Courses →
SPECIALIST TRAINING

Specialist Courses

Targeted, self-paced modules covering key aspects of Montessori practice — including compulsory AMTI Diploma pathway modules.

The Role of the Assistant
MTA0225 · 8 Hrs $189

The Role of the Assistant

For adults with no prior Montessori knowledge working or volunteering in a Montessori classroom for any age group.

Enrol Now →
The Baby and the Butterfly
MTA0335 AMTI DIPLOMA MODULE
$189

The Baby and the Butterfly

An overview of human development from birth to adulthood. Compulsory across all AMTI Diploma training levels.

Enrol Now →
Superpowers of Young Children
MTA0445 AMTI DIPLOMA MODULE
$189

Superpowers of Young Children

Montessori’s theory of mind — the Absorbent Mind in the First Plane versus the Reasoning Mind of older children.

Enrol Now →
MA MEMBER BENEFIT

Montessori Australia Members Save 20%

Your MA membership includes a 20% discount on every MTA course. Apply at checkout to access endorsed Montessori training at reduced cost.

Notice Board

Montessori Australia Foundation provides a Notice Board as a service to subscribing schools and centres, and individuals. If you wish to post a notice about an upcoming event, item of interest, or community announcement, please email info@montessori.org.au.

Responsibility for the contents of a notice is borne solely by the person or organisation posting the notice.

This service is provided free to subscribers.
Non-subscribers can post a notice for a fee.

Australia

Long Day Care Centre “Coming Soon”

Purpose built boutique centre located in the centre of the Gold Coast. Read More
Listed 3 November 2022

Buying / Selling a Childcare Business?


Listed 18 July 2022

Montessori for Ageing & Dementia

Montessori for Dementia, Ageing & Adult Care

Dr Montessori understood the intrinsic value of a person. Her passion to aid life extended beyond the classrooms for children. It has been 150 years since Maria Montessori’s birth, not only is there worldwide acclaim for her work in supporting the development of children, for the formation of a peace filled humanity, but several academic studies confirm, that a Montessori approach is beneficial to adult well-being and a significant aid throughout all of human life. Montessori’s goal was to inspire the spirit of every person, to enable every soul to receive and transmit divine love, so that all of humankind can realise their purpose and potential (Education and Peace). 

Montessori principles and practice support people who are living with compromised cognitive and physical capacities. A Montessori approach focuses upon the abilities of a person in the context of relationship-centred care to promote interdependence, autonomy and engagement in meaningful and purposeful occupations. Through the recognition of the person’s interests, strengths and needs, a skilfully prepared environment can be established. 

“Help me to do it myself” is a popular phrase among Montessori educators around the world. In the adult care setting we may well coin the term “help me to continue to do it myself”. It refers to adapting the environment to help a person remain independent and live interdependently with others, whether that is in a supported independent living environment (SIL), residential care facility (RCF), residential aged care facility (RACF), or their own home and local community. 

Membership (Associate Organization)

We invite organisations to join us with Associate Organisation membership.

Associate Organisation membership is available to an organisation that:

  • Fundamentally agrees with the Montessori approach to education and care in a variety of contexts within the general community.
  • Is prepared to agree to an equitable exchange of services with Montessori Australia. 

We provide businesses with a range of bespoke partnership opportunites to suit the individual needs and goals of your organisation.

Benefits include:

  • public acknowledgement and edification of the associate organisation member
  • marketing, services and event sponsorship opportunities
  • share a link to the associate member’s website on the Montessori Australia website

Contact admin@montessori.org.au to arrange a discussion.

Strategic Plan

Montessori Australia is proud of the progress that the organisation has made since 2019 to build on the previous work of the Montessori Australia Foundation and improve the structure and inclusivity of the organisation going forward.

Montessori Australia works with compelling intent to advance Montessori education in Australia. Montessori Australia acknowledges previous incredible achievements and acts as custodians of the intellectual property on behalf of the Montessori community.

Our aim is to add value to a broad spectrum of services in the community (early childhood, long day care services, schools and aged care) and to place the organisation under a strong and collaborative leadership team with aspirations to drive the organisation towards an exciting future so that we can be proud of our global position as an impressive national representative body.

To this end, Montessori Australia has developed a triune structure which includes an administrative arm known as the Montessori Australia Group (MAG), a not-for-profit services arm known as Montessori Australia Organisation (MAO), and an entity to safeguard IP, the Montessori Australia Assets Trust (MAAT). Developments also include the offering of several types of membership that enables everyone to participate in the organisation including Directors, individual Montessori practitioners, Montessori service providers (early childhood centres, schools, aged care centres, etc), associates such as ancillary service providers, as well as parents and caregivers.

We invite you to download our Strategic Plan.

My Newborn

A special environment is required for a new baby. An environment which reflects the place they have come from and is a half-way house into the world. Newborns need to be in a warm, peaceful environment, which is consistent in its rhythms and routines.

Your new baby may surprise you with their strong urge to communicate. Even very young babies are able to reach their fingers out towards you. They will focus intently on your face and try to copy your mouth movements as you speak.

Their nervous system is still immature and so they will pass through very obvious behavioural states. Newborn babies sleep a lot and can become tired very easily, being barely able to stay away long enough to feed. They indicate their tiredness through jerky body movements or tensed muscles; increasingly loud vocalization and a change in interest in making eye contact. They will quickly move from quiet alertness into this more restless state which heralds their need to sleep. You can respond by providing loose wrapping and skin to skin contact.

During period of alertness your newborn will begin to take in their first impressions of the world and their senses. Newborn babies see in black and white only and enjoy looking at contrasting colours. They actually have a preference for circles. This helps them to find the nipple when its time to feed.
You might consider offering a black and white mobile for them to look at whilst they are on a movement mat on the floor.

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

Sydney Montessori Training Centre (SMTC) is a national organisation committed to providing quality training to the Montessori community and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori method. 

SMTC is authorised to deliver Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori courses. AMI was established by Maria Montessori and affiliates training centres around the world. AMI courses are recognised internationally for their authenticity and quality.

SMTC offer AMI training courses in the following:

  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 0-3 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori Foundation Course
  • AMI Montessori Adolescent Training

Click here to visit their website for further details.

Montessori National Curriculum

In 2011, Montessori Australia received official notification from the Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) that the Montessori National Curriculum (MNC) has been recognised as an alternative national curriculum framework to be included on ACARA’s Recognition Register. This is a fantastic achievement and has positive implications for everyone working in Montessori classrooms, not only in Australia but also worldwide. ACARA established a very rigorous recognition process to determine the extent to which a well-established alternative national curriculum can deliver comparable educational outcomes for students to those based on the Australian National Curriculum. ACARA have advised that our curriculum aligns with the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, meets the particular principles and guidelines in relation to the Shape of the Australian Curriculum V3 Dec 2010, and allows for broadly comparable educational outcomes in English, mathematics, science and history by the end of Year 10. The recognition is almost completely unqualified and further acknowledges our different approach to learning, the different approach to ICT in the early years, that our history programme begins with the universe following through human civilisations to the local level, and notes the role of Montessori materials and activities in delivering the curriculum.

The 2011 version of the Montessori National Curriculum is available to Australian Montessori schools and centres.

We are currently working on recognition for the additional subjects and an online portal.

International schools requiring accreditation in their country may join as an international member to access the Montessori National Curriculum.  Contact info@montessori.org.au for details.

Parents – please note that the Montessori National Curriculum document is not a parent document.  Is has been designed for a Montessori classroom environment, with a full complement of Montessori materials, multi-aged classroom of children, and trained Montessori educators. Parents who are wanting to create a Montessori home-school environment are encouraged to attend workshops and training courses.

Resources

PDF icon Update February 2020

PDF icon Update November 2020

PDF icon Update March 2021

Montessori Early Years Programme

Under the National Law and Regulations, early childhood education and care services are required to base their educational program on an approved learning framework. This should focus on addressing the developmental needs, interests and experiences of each child, while taking into account individual differences.

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF) is the approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework for young children from birth to five years of age.

Montessori Australia has developed a poster that visually articulates the mapping of the Montessori curriculum against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

Click here to purchase the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP) poster from our online shop.

Please note: The MEYLP poster is subject to copyright and can not be reproduced without the prior consent of Montessori Australia.

Montessori Australia members are provided a PDF copy of the MEYLP poster.

Montessori and the National Quality Agenda

The governments National Quality Agenda is an important set of reforms for the Early Childhood Education and Care sector. Changes include the National Quality Standards, the Early Years Learning Framework and other regulations for service provision.

Montessori Australia recommends a number of commercially available professional resources, including:

Montessori and the National Quality Standards

This document looks at each individual standard and element of the 7 quality areas in relation to a Montessori environment and in context of what the Authorised Officer may observe, discuss and sight during an Assessment visit.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-nqs

Montessori National Curriculum and the EYLF

A high-gloss poster that visually maps the Montessori National Curriculum for children under 6 years of age against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

The poster is available in A4 and A3 through Montessori Australia’s online store.

Montessori and the EYLF

This document articulates how Montessori practice fits the principles, practice and outcomes of the EYLF.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-eylf

Bridging the Gap

This document gives an analysis of the most likely areas where an Authorised Officer may find Montessori Practice and other settings diverge. It provides strategies on how to “bridge the gap” of understanding.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/bridging-the-gap-between-mont…

Montessori Startups

Montessori Startups

If you are considering starting a new Montessori early learning centre or converting an existing centre to a Montessori environment, we have resources to assist.

Option 1: Join Montessori Australia as a Montessori Provider member

When you join as a Montessori Provider member, you’ll have access to a wide range of services, support and discounts.  You can read all about this here.

New members not only get the Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook (see below) for free, but also a range of services that will help you get started, such as free job advertising to source Montessori staff, license to use the Montessori National Curriculum, discounts to purchase Montessori materials to setup your Montessori environment, and many other benefits.  Members can also access our Montessori consultancy services.

The 12mth membership rate is normally $700 (ex GST), but for startups we offer a discounted rate of $500 (ex GST) for Montessori startups.  Email info@montessori.org.au for further details.

Option 2: Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook 

Our Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook is a series of booklets providing a wealth of information to get you started.

Harnessing the experience of the Montessori Australia, it provides a summary of the essential information that operators require when planning for, operating, and eventually expanding, a high-quality Montessori early education and care program.

The Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook is divided into seven booklets. Each booklet includes practical advice, sample documentation and links to external information sources.

The booklets titles include:

1. Getting Started

2. National Quality Framework (NQF)

3. Educational Programming

4. The Prepared Environment

5. Human Resources

6. Program Administration

7. Family Engagement

This option is a great starting point for you to understand how to go about establishing a Montessori centre.  

The series handbook costs $210 (including GST) and can be ordered by emailing info@montessori.org.au.

My Infant

Birth to 5 Months

During the period from birth to 5 months, your baby will be learning how to use their hands, their limbs and their body in a co-ordinated and purposeful way.

Communication

  • Your baby is fascinated by the sound of and emotion in your voice and your facial expressions. Your baby will love to hear you talking and singing. You can talk about what you are doing as you do it, when you are changing their nappy. You can talk about your plans for the day, or the things you can see in the room. Your baby enjoys listening to you and watching your mouth move as your speak.
  • When your baby watches your mouth move, their mouth will move too. Avoiding the use of a dummy will allow your baby to make these mouth movements and to practice making sounds.
  • Keeping background noise down (e.g. the television or music) will mean that your baby can tune into your language.
  • It is never too young to read to your baby. Very young babies enjoy colourful picture books with one or two words on each page.

Movement

  • Young babies need lots of opportunity for free movement. Your baby will learn how to coordinate their movement and become stronger in their limbs if they have lots of practice time.
  • A safe and comfortable space on the floor on a mat will provide your baby with room to move. A large mirror lying sideways alongside the mat will give your baby an opportunity to watch their whole body move. Mirrors are also great for social interaction! It will be a whie until your baby realises that they are the baby in the mirror.
  • Young babies seem to prefer lying on their backs, but time on the tummy everyday is important too. If your baby is comfortable on their tummy, you could lie down with them until they are happy in that position.
  • Allowing your baby to practice new movements at their own pace will ensure that they build up the necessary muscle strength. Encouraging your baby to sit or stand before they are able to achieve these movements spontaneously could push them before their bodies are strong enough.
  • When your baby is moving, have look at their clothing to make sure that it is not in their way. Loose or tight clothing can hold your baby up!

We have lots of ideas to promote your baby’s movement in our online shop.

Love

  • When your baby feels safe and loved by you and others in their life, this feeds their healthy brain development.
  • Feeling loved and accepted supports a baby’s healthy emotional and social development.
  • You can show your love for your baby by responding when your baby cries, handling their body gently when you change their nappy and making eye contact as often as possible.

6 to 12 Months


The period from 6 to 12 months, is an exciting time for your baby’s development. This period can see babies developing from lying on their tummies or backs, to ‘cruising’ around on two feet supported by the furniture. They might even be walking!

Communication

  • Your baby is still very interested in listening to the sounds of and emotion in your voice and loves to watch your facial expressions. Singing and talking to your baby is how your baby will learn how to speak. Special brain cells enable young children to absorb language simply by listening. The more your baby is surrounded by language, the more they will learn. You can tell your baby about what you are doing, when you change their nappy, or about what will come next in the day. You can name things in your baby’s environment to provide even more language. Your baby enjoys listening to you and watching your mouth move as you speak.
  • When your baby watches your mouth move, their mouth will move too. Avoiding the use of a dummy will allow your baby to make these mouth movements and to practice making sounds.
  • Keeping background noise down (e.g. the television or music) will mean that your baby can tune into your language.
  • It is never too young to read to your baby. Very young babies enjoy colourful picture books with one or two words on each page. Your baby will be able to grasp a board or cloth book now and look through it with you, or by themselves.

Movement


From 6 months onwards, it is all go!  Your baby will reach each milestone in their own time. The developmental continuum looks like this.

  • Young babies need lots of opportunity for free movement. Your baby will learn how to coordinate their movement and become stronger in their limbs if they have lots of practice time.
  • A safe and comfortable space on the floor on a play mat will provide your baby with room to move. A large mirror lying sideways alongside the mat will give your baby an opportunity to watch their whole body move. Mirrors are also great for social interaction!
  • Your baby is hardwired to achieve their movement milestones, Allowing your baby to practice new movements at their own pace will ensure that they build up the necessary muscle strength. Encouraging your baby to sit or stand before they are able to achieve these movements spontaneously could push them before their bodies are strong enough.
  • Everything looks pretty different once you’re sitting up! Your baby will need lots of opportunity to practice co-ordinating their eye-hand movements from each new perspective. The more practice they have, the stronger the pathway in their brain will become.
  • When your baby is moving, have look at their clothing to make sure that it is not in their way. Loose or tight clothing can hold your baby up! The same is true for objects in their environment. Once your baby is crawling, their play mat might start to get in their way.

Love and connection


Babies and young children need secure and loving relationships, which enable them to moderate their stress levels. These significant relationships can include the mother and father, other family members and also caregivers such as childcare workers. When your baby feels loved, this feeds their healthy brain development.

  • Feeling loved and accepted supports your baby’s emotional and social growth and development.
  • Babies and young children receive their information about how to behave in social situations by watching the adults in their lives. You are their role model.

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

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AMTI — Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

MACTE Accredited · Montessori Australia Affiliate

Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI)

Accessible, affordable, and internationally accredited Montessori training — from birth through adolescence and adult care.

MACTE Accredited
Montessori Australia Affiliate

Australian
Based & Online

5
Course Streams

0–18+
Age Range

MACTE
Accredited
Internationally recognised

About AMTI

The Australian Montessori Training Institute (AMTI) is committed to providing quality Montessori training courses — accessible, affordable, and flexible — to the Montessori community and those seeking qualification in the Montessori Method.

AMTI offers individual training, school residency programs, and centre support services, with all courses designed to lead to MACTE teacher training accreditation — the world standard for Montessori teacher training.

Training is available via hybrid learning (online and face-to-face), in formats that fit around your life. AMTI is a proud Affiliate of Montessori Australia.

AMTI educator with student

Internationally Accredited Montessori Teacher and Educator Courses and School Residency Programs

A full spectrum of Montessori training — from Infant Toddler through to Adolescent and Adult Care. Hybrid delivery. Flexible study. MACTE accredited.

0–3 Infant Toddler Courses

0 – 3 Years
Infant Toddler

Montessori Infant Toddler Studies

Certificate and Diploma-level training for educators working with children from birth to three years. Covers Montessori philosophy, prepared environments, and practical care approaches for the earliest years of development.

Certificate AMTIAU1A
Diploma AMTIAU1B

Learn More

2.5–6 Early Childhood Courses

2.5 – 6 Years
Early Childhood
MACTE Available

Montessori Early Childhood Studies

Three pathways including the flagship MACTE-accredited Diploma — the international standard for Montessori teacher training. Covers all aspects of the 2.5–6 Montessori environment, materials, and child development.

Certificate AMTIAU2A
Diploma AMTIAU2B
MACTE Diploma AMTIAU2C

Learn More

6–12 Elementary Courses

6 – 12 Years
Coming Soon

Montessori Elementary Studies

A MACTE-accredited Diploma for the 6–12 elementary environment is in development. AMTI’s 6–12 program uses an innovative school residency model — training is delivered within your school or cluster of schools.

MACTE Diploma AMTIAU3C — Coming Soon
Learn More

Adolescent Montessori Training

12 – 18 Years
Adolescent

Montessori Adolescent Studies

AMTI is the only Australian provider offering Montessori adolescent training. The Diploma prepares educators to guide students in the 12–18 environment, with a focus on Erdkinder principles and real-world learning experiences.

Diploma AMTIAU4B
Learn More

Montessori Adult Care

Adult Care
Aged Care

Montessori Adult Care

Bringing Montessori principles to aged care and adult support services. Available as an audited face-to-face Diploma or fully online — supporting carers and organisations to create purposeful, dignified environments for older adults.

Audited Diploma AMTIAU8A
Online Diploma AMTIAU8B

Learn More

How AMTI Supports Educators, Schools & Centres

Flexible, targeted training and support — wherever you are in your Montessori journey.

Individuals
Affordable online and face-to-face courses that fit around your work and life. Beginner-friendly through to advanced MACTE accreditation.

Schools
School residency programs, strategy support, coaching for leaders and educators, implementation reviews, and field-tested assessment tools.

Centres
Centre start-up and strategy support, professional learning, coaching, and Montessori implementation reviews for early childhood services.

AMTI

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Contact AMTI to discuss courses, enrolment options, and how their flexible training programs can fit your career goals.

About Montessori

Montessori Education

The Montessori Vision:
An Education for Life

Montessori is not merely a classroom style or a trend in pedagogy. It is a method committed to supporting the full development of the human being — from birth through to maturity — viewing education as an “aid to life.”

22,000+ Schools Worldwide
150 Countries
360+ Programs in Australia
26,000+ Australian Children

A Broad, Holistic Vision

Education as an Aid to Life

At its heart, Montessori education prepares children not just for the next grade level, but for the complex and beautiful world they will one day lead. This visionary approach is active in over 22,000 schools across 150 countries, representing a century of success that remains unparalleled in the history of modern education.

The Montessori method is built on the belief that every child is born with an internal “blue-print” for development. Rather than imposing a rigid, external curriculum, we follow the child’s natural trajectory — inspiring a lifelong love of learning fuelled by their own curiosity.

“In our classrooms, children evolve into confident, responsible, and independent learners who possess a quiet, unshakeable trust in their own abilities.”

Montessori Australia — National Peak Body for Montessori Education since 2007

The Prepared Environment

A Sanctuary for Purposeful Work

Imagine a learning environment where the furniture is sized for the child, the materials are beautiful and tactile, and the atmosphere is one of focused calm. Montessori classrooms are prepared environments designed specifically to respond to a child’s innate tendency toward meaningful work.

Children possess a natural passion for learning that traditional settings often overlook. We encourage this by providing opportunities to engage in spontaneous, purposeful activities under the expert guidance of a trained Montessori educator. Through this work, children develop an extraordinary level of concentration and what we call “joyful self-discipline.”

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Child-Led Learning

Children progress at their own pace and rhythm, ensuring their education is as unique as their individual capabilities.

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Joyful Self-Discipline

Within a framework of order and community, children develop deep concentration and a lifelong love of purposeful work.

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Inclusive Community

Mixed-age classrooms foster empathy, leadership, and positive social development alongside academic growth.

The Legacy of a Scientist

Dr Maria Montessori

The method we practise today is the legacy of Dr Maria Montessori — a physician, anthropologist, and educator who was one of the first women to graduate from the University of Rome’s medical school. Her unique method was not “invented” in a laboratory but was painstakingly refined over a professional career spanning more than fifty years.

Dr Montessori based her work on intense, scientific observation of children from nearly every ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic background. She saw that the needs of the child are universal, and her deep understanding of child development allowed her to create a system that respects the dignity of the child as a “constructor of man.”

Experience the Difference

See Montessori in Action

The best way to understand the “magic” of a Montessori education is to see it through the eyes of the children who live it every day.

Montessori in Australia

A Flourishing Movement Across the Country

In Australia, the Montessori movement is flourishing, offering a seamless educational journey for children from as young as 6 weeks old through to 18 years of age. Montessori programs are integrated into the very fabric of the Australian community, found within early childhood services, preschools, kindergartens, and both primary and secondary schools.

 

There are currently more than 360 Montessori programs operating across Australia.

 

Over 26,000 Australian children are currently being educated in Montessori settings.

 

The majority of programs are operated by not-for-profit, community-based associations, with a growing number of privately-owned centres and programs integrated within the public school system.

A Connection to Culture and Land

Montessori in Remote Indigenous Communities

One of the most meaningful expressions of the Montessori philosophy in Australia is its presence in remote Indigenous communities. The Montessori approach — with its emphasis on respect, independence, and the environment — unites naturally with the ancient culture and heritage of First Nations Australians. By honouring the child’s connection to their community and their land, Montessori education helps provide a culturally resonant pathway to academic and personal success.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools Australia, Montessori teacher training, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Montessori Organisations

Connecting Montessori organisations globally…

Association Montessori Internationale

The Association Montessori Internationale’s (AMI) mission is to support the natural development of the human being from birth to maturity, enabling children to become the transforming elements of society, leading to a harmonious and peaceful world.

AMI is recognised internationally as an authoritative voice regarding the unique nature of childhood, natural human development and the rights of the child.

AMI is identified and sought after nationally and internationally as the custodian and cultivator of Montessori philosophy and pedagogy.

AMI is invited to assist international and national humanitarian and government authorities in addressing social and educational problem situations where positive change can be effected through the education of children.

AMI activities include coordinating a training of trainers programme, guiding approved manufacturers of Montessori Materials, overseeing the publication of Dr Montessori’s books, organising congresses and study conferences, affiliating Montessori Societies and publishing the magazine Communication.

 The Objectives of the Association Montessori Internationale are:

  • To uphold, advance and protect the rights of the child within society. Making it known that the child plays an essential part in the progress of society. Civilisation depends on the development of the child and their natural growth;
  • To communicate and establish awareness and understanding of the natural laws of development. From the development of the child’s mind, to their social skills, physical development and growth into a global citizen;
  • To arouse and invoke the public opinion on the responsibility that adults have towards the advancement of children’s development and their duty to provide a dignified, nurturing environment;
  • To expand and sustain the pedagogical principles researched, developed and applied by Dr Montessori during her lifetime;
  • Providing opportunities for children all over the world to grow, learn and expand their minds naturally. To enter a life of harmony and co-operation with other children and society at large; 
  • To broaden the scope of the social movement driven to provide rights to children throughout the world regardless of their race, religion, ethnicity, political or social background or beliefs.

AMI Membership is open to everyone.  

Visit AMI’s website: www.montessori-ami.org for further details.

Montessori Australia is authorised by AMI to offer AMI Membership with our Individual Subscriptions.  See here for details.

American Montessori Society

The American Montessori Society (AMS) leads, empowers, and serves the global community of Montessori educators as the foremost advocate for research and policy, ongoing teacher education, and standards of accreditation through opportunities for mentored individual growth, collaboration, and member engagement.

What is the American Montessori Society?

As a hub of all things Montessori, AMS strives to anticipate and respond to the needs of our varied constituents. Among our many areas of involvement:

  • Standards for Montessori schools and teacher education programs
  • School accreditation
  • Teacher education and professional development
  • Research
  • Public policy
  • Peace and social justice
  • Education
  • Scholarships, awards, and grants
  • Montessori in the public sector

AMS is proud to be recognized by the United Nations as an associated non-governmental organization, a connection that opens new worlds to Montessori educators and learners and gives voice to Montessori with groups from around the globe.

AMS Membership

AMS offers membership to schools and individuals, and partners directly with teacher education programs domestically and internationally. Member benefits include professional development (with access to AMS Learning, a free on-demand webinar library with over 100 CPD hours available); publications (such as the Montessori Life print magazine 4 times a year and access to the 10 year digital archives); community (through an online networking platform called AMS Connect); discounts (for The Montessori Event and at other trusted AMS partners); and more.

AMS Professional Development

AMS hosts the largest Montessori event in the world each year. The Montessori Event 2022 will take place March 17 – 20, in Nashville, TN. The conference includes renowned keynote speakers, impactful workshop presentations, inspired community networking, a robust exhibit hall, and much more. 

Beyond The Montessori Event, AMS offers online courses like the Anti-bias, Antiracist Certificate Course, Elementary Reading Certificate Program, Your Child’s Montessori Education: Early Childhood, and Teacher Education Instructor Academy. AMS is also proud to offer special programs like the Emerging Leaders Fellowship Program which helps Montessori educators evolve in their leadership skills.

AMS Publications

Montessori Life is the quarterly magazine of the American Montessori Society and it is available in print and digitally. AMS also creates digital publications on monthly and quarterly bases such as the AMS Family Connection, a monthly e-newsletter for families in accredited Montessori schools; Research Digest, a quarterly email for folks interested in the latest Montessori research; and the AMS School Leader, a monthly e-newsletter designed specifically for heads of school and other administrators.

AMS Values

All the work that AMS does is built on organizational values of respect, integrity, diversity, inclusiveness, responsibility, and enthusiasm. AMS’s strategic priorities are inclusion/equity, quality, membership, communication, and institutional advancement. Each of these initiatives moves the organization closer to its vision of Montessori for all, embraced around the globe.

Learn more at the AMS website: amshq.org

Montessori Aotearoa New Zealand

Montessori Aotearoa New Zealand (MANZ) was established in 1987 and is a membership, not-for-profit organisation. MANZ is a collective of schools (early learning services, primary and high schools), organisations and individual members who work together to provide and promote Montessori education in Aotearoa. It is governed by a voluntary Council and managed by a Chief Executive and an Administration Officer, in consultation with members. MANZ mission is to support the community to deliver excellent Montessori programmes that enable the holistic development of all tamariki/rangatira (children/adolescents) (0-18 years). This is done through offering tailoring professional development and learning for all teaching levels and an annual conference. The Chief Executive represents MANZ on many government and advisory groups which enables Montessori to be promoted at many levels.

There are currently nearly 200 Montessori early learning services (ELS), 17 state or state-integrated schools with Montessori primary classes, 4 private Montessori primary schools and 3 Montessori high schools in New Zealand. The numbers are slowly growing. In Aotearoa the impetus to establish a Montessori ELS or school is varied. Many community-based ELS have been started by parent groups and privately owned ELS by teacher-owners or other individuals or businesses. Generally the commencement of a primary school or class is driven by passionate parents wanting their child to continue their Montessori learning journey after early learning. 

http://www.montessori.org.nz/

About Us

Our Role

Montessori Australia

Montessori Australia is the leading national organisation dedicated to promoting and advancing the Montessori philosophy and education system in Australia. Our goal is to provide comprehensive support and guidance to Montessori schools, centres, educators, higher educational institutions, adult care facilities and families to ensure that every child and adult in Australia has access to a high-quality Montessori approach to education and care. We support a ‘whole of life’ approach, sharing how Montessori principles can support independence and self-esteem, from birth to the elderly.

 

At Montessori Australia, we believe that children and adults should be supported to develop their full potential through an education and care system that prioritises their unique interests, learning style and abilities. We are committed to promoting the benefits of the Montessori approach in education and care to parents, educators, caregivers and the wider community. Our website serves as a hub of information, offering resources, news, and events for anyone interested in learning more about Montessori practices in a variety of settings and its benefits.

 

We believe that education and care is a collaborative effort and that families, educators and caregivers are key partners in helping the achievement of one’s full potential. We work closely with Montessori schools, centres and families across Australia to provide support and guidance on a wide range of issues related to Montessori education and caregiving. We invite you to explore our website and learn more about how we can help support your Montessori journey.

 

We are proud to provide member services to 62% of the Montessori providers across the country.

Overview

Montessori Australia

Montessori Australia is the leading national organisation dedicated to promoting and advancing the Montessori philosophy and education system in Australia. Our goal is to provide comprehensive support and guidance to Montessori schools, centres, educators and families to ensure that every child in Australia has access to a high-quality Montessori education. We support a ‘whole of life’ approach, sharing how Montessori principles can support independence and self-esteem, from birth to the elderly.

At Montessori Australia, we believe that children should be supported to develop their full potential through an education system that prioritises their unique interests and learning style. We are committed to promoting the benefits of Montessori education to parents, educators, and the wider community. Our website serves as a hub of information, offering resources, news, and events for anyone interested in learning more about Montessori education and its benefits.

We believe that education is a collaborative effort and that families and educators are key partners in helping children achieve their full potential. We work closely with Montessori schools, centres and families across Australia to provide support and guidance on a wide range of issues related to Montessori education. We invite you to explore our website and learn more about how we can help support your Montessori journey.

We are proud to provide member services to 62% of the Montessori providers across the country.

Vision and Mission

Vision

A strong and unified Montessori community that is a transformational agent for a peaceful world.

Mission

To build on the past and improve the future by strengthening the Montessori education system as a transformative instrument throughout Australasia and engaging the Montessori community to protect, develop and grow capacity as educators and caregivers.

Our Goals

  • Commit to best practice governance and leadership. 
  • Engage with the Montessori community stakeholders with inclusive, safe, and respectful relationships. 
  • Advance and develop Montessori pedagogy with an educational reform process for Australia. 
  • Drive Montessori provider growth in all sectors, inspiring a passion for authentic practice and supporting greater access to Montessori principles. 

 

Montessori Australia works to support the natural development of the human being from birth, early childhood through to maturity. Montessori works to enable children to become the transforming elements of society leading to a harmonious and peaceful world.

Founding Principles

Centralised and Streamlined

In order for Montessori to achieve its potential, there needs to be a centralised access point for Montessori service provision in Australia. In short, we need to simplify and demystify Montessori for schools, parents, educators, government and outside agencies. In the past there was enormous duplication of effort as individual schools produced essentially the same documents, faced the same compliance challenges, and attempted to develop the same resources. Montessori Australia is working to provide all these resources centrally.

Visionary and Altruistic

Given the underlying aims of the Montessori movement, we believe a well structured benevolent organisation is a key to providing support for the work of raising public awareness of Montessori. Our prime aim is to make as widely available as possible the fundamental principles of human development and supporting practices to as many people as possible. “Aid to Life” remains the single most defining statement of Montessori purpose and guides all our endeavours.

Service Provision for All Montessorians and All Children

We see it is as fundamental that services be made available as widely as possible to all Montessorians. We further seek to work collaboratively with the major Montessori training organisations in Australia and to represent Montessori to government and outside agencies with one voice. We actively communicate with all Montessori organisations in Australia. In addition, we continue to create a network of collaboration with a wide variety of international Montessori organisations. Our ultimate focus is to champion the cause of all children.

Professional Staff, Resources and Infrastructure

While volunteers will continue to play an important part in our organisation, we have made the quantum leap and put in place professional staff, resources and infrastructure. Professionally implemented and staffed initiatives will assist us to meet current challenges and to advance the Montessori movement.

Community Updates

30 November 2022

PDF icon DOWNLOAD UPDATE

Thank you to our Montessori community. It’s been a transformational year for Montessori Australia!

Your many ideas and suggestions over the past year – gathered from personal site visits to early childhood centres, schools and aged care facilities, meetings with educators and leaders, surveys, interactions and feedback – have all been invaluable in helping us better understand your needs. Your feedback has allowed us to refine our services to better suit the changing needs of a modern, post-Covid workforce. Although its fundamental principles remain as powerful today as they did a hundred years ago, we believe that Montessori must adapt to the times to stay relevant and to take the movement forward.

Below are some highlights from our efforts to collaborate and innovate. Montessori Australia has achieved the highest level of community support in its 15-year history as the national peak body with nearly 65% of all Montessori programs in the country, including 84% of all schools, now members.

Quality Standards for all Training Traditions

We have brought globally recognised standards for Montessori training to Australia through our accreditation with the Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education (MACTE). Over the last 25 years the Montessori community worldwide has increasingly come to recognise MACTE accreditation as a sign of quality Montessori training and we are proud to represent MACTE in Australasia. 

Quality Standards for all Schools and Centres

Now in its second year, the Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice program (MQ:AP) is reinvigorating the quality improvement process for centres and schools through a self-reflective process that is now more in line with Montessori principles. 

Connections with Like-Minded Education Organisations

Many of our workshops, conferences and professional development programs are now accredited with NESA and ACT for Professional Learning hours. Montessori Australia has also sought to increase the exposure of the Montessori movement by making connections with other educational organisations, including the establishment of Transforming Education Australasia (TEA), a new collective for promoting the common agenda of alternative education organisations.

Advancing Montessori Across Australia

In response to your calls for increased advocacy, visibility and marketing, we have held ongoing discussions with ACECQA, NESA, ACARA, and ISA, among other regulatory bodies. Montessori Australia has been working with ACECQA to provide articles, resources and assessor training. Our video Why Montessori? has been used widely to promote Montessori to new schools, services, and is available to centres and schools to use for their own promotional purposes. Traffic on the Montessori Australia website is currently increasing at an average rate of about 12% monthly with unprecedented high click rates on pages in Australia, US, Canada and the UK! We have also sought to showcase Montessori to wider audiences through our conferences and professional development programs, which we have begun to market outside the Montessori community. 

Fostering Australian Research

Montessori Australia has liaised with independent researchers to showcase their work, and supported those embarking upon research in Australia through discussions with several universities. Our website now highlights some excellent contemporary Australian research. Working with you, the community and leading academics in the area, the Early Childhood Focus Group has compiled research on floor beds and has conducted a review of data management systems, two issues of high need for early childhood centres across Australia. Montessori educators, parents, and alumni took part in the second phase of a research project with UNSW to begin to consider and examine alternative outcomes of school success with an invitation to come to take part in the next phase of research with UNSW’s Alternative indicators of school success project. Stay tuned.

Grassroots Work in Focus Groups

We have also become an organisation of unity and inclusion within the Montessori community in Australia. Our action-based Focus Groups are open to everyone, no matter their training background. If you have an interest in participating in any of these focus groups please contact us at info@montessori.org.au

Mentoring and Networking

Montessori Australia has also supported the Montessori community by honouring experienced Montessorians in the community and connecting them with younger educators with two dozen interviews with Montessorians from a range of backgrounds on our bi-monthly Zoom program Montessori Lives! 

Montessori Australia has actively promoted networking within the Montessori community and between Montessorians and the wider educational community with live conferences. Our Early Childhood Best Practice Conference will be on 11-12 March 2023 on the Gold Coast, packed with an impressive lineup of speakers, fun and engaging entertainment and long-missed networking opportunities.  Save the dates for our 2023 events.

Join Us and Get Involved!

We are YOUR peak body. Montessori Australia welcomes everyone with an interest in the Montessori community to get involved at whatever level they are comfortable with. We welcome Montessori educators and leaders of all levels and training traditions. With nearly 65% of all Montessori schools and centres around the country as members, we offer tangible benefits and services. Click here for membership options or to inquire about getting involved with a Focus Group, email us at info@montessori.org.au.

Montessori Australia…Transformational

Strategic Plan

Montessori Australia is proud of the progress that the organisation has made since 2019 to build on the previous work of the Montessori Australia Foundation and improve the structure and inclusivity of the organisation going forward.

Montessori Australia works with compelling intent to advance Montessori education in Australia. Montessori Australia acknowledges previous incredible achievements and acts as custodians of the intellectual property on behalf of the Montessori community.

Our aim is to add value to a broad spectrum of services in the community (early childhood, long day care services, schools and aged care) and to place the organisation under a strong and collaborative leadership team with aspirations to drive the organisation towards an exciting future so that we can be proud of our global position as an impressive national representative body.

To this end, Montessori Australia has developed a triune structure which includes an administrative arm known as the Montessori Australia Group (MAG), a not-for-profit services arm known as Montessori Australia Organisation (MAO), and an entity to safeguard IP, the Montessori Australia Assets Trust (MAAT). Developments also include the offering of several types of membership that enables everyone to participate in the organisation including Directors, individual Montessori practitioners, Montessori service providers (early childhood centres, schools, aged care centres, etc), associates such as ancillary service providers, as well as parents and caregivers.

We invite you to download our Strategic Plan.

Our Services

Support Services

Montessori Australia (MA) is the peak national body for Montessori in Australia, providing support services to Montessori schools, early childhood centres, teachers and parents as well as to adult care organisations, caregivers and families. MA maintains communication with Montessori programmes across Australia and acts as a clearinghouse for Montessori information and communication. 

Schools, Early Childhood Centres, Home Schooling Groups & Adult Care Organisations

Membership

Montessori Australia offers membership to Montessori schools and centres, including home educators and adult care providers. Montessori Australia provides publications, discounted Montessori materials, communications, promotional services and professional development opportunities. These services are undergoing a review in consultation with the Montessori community to improve service delivery ensuring that we support the varied needs of our diverse community.  For membership enquiries, please contact info@montessori.org.au.

Consultancy

Montessori Australia offers consulting services to Montessori schools and centres on a wide variety of topics and issues. Our consulting services offer supportive advice using a mentoring model to encourage best practice and improve the delivery of the Montessori programme. 

Services for the General Public

Membership

Montessori staff and parents of member schools/centres benefit from their membership to Montessori Australia, including publications and discounts on events and shop products.

Individuals or Montessori teachers not currently with member schools/centres may join as Individual Members to receive similar benefits. 

Media

As the peak national body for Montessori in Australia, Montessori Australia takes a proactive role in promoting the Montessori approach across media platforms.  We also work with our Montessori schools, teachers and parents to help support their engagement with the media. 

For media enquiries, please contact Anusha Shrestha at anusha@montessori.org.au.

Government 

Montessori Australia acts as the government liaison representing Montessori on both a state and federal level. Visit our Government Liaison and Government Submissions sections on this website to learn more about our work. 

For Government enquiries, please contact hani@montessori.org.au

Employment Services

Job Openings

Montessori Australia provides the Job Openings section as a service to Montessori schools, centres and job seekers. Jobs are listed on the Montessori Australia website, and on the Montessori Australia Facebook page for a 3mth duration. The service is free to member schools/centres, or for a fee for non-members.

Government Liaison

Since its inception, Montessori Australia has represented the interests of the Montessori sector at both the state and national levels. MA has enabled Montessorians across the country to speak with “one voice” and we are delighted that Montessori is now seen as a significant sector by government and other agencies. With this in place we are working on a number of fronts to achieve further recognition of Montessori and to advocate for the interests of children, especially highlighting the importance of the first years of life.

 

One of our major focus areas is the drafting and submission of responses on behalf of the Montessori sector on major policy and regulation reviews both on a federal and state level. We constantly strive to support Montessori education in this complex and changing landscape.

 

The Montessori Australia Organisation Government Advocacy Focus Group is made up of volunteers from the Montessori community. It is open to Montessori practitioners and/or passionate individuals who want to advance the cause of Montessori with government. For more information about getting involved contact mark@montessori.org.au

Government Submissions

Most recent submissions/reports listed first: 

Submission: National Review of Teacher Registration – Early Childhood Education

Following attendance at the AITSL Forum, Montessori Australia has prepared a brief response to the National Review of Teacher Registration – Early Childhood Education. Overall, we believe there should be a nationally consistent approach with ACECQA, AITSL, regulatory bodies and authorities and that teacher registration should be a national process, not carried out at the state level, to support consistency.  The submission covers the following points:

  • Elements of Registration
  • Teacher Quality
  • Improvements
  • Nationally consistent approaches
  • Teacher standards and application to ECT registration

Submitted: 4 June 2018

Download the Montessori Submission

Submission: Social and Cultural Determinants of Indigenous Health

The Montessori Children’s Foundation made the following key recommendations:

  • Provide significant and secure funding support to enable the expansion of Montessori early childhood programs in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
  • Urgently develop mechanisms that will enable those wanting to train as Montessori teachers to have their Montessori training counted as part of their Bachelor of Education studies.
  • Investigate how greater numbers of public schools may be able to make the choice to offer Montessori programs either as a part, or as the whole of their pedagogic approach.
  • Foster and support the growth of capacity building initiatives such as the Puuya Foundation has undertaken, and facilitate the involvement of other key partner organisations. 

Submitted: 5 May 2017

Download the Montessori Submission

Submission: Productivity Commission Draft Report into Childcare and Early Childhood Learning

MAF has prepared a short submission in response to the July Productivity Commission Draft Report into Childcare and Early Childhood Learning. We were also able to contribute to the public enquiry through input to the ACECQA National Forum and the NSW Children’s Services Forum.

Our submission covers the following points:

  • The focus on children’s rights, their needs and interests is missing from the framing of the recommendations of the enquiry.
  • The workforce participation of women rather than the needs and interests of children is placed at the forefront of policy framework for ECEC.
  • The report privileges the needs and desires of employer groups over the needs and interests of children.
  • There is a fundamental disregard for the progress we have made in the last 30 years in recognising the interrelationship between care and education.
  • CCB should be made available for all children irrespective of family income levels.
  • The possible exclusion of some service types (such as preschools) from the NQF.
  • The removal of tax benefits for not-for-profit services who provide a large proportion of the education and care of young children.
  • The emergence of a division between “child care” for children under 3 and “preschool education” for children over 3.
  • The potential impact of a deemed rate of care on families and services that could cause significant disadvantage those in high cost provision in rural and remote locations.
  • The lack of provision of a plan to ensure supply of education and care meets demand.
  • The possible exclusion of children from vulnerable families to early education by the imposition of the proposed 24 hour work/activity test per fortnight.
  • Nannies should be linked to an approved service to ensure quality provision and to ensure they are supported to achieve quality outcomes for children.

Submitted: 6 September 2014  

Consultation – Reduction of command and control – Australian Education Act 2013

This submission is in response to Minister Pyne’s letter to the Montessori Australia Foundation seeking our comments on where we perceive the Australian Education Act 2013 or the associated Regulation afford an overreach of Commonwealth powers and involve unnecessary reporting to the Commonwealth in this regard.

Small independent schools have the same regulatory burdens as larger independent schools but do not have the same administrative capacity to meet increasing and constantly changing administrative and reporting requirements especially when these overlap with two different legislative jurisdictions. Many areas of the Act are overly prescriptive and can usually be dealt with in a collaborative way between jurisdictions. 

Whilst understanding the need for accountability and quality control, we would support any reduction in regulatory burden that would enable schools to focus on the provision of high quality teaching and learning and reduce administrative costs. There are many overlapping regulatory requirements between States/Territories, the Commonwealth Government and different Acts and Regulations with which Montessori schools have to comply.

Specific input was provided regarding various sections of the Act. 

Submitted: 23 June 2014 

Senate Select Committee Submission on School Funding  

This submission responded to the following points

  • Value of independent schooling
  • Current and new funding arrangements
  • Distribution of Funds
  • Montessori schools and students with disabilities
  • Agreement on 3% increase
  • Recommendations for future funding arrangements

Submitted: 20 March 2014

Productivity Commission Childcare and Early Childhood Learning

 This submission responded to the following points:  

  • Support for implementation of National Quality Framework
  • Affordability of childcare
  • Qualifications
  • Government support by State, Territory and Local Governments
  • Key support measures for childcare services
  • Options for regulatory reform
  • Initiatives of government to address workforce changes 

Submitted: 31 January 2014  

Beyond Gonski: Reviewing the Evidence on Quality Schooling 

Following the release of the Gonski Report, the Public Policy Institutue (PPI) was commissioned by the Independent Schools Council of Australia (ISCA) to prepare a response paper, authored by Scott Prasser and Helen Tracey. The paper was presented at a meeting attended by Christine Harrison, Presdient, Montessori Australia Foundation. She provides an update on the meeting and its bearing on the Montessori sector.  

Circulated: Montessori Australia Foundation eBulletin 2013 Edition 1

Parliamentary Inquiry into the Australian Education Bill 2012  

This submission outlines the Montessori sector’s response to the Parlimentary Inquiry in the areas of Quality Education, Transparancy and Accountability, Diversity and Choice, School and Student Assessment Benchmarks, and School Funding.

Submitted: 30 September 2011

Comments to ACECQA Regarding Draft Criteria for Excellent Rating

This report offers comments from the Montessori sector to the Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority (ACECQA) on the draft criteria for Excellent Ratings for childcare centres under the National Quality Standards national quality rating and assessment process. 

Circulated: 28 February 2012 

Montessori Report on the Gonski Briefing

This report summarises the briefing on the Gonski Review of Funding. 

Circulated: 20 February 2012

Review of Funding for Schooling – Response to Commissioned Research

On 31 August 2011, the Review of Funding for Schooling released its Paper on Commissioned Research and the following four research report

  • Feasibility of a National Schooling Recurrent Resource Standard
  • Assessing existing funding models for schooling in Australia
  • Schooling Challenges and Opportunities
  • Assessment of current process for targeting of schools funding to disadvantaged students  

The Montessori sector affirms our belief that any model for funding of non-government schools should be equitable, transparent and treat all schools and systems in the non-government sector consistently. Funding arrangements for feepaying independent schools should encourage, not discourage, parental investment in their child’s schooling. We concur with the independent school sector that it is critical that any proposed funding model be based on robust, reliable and up-to-date data. 

Submitted: 30 September 2011  

ACARA Submission: Recognition of Montessori National Curriculum

Submission to ACARA for the Recognition of Curriculum Framework to meet the requirements of the Australian Curriculum

Submitted: 17 June 2011

MAF, MCF and TSIREC Meeting with Minister Peter Garrett

Meeting date: 6 July 2011 

Key points of discussion were: 

  • The importance of endorsement of the three year age range in Montessori settings and provision of advice to state education authorities to that effect.
  • The Minister’s support for recognition of the Montessori National Curriculum including the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP)
  • Recognition of Montessori qualifications
  • Issues and challenges relating to the MySchool and MyChild websites
  • The success of the Strait Start programs in the Torres Strait Islands

The importance of the continued support of the Minister and the government for the TSIREC/MCF partnership in the Torres Strait to allow additional support for the existing programme, expansion due to community demand in other areas of the Torres Strait and North Queensland.

Submitted: 17 June 2011

National Quality Framework Regulations Exposure Draft

In response to the DEEWR National Quality Framework Regulations Exposure Draft the Montessori submission highlighted key areas of concern for the Montessori sector including: 

  • Educator to child ratios 
  • Requirements for early childhood teach
  • Approval and determination of qualifications
  • Declared approved learning frameworks
  • Qualifications and Experience of Assessors
  • Supervisor Certificate
  • Assessment and Ratings
  • Policies and Procedures
  • Review of Funding for Schooling: Emerging Issues Paper 2010 

Submitted: 31 March 2011 

In response to the DEEWR Review of Funding for Schooling Emerging Issues Paper the Montessori submission specified:  

  • Any changes to government funding arrangements should leave no Montessori school or student worse off in real te
  • Any funding arrangements should be simple to administer, transparent and offer stability and predictability
  • Montessori school enrolments are projected to increase significantly over the next decade. They will provide a significant contribution towards the future recurrent and capital costs of school education in Australia. We firmly agree with the independent sector that governments must encourage and appropriately support independent schools in order to leverage this contribution.
  • Montessori schools are chosen by many parents because of their ability to support students with special learning needs, including students with disabilities. These students must be resourced appropriately regardless of the type of school they attend.
  • We support the right of parents to exercise their entitlement to choose the type of schooling for their children. Montessori schools are often chosen because of their sense of community and ability for families to become more involved in their child’s education.
  • Small, community based schools such as Montessori schools show a significant commitment to transparent and effective governance with many school boards made up wholly of parents. There is a high degree of accountability to stakeholders who are fee-paying parents, founders and other financial supporters.
  • Montessori schools draw their enrolments from all income groups. Many of our schools offer low fees and serve lower SES communities that are the fastest growing group of independent schools thus increasing the load on our schools.

Our schools need to work with stability and predictability of funding arrangements to facilitate financial planning and management. We would like to see funding legislated for at least four years as per the current quadrennial arrangements. The value of recurrent, capital and targeted grants should be maintained in real terms by appropriate supplementation.

MAF Meeting with DEEWR Early Childhood Development Group 

Meeting Date: 25 November 2010 

Key points of discussion were:

  • Overview of Montessori in Australia and Overseas
  • Presentation on Elements of Quality Montessori ECEC Centres
  • Recognition of Montessori Early Years Learning Framework
  • Recognition of Montessori Qualifications
  • Assessment of Montessori Programmes under the NQS
  • Montessori Programmes in Indigenous Communities

Submitted: 22 November 2010

MCEECDYA National Biennial Forum 2010

Education for the Future: Improving Student Learning and School Performance

The Australian Education Ministers’ 2010 Biennial Forum to be held in Canberra on 15 October will showcase innovative and creative best-practice initiatives that are improving student outcomes, transforming schools and shaping the education environment into the future.

The forum will bring together over 300 of Australia’s educational leaders and practitioners from all jurisdictions and sectors for a range of highly engaging interactive presentations and discussions. It will report progress being made on the goals of the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, while also providing a platform for considering ‘schooling for tomorrow’. 

MAF is pleased to have been invited to the Forum and to have been asked to submit a paper and project summaries to be published on the Forum’s website. 

  • Developing sustainable partnerships with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders and communities to improve early childhood infrastruct
  • Montessori Parent Support Initiative as the key to lifelong learning
  • Hands on learning and experiences in Montessori Adolescent Programs as valuing the contributions of young people to a peaceful and sustainable society 

http://www.schoolsforum2010.edu.au

Early Childhood Development Strategy

Both MAF and MCF strongly support the Early Childhood Development Strategy and, especially as a consequence of our work in remote Indigenous communities, we are convinced that parent support and education are a vital part of supporting improved developmental outcomes for vulnerable children.

Specific recommendation were made in regard to:  

  • Strengthening universal maternal, child and family health services
  • Engaging parents and community in understanding the importance of early childhood
  • Improving early childhood infrastructure
  • Financial Health Assessment Framework Review (FHAF) Submission to DEEWRs

Submitted: 4 December 2009

Regulation Impact Statement for Early Childhood Education and Care Quality Reforms 

Issues of concern to the Montessori Sector, explored in more detail in the body of the submission, are summarised below.

  • Accreditation and regulation
    How accreditation and regulation will be implemented and by whom for diverse services which require assessors to have expert knowledge both of the regulations and of the nature of the methodology and contexts of particular services.
  • 1:3 ratio for children to 24 months
    Implementation should be achieved earlier than 2020
  • A clearer focus on children from birth to age three
    There is a need for a much stronger focus in the RIS on this most critical period of children’s development
  • Equity in diverse communities
    The need for financial investment, and investment in capacity building, especially in remote Indigenous communities, to ensure equity of access high quality services.
  • Staff qualifications
    Will staff with a Certificate lll qualification be accorded “qualified status” in relation to the prescribed child-to-staff ratios?
    Achievability within stated timelines of requirements to employ early childhood trained teacher.
    Further clarification of the ways in which RPL will work in relation to those teachers with Montessori diplomas but without and early childhood degree; and to those currently employed as Montessori assistants with Montessori assistant training.
  • Rating a service as excellent
    Might some services be precluded from obtaining a rating of “Excellence” because of size or location resulting in diminished access to resourcing or partnerships?
    Appropriate arrangements for the assessment of Montessori early childhood education and care services.
  • 3 year groupings
    The new regulations must accommodate the 3 year age cohorts in Montessori services; clarification needed in relation to child-to-staff ratios, group sizes and funding.
  • 15 hour universal access
    Clarification of the issue of the 15 hour program being able to be embedded in the 3-6 program in Montessori centres in ways which do not disrupt the usual functioning of Montessori programs.
  • Costs and funding
    The conclusions of the cost-benefit analysis are questioned, and concerns exist that families will ultimately bear any additional costs, risking the withdrawal of some children from early childhood services, and risking the viability of some centres.

It is imperative that the access of all families to CCB, including those who access services which do not meet the criterion of opening 48 weeks per year, is addressed if the National Quality Agenda is to incorporate current licensing and accreditation systems, and all families are to be supported in their right to choose services for their children. 

Submitted: 31 August 2009 

Schools Assistance Act Regulations

The Montessori sector supports the intention of the Act to foster transparency in reporting to parents so that they have “useful information about how their child and their school are performing… to assist them in making the right choice of school” (Clause 16). We support the provision of plain language student reports to parents. However, we do not support the requirement that such reports employ an A to E or equivalent scale. Nor do we support reporting that shows a student’s achievement relative to the performance of his/her peer group. We argue that our current methods of reporting both provide to parents “useful information about how their child and their school are performing”, and provide it in ways which are consistent with the Montessori philosophy that the parents of our students have consciously chosen for their children’s education.

Submitted: 22 May 2009

Victorian Children’s Services Regulations 2009

The Montessori Sector supports the directions of the Draft regulations, and is grateful for the opportunity to comment on issues of concern to our staff and parents. In particular, we seek the following: 

Consideration of official recognition of the equivalence of a Montessori Diploma to the two-year Diploma in Children’s Services which can be articulated to an early childhood education degree, and /or an arrangement based on recognition of prior learning which takes on-the-job learning into account; and we seek a meeting in the near future with DEECD officials to pursue these matters.

  • Consideration of recognition of the equivalence between Montessori Assistants Training and the Certificate III in Children’s Services and/or consideration of special dispensation for Montessori Assistants Training to be recognised as constituting appropriate entry level qualifications for working in Montessori settings only. These are matters we would also like to pursue in the abovementioned meeting we seek with DEECD official.
  • The opportunity to provide an orientation to DEECD officers and ministerial advisers regarding the operation of Montessori early childhood education and care services to provide a clear context for considerations of recognition of Montessori training. 
  • Special dispensation in regard to the occasional entry of children to the Montessori three to six program before their third birthdays without the requirement to meet the proposed adult-child ratio of 1:4 for children under three. 
  • Further discussion with DEECD officers with a view to resolving anomalies in relation to both the “double” qualifications requirement and funding arrangements for children whose parents wish them to complete the full 3 to 6 cycle in Montessori services.

Submitted: 23 March 2009

National Curriculum Feedback

Submitted: 24 February 2009

NSW Children’s Services Regulations Review

The Montessori sector supports the opportunity provided by the review to reduce the complexity of the regulatory framework for the delivery of children’s services while improving quality and outcomes, and asks for particular consideration of the following issues:

  • The relaxation of group sizes and total child numbers in early childhood services.
  • Recognition of Montessori qualifications.
  • Recognition of the distinct role of the assistant in Montessori services, and the validity of our approach to ensuring assistants work to appropriate professional standards.
  • MAF seeks inclusion on the Industry Reference Group.

 Submitted: 11 December 2008

Early Years Learning Framework

  • We are confident that the Framework will provide sufficient scope and direction for the Montessori approach to learning in the early years to maintain its integrity, and that the Framework makes an important contribution to highlighting key elements of quality learning for all early childhood education and care service
  • We would argue strongly for the use of simpler and more accessible language, and for each section to be very clearly focused and sequenced to make meanings as clear as poss
  • We would also urge that the section on Values and Guiding Principles be clarified, that its language be simplified and that clearer linkages are made between principle and practice.
  • Most importantly, we would urge that a greater focus be given to children’s drive for self-direction and self-development, and the implications of this for creating learning environments and employing pedagogies which respects and respond to the demonstrated needs and interests of individual children.

Submitted: 10 December 2008

Schools Assistance Bill Administrative Guidelines

  • Recognition of Montessori National Curriculum
  • Requested exemption from comparative reporting. The following clause was included in the Administrative Guidelines following our submission “Individual parents may wish to withdraw their child from comparative reporting or assessment conditions that they feel are inappropriate for their child. This is a matter for consideration by individual parents and must be requested in writing to the school.”
  • The Montessori sector is seeking representation on the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority given the unique nature of the Montessori educational philosophy and practice.

Submitted: 28 November 2008

ECEC National Quality Framework

The Montessori sectors seeks:  

  • Recognition that the Montessori curriculum exemplifies an effective pathway for realisation of the objectives set out in the National Quality Framework for ECEC discussion paper.
  • Recognition that the Montessori pedagogy, materials and classroom management together provide a well-established and well-integrated working illustration of a differentiated play-based curriculum, incorporating content and activities appropriately based on child development.
  • Ways to ensure that Montessori training can be articulated with existing training pathways for early childhood teachers to meet National Quality Framework standards.
  • Support for and protection of the mixed-age groups (3-6) with which Montessori programs work.
  • Delivery of the government guarantee for four year olds in the context of the Montessori mixed-age group (3-6) program.
  • Partnerships in early childhood education and care for children with special needs.
  • Partnerships in Indigenous early childhood education and care.

 Submitted: 19 September 2008

 

Media Releases

Latest Media Releases:

3 June 2022: Thinking Different Conference

4 April 2022: Digital-age curriculum to improve school kids’ financial literacy

Media Enquiries:

Anusha Shrestha anusha@montessori.org.au 

Publications

Publications from Montessori Australia, AMI and Affiliates

Click on the links to view other publications from Montessori Australia and other Montessori organisations. Montessori Australia members are able to download PDF copies of the publications (ensure you are logged in under your member account). Click here to become a member.

Current Publications

Montessori Australia produces an eArticle four times a year. The eArticle comes as a PDF file featuring an article by a prominent Montessorian.

Member schools and individuals receive an electronic bulletin (eBulletin) each quarter. The eBulletin comes as a PDF file featuring news and updates from Montessori in Australia and around the world. The eBulletin also includes a job bulletin listing the current positions available at Montessori schools.

Montessori Insights is an annual magazine, especially for Montessori parents. It aims to provide interesting, thought-provoking, and relevant articles about Montessori education and philosophy.

Publications Archive

The Annual Report showcases the diverse work of Montessori Australia to support the growing Australian Montessori community. The Annual Report offers clear communication of Montessori Australia’s vision, activity and future priorities to all stakeholders, including schools and centres, government and industry.

Each quarter Montessori Australia produces a newsletter designed especially for Montessori school board members who have responsibility for the governance of Montessori independent schools in Australia. The Montessori Board Bulletin comes as a PDF file featuring news and updates.

Montessori Australia members have access to a large selection of Montessori articles that can be used as professional resources and parent education tools.

The Alcove was the newsletter of the Australian AMI Alumni Association (the predecessor organisation of the Montessori Australia Foundation). It was published from 1998 to 2006. A complete archive is available to MAF subscribers.

Publications International

AMI produces a newsletter which is published throughout the year and features Montessori news and articles from around the world.

The AMI Journal includes articles by Dr Montessori as well as scholarly papers on Montessori and related topics. This website includes a searchable index of all articles contain in the AMI Journal. To purchase copies of an article or journal please contact publications@montessori-ami.org.

AMI releases treasure articles from its archives in between the main issues of the AMI Journal.

The Montessori Society AMI UK produces a magazine called Direction. It features news, readers’ letters, interviews, book reviews, essays and articles.

The Montessori Society of Canada produces a magazine twice a year featuring Montessori news and articles.

Magazine of the AMI Affiliated Society in China.

Our Team

Executive Team and Board Members

Join Us

Welcome to Montessori Australia

Empowering Montessori Education Across the Nation

Join the National Peak Body for Montessori and unlock a world of possibilities for your school, center, or organisation. At Montessori Australia, we are dedicated to advancing the Montessori approach and supporting its practitioners. Here’s how we can supercharge your Montessori journey:

Inspiring Advocacy and Leadership

As the voice of Montessori in Australia, we passionately advocate for the Montessori method as an evidence-based educational approach. We champion your cause, engaging with government and education authorities to ensure Montessori receives the recognition it deserves.

Quality Assurance and Accreditation

Our commitment to excellence drives us to promote authentic, high-quality Montessori education. Our Montessori Quality: Authentic Practice (MQ:AP) Program and the prestigious Montessori Registered™ symbol identify programs that adhere to a national set of Montessori standards. With us, you can proudly showcase your commitment to delivering the best Montessori education.

Unlock the Montessori National Curriculum

Gain exclusive access to the Montessori National Curriculum, the only published Montessori curriculum in the world. Developed by experts in the field and approved by ACARA, this comprehensive resource empowers educators with a roadmap to guide Montessori learning experiences.

Thriving Community and Collaboration

Join a vibrant network of Montessori schools and centers across the country. Our platform fosters collaboration, enabling you to connect with like-minded professionals, exchange ideas, and share best practices. Together, we cultivate a thriving Montessori community.

Professional Development and Engaging Events

Expand your knowledge and skills through specialised Montessori events, workshops, forums, and conferences. We curate immersive learning experiences, designed to nurture growth, spark innovation, and build powerful connections within the Montessori community.

Expert Resources and Personalised Support

Access a wealth of expert resources, including articles, bulletins, magazines, and our comprehensive Montessori Australia website. Count on us for exceptional customer service, providing timely and personalised information to support your Montessori endeavors.

Unleash Your Potential with Montessori Australia

Discover a world of possibilities for your Montessori school, center, or organisation. Join Montessori Australia today and tap into our collective knowledge, experience, and passion for Montessori education. Together, we can shape the future of education and empower generations to come.

Membership (Provider)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: PROVIDER MEMBERSHIP

Montessori Schools, Centres and Programmes member benefits include: 

PROFILE

  • A promoted profile on the number one Montessori website in the country. Members are highlighted in the Directory of schools and centres, with a dedicated website page for higher-profile marketing opportunities – our site is No.1 on Google when searching for Montessori.

PROMOTIONS

  • Free Job advertisement listings on our website and Facebook page – our site is No.1 on Google for Montessori jobs!
  • Free Open Day listings on our website
  • Member logo to add to your website and marketing material
  • Member poster to display

PUBLICATIONS 

DISCOUNTS 

CURRICULUM SUPPORT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES

Memberships are for a 12 month period

MEMBERSHIP FEES

Montessori Schools $700 

Montessori Centres $700 

Additional Centres (owned by the same provider) $100

Montessori in Public Schools $700

Montessori Start-ups $500 (discount for those starting a new school/centre or converting a school/centre) – please email us via info@montessori.org.au for an invoice

Home-based care and schooling (10 children or less) $100 – please email us via info@montessori.org.au for an invoice

Pricing excluding GST.

Use the Add to Cart buttons to join now and pay online

Invoice requests to info@montessori.org.au

Membership (International)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: INTERNATIONAL PROVIDER MEMBERSHIP

Montessori International Schools and Centres member benefits: 

PROMOTIONS

PUBLICATIONS 

  • A subscription to our annual Montessori Insights eMagazine
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eArticle
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eBulletin
  • Member-only access to the back library of all publications
  • All publications may be shared to your staff and parents

DISCOUNTS 

CURRICULUM SUPPORT & ADDITIONAL SERVICES

  • License for the Montessori National Curriculum*
  • Montessori Early Years Learning Programme e-poster
  • Montessori Early Childhood Education and Care Program Handbook
  • Montessori Australia membership e-poster and logo

* Continued membership required for continued use

JOIN ONLINE AND PAY BY CREDIT CARD USING THE ADD TO CART BUTTON

(Note: if there are any issues with the online payment, please select Australia as your country).

Membership (Individual)

MONTESSORI AUSTRALIA: INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIP

Montessori Educators, Parents and Friends member benefits:

PUBLICATIONS 

  • A subscription to our annual Montessori Insights eMagazine
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eArticle
  • A subscription to our quarterly Montessori eBulletin
  • Member-only access to the back library of all publications

DISCOUNTS

To join, click on the Add to cart button on the right and pay online.

Membership (Associate Organization)

We invite organisations to join us with Associate Organisation membership.

Associate Organisation membership is available to an organisation that:

  • Fundamentally agrees with the Montessori approach to education and care in a variety of contexts within the general community.
  • Is prepared to agree to an equitable exchange of services with Montessori Australia. 

We provide businesses with a range of bespoke partnership opportunites to suit the individual needs and goals of your organisation.

Benefits include:

  • public acknowledgement and edification of the associate organisation member
  • marketing, services and event sponsorship opportunities
  • share a link to the associate member’s website on the Montessori Australia website

Contact admin@montessori.org.au to arrange a discussion.

Support Services

Montessori Australia (MA) is the peak national body for Montessori in Australia, providing support services to Montessori schools, early childhood centres, teachers and parents as well as to adult care organisations, caregivers and families. MA maintains communication with Montessori programmes across Australia and acts as a clearinghouse for Montessori information and communication. 

Schools, Early Childhood Centres, Home Schooling Groups & Adult Care Organisations

Membership

Montessori Australia offers membership to Montessori schools and centres, including home educators and adult care providers. Montessori Australia provides publications, discounted Montessori materials, communications, promotional services and professional development opportunities. These services are undergoing a review in consultation with the Montessori community to improve service delivery ensuring that we support the varied needs of our diverse community.  For membership enquiries, please contact info@montessori.org.au.

Consultancy

Montessori Australia offers consulting services to Montessori schools and centres on a wide variety of topics and issues. Our consulting services offer supportive advice using a mentoring model to encourage best practice and improve the delivery of the Montessori programme. 

Services for the General Public

Membership

Montessori staff and parents of member schools/centres benefit from their membership to Montessori Australia, including publications and discounts on events and shop products.

Individuals or Montessori teachers not currently with member schools/centres may join as Individual Members to receive similar benefits. 

Media

As the peak national body for Montessori in Australia, Montessori Australia takes a proactive role in promoting the Montessori approach across media platforms.  We also work with our Montessori schools, teachers and parents to help support their engagement with the media. 

For media enquiries, please contact Anusha Shrestha at anusha@montessori.org.au.

Government 

Montessori Australia acts as the government liaison representing Montessori on both a state and federal level. Visit our Government Liaison and Government Submissions sections on this website to learn more about our work. 

For Government enquiries, please contact hani@montessori.org.au

Learning from Home Resources

Resources for Parents

The Stamp Game – learn how to make and present the Stamp Game, a Montessori maths material for children to independently practice the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 

AMI Digital – free digital resources to schools, educators and families, starting with language materails for 3-6 year olds.

Online Montessori courses – learn more about Montessori

Montessori Short Videos – Rising Tide Montessori provides a free library of short videos about Montessori theory and practice

Build your own Montessori maths materials – download instructions for making the Addition Strip Board, Bead Frame, Checkerboard, Snake Game and Strip Board.

Montessori as an Aid to Life – supporting children aged 0-3 years in the home environment

Parenting Blog – see our blog postings for practical advice on Montessori parenting

The Montessori Notebook – Montessori at home for babies and toddlers

Montessori at Home – encouraging Montessori principles of order, independence, and self-motivation in the home 

How We Montessori – Montessori in the home environment (24-36-month-olds) 

Learning from Home Handbook for Parents

Montessori inspired indoor activities

Montessori inspired activities for toddlers

Continuing the Learning at Home – inspiration for activities at home (early childhood)

How to create an at-home Montessori for your children

Family Music For Mixed Ages – early childhood music programme

The Math Institute (Great Work Inc) & YouTube Channel – Montessori adolescent maths support

ABC Me – ABC ME is a place for school-aged children to find all the best shows from Australia and around the world. 

100 Ideas for Montessori Early Childhood Students at Home (courtesy of St. Joseph Montessori School faculty and the American Montessori Society)

100 Ideas for Montessori Primary Students at Home (courtesy of teacher Michelle Jacob and the American Montessori Society).

49 Montessori Inspired Indoor Activities

Resources for Children

Google Arts and Culture – explore collections from around the world with Google Arts and Culture, created by Google Cultural Institute. 

ABC Kids – watch shows, play games, share stories, sing, make science experiments, and much more.

Khan Academy – free online courses, lessions and schedules

Outdoor Classroom – video series of outdoor learning experiences with environmental educators including Stories with Snails, Snacks with Snakes, and a virtual Walk in the Woods.

Taronga TV – YouTube videos from Taronga Zoo, Sydney

Museum of the World – Interactive tour through the artifacts of the British Museum

Resource for Educators

The Stamp Game – a Montessori maths material for children to independently practice the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 

AMI Digital – free digital resources to schools, educators and families, starting with language materails for 3-6 year olds.

Learning from Home Handbook (template) – template for schools/centres to download and customise for their parents

Learning from Home Handbook (Montessori School of Tokyo) & Learning from Home Handbook (Omni Montessori School) – samples from schools

What Works in Online Distance Teaching & Learning – AITSL Spotlight identifies best practice evidence to guide teachers on setting up online learning and advice teachers can give to parents

The Math Institute (Great Work Inc) & YouTube Channel – Montessori adolescent maths support

ABC Education & ABC Kids Early Education – education resources for schools, teachers and students

Teach from Home – Google resource hub of information and tools to help teachers

Distance learning solutions – UNESCO list of educational applications, platforms and resources below aim to help parents, teachers, schools and school administrators facilitate student learning and provide social care and interaction during periods of school closure. 

Scootle – a national repository that provides Australian schools with more than 20,000 digital resources aligned to the Australian Curriculum.

Montessori Mondays – a free Zoom webinar session from MINT (Montessori Institute of North Texas). It looks at how educators can offer help to parents at a distance. The Zoom meetings are recorded and posted with any resources on their website so you can listen at any time.

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia 

Current Research Opportunities

Montessori Australia supports the following research opportunities. Contact Alex Ioannou on alex@montessori.org.au for enquiries.

Responsive and inclusive education in diverse schools (VIC primary or secondary teachers)

Monash University is delighted to invite Victorian primary or secondary teachers to participate in a ground-breaking survey about responsive and inclusive education in diverse schools. As a teacher who is committed to creating an inclusive and welcoming learning environment, your valuable insights and experiences are critical to our research.

The survey aims to identify what you value and can do in order to create an inclusive learning environment that promotes equity and social justice. The results of this survey will help inform educational policies, teacher professional education, and practices that support diverse students and promote their academic success and well-being.

The survey is available here: https://monash.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_7VQq2851qaMik2W

Your participation in this survey is completely voluntary and all responses will be kept confidential. The survey will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Your responses will be invaluable in advancing our understanding of responsive and inclusive education.

Learn More

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specializing in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia

Aid to Life

You want to do the best for your child but no one ever trained you to be a parent. Sometimes the information you find in books, magazines, parent groups and websites is conflicting and overwhelming. It is difficult to know which route to take to help your child.

Aid to Life offers clear, simple, straightforward advice that is easy to understand and most importantly easy to apply for children from birth to three years of age.

The Aid to Life Initiative is founded on the idea that children develop optimally when they are brought up in an environment that supports their natural development, with an adult who understands how to connect them to positive activity and then allows them enough time to grow and develop according to their own pace and rhythm.

Vist the website Aid to Life.

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia (MECTA)

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MECTA

RTO 32075 · Australian Based

Montessori & Early Childhood Training Australia

A specialist training college shaping the future of early childhood education — with authentic, accredited courses that blend theory with hands-on learning.

Member of Montessori Australia

Australian
Based

2
Accredited Courses

0–6
Years Specialisation

Short Courses &
Professional Development
Also available

About MECTA

MECTA is a specialist training college dedicated to early childhood education, offering a unique classroom-based learning experience backed by fully qualified, experienced trainers.

Located in Forest Lake, Queensland, MECTA operates from a purpose-built, stand-alone training facility complete with a fully equipped classroom and a dedicated student lounge for independent study.

Trainers are hand-picked for their ability to support all learning styles — ensuring every student can progress and thrive in their own way, in small group environments.

Early childhood educator at MECTA

Nationally Accredited Courses

A thoughtful balance of theory and practice in small group environments — recognised nationally across Australia.


Certificate III in Montessori Early Childhood Education

Nationally Accredited
Montessori

Certificate III in Montessori Early Childhood Education

11024NAT

A foundational Montessori course covering theory and practice for children aged 0–6 years.

$4,500
Learn More

Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education

Nationally Accredited
Montessori

Diploma of Montessori Early Childhood Education

11206NAT

Comprehensive study of theory and practical skills to deliver an authentic Montessori program for children aged 0–6 years, equipping graduates for all early childhood settings.

$9,900
Learn More

Self-Paced Short Courses

Flexible learning. Anytime. Anywhere. Perfect for educators looking to deepen Montessori knowledge at their own pace.

Introduction to the Prepared Environment
3 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Montessori Philosophy
3 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Planes of Development
2 hours · $49.95

Introduction to the Role of the Montessori Guide
3 hours · $25.00

Ready to get started?

Contact MECTA directly to discuss courses, enrolment, and how they can support your career in early childhood education.

Montessori Adult & Aging Support Services

Montessori Adult & Aging Support Services

The Montessori approach for Dementia, Ageing & Adult Care provides enriched environments for older people receiving care services. It promotes independence, self-esteem, choice and meaningful activity through the recognition of individual strengths, needs, interests and the establishment of expertly prepared environments.

Proven outcomes of Montessori environments are reduction in Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD), reduction in the use of psychotropic medication, improved resident, family and staff satisfaction, and prevention of excess disability.

Montessori Consulting

Montessori Consulting is a Montessori for Dementia & Ageing consulting and training provider that offer a range of face-to-face and online training, as well as custom consulting services depending on the requirements and goals of the organisation. Anne Kelly combines the Montessori philosophy with over 35 years of experience in the industry to fundamentally change the way we provide support and care to others. 

Contact Montessori Consulting to discuss how to enable people to live meaningful and engaged lives with dignity.

W: https://montessoriconsulting.com.au

M: 0418 526 808

E: info@montessoriconsulting.com.au

Montessori Educators

Montessori Education

In Montessori classrooms around the globe, the traditional role of a “teacher” is reimagined. The position is held by a trained educator, professionally referred to as a Montessori Director, Directress, or Guide — a title that is wholly intentional.

This title signifies one who directs the child’s natural energy toward constructive work, rather than one who imposes a rigid curriculum from above. It is a distinction that reflects the very philosophy at the heart of Montessori education: the child leads; the educator follows, guides, and prepares.

Qualifications & Preparation

A Specialised and Rigorous Training

Montessori educators typically hold a standard teaching qualification, but their expertise is defined by an additional, specialised Montessori teacher education diploma. This rigorous Montessori training focuses on three core pillars:

🧠

Developmental Psychology

Understanding foundational theory such as the “sensitive periods” of childhood and how children naturally absorb their environment.

📚

Pedagogical Mastery

Learning the precise mechanics and sequence of hundreds of unique Montessori materials — each with a specific purpose and presentation.

🪞

Self-Reflective Practice

Cultivating the personal temperament required to lead with peace and objectivity — the inner work that underpins authentic Montessori teaching.

The Educator as Scientific Observer

Watching, Recording, and Responding

The Montessori Director is, foremost, a scientific observer. Their task is to unobtrusively yet carefully monitor each child’s development, recognising and interpreting their unique needs. By maintaining a detailed record of a child’s choices and social interactions, the Director can determine the exact moment a child is ready for a new challenge.

This observational discipline is not passive; it is a sophisticated professional skill that ensures every child’s learning journey is individually tailored, never rushed, and never held back.

Dr Maria Montessori

“The teacher’s first duty is to watch over the environment, and this takes precedence over all the rest. Its influence is indirect, but unless it be well done there will be no effective and permanent results of any kind, physical, intellectual or spiritual.”

The Link to the Prepared Environment

Bridging Child, Environment, and Family

The Directress provides the vital link between the child and the Prepared Environment. They introduce the child to each piece of equipment at precisely the right moment — doing so in a way that is precise, clear, and enticing. This presentation is a professional art form: minimising words so the child can focus entirely on the logic of the material.

On a broader professional level, the educator serves as the essential link between the classroom and the parent. Through regular meetings and progress discussions, the Director helps parents understand how to support their child’s burgeoning independence at home — extending the Montessori experience beyond the classroom walls.

📋

Child ↔ Environment

Introducing each material at the precise moment of readiness, with a presentation that is clear, minimal, and purposeful.

🏠

Classroom ↔ Family

Regular parent meetings and progress discussions help families support their child’s independence and growth at home.

The Montessori Assistant

Supporting the Environment

The Directress is supported by a Montessori Assistant, whose role is foundational to the classroom’s success. The Assistant ensures the environment functions smoothly, allowing the Director to give each child the focused, uninterrupted attention they deserve.

🧹

Environmental Stewardship

Assisting with the daily preparation and maintenance of the materials to ensure they remain complete, orderly, and inviting for every child.

🤝

Group Facilitation

Managing the collective needs of the classroom so the Director can provide uninterrupted individual lessons to each child in their care.

🕊

Grace and Courtesy

Modelling the social norms of the community, ensuring the classroom atmosphere remains one of mutual respect, calm, and warmth.

Professional Attributes

Calm. Consistent. Courteous. Caring.

To be a successful Montessorian, one must embody specific professional standards — serving as an example to every child in the community. While the work requires significant technical skill, the most important attribute remains the profound love and respect held for each child’s total being.

Calm
Consistent
Courteous
Caring
Scientific Observer
Peaceful Leader

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori teacher training Australia, Montessori schools, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Employment Services

Job Openings

Montessori Australia provides the Job Openings section as a service to Montessori schools, centres and job seekers. Jobs are listed on the Montessori Australia website, and on the Montessori Australia Facebook page for a 3mth duration. The service is free to member schools/centres, or for a fee for non-members.

My Toddler

12 months to 2 years


This period in your child’s development heralds a major change in your lived experience as a parent. Your child is beginning to use language to communicate with you and their ability to move, anywhere, is changing by the day. Your child’s movement and language acquisition patterns will complement one another. Whilst your child is busy developing their language skills, their development of new ‘moves’ will plateau. Then once they have made the language acquisition they were working on, their movement will take off again.

Communication

  • 1 word by 1-year-old is the general rule of thumb with children’s language development.
  • You are your child’s greatest resource when it comes to language and communication. Your child will watch your mouth avidly when you speak, they are taking in the way in which your lips move in order to form the words. If you are trying to show your child something by demonstrating with your hands, be sure not to speak as they will watch your mouth instead!
  • Naming things in your child’s environment will provide them with a rich source of language.
  • Your baby will enjoy spending time reading books, with you and on their own. Books with 1 or 2 words to a page and simple stories will be most engaging.

Movement


Some children learn to walk before their first birthday and others take until 16 months or longer. Your baby will reach each milestone in their own time. The developmental continuum looks like this.

  • New walkers benefit from going barefoot. It provides them with greater sensory feedback and makes it easier to learn how to walk.
  • New walkers tend to fall over. Your child will need a environment which is safe to learn and practice walking in.
  • Young children love learning how to walk up and down stairs, climb hills and run. Safe outdoor spaces will help with this
  • Games such as ‘Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes’ will help your child develop body awareness.
  • Even if you provide a safe place for your child to practice refining their walking skills, they will probably still fall over. Learning how to fall without injury is a skill and your child will need practice to learn how to catch themselves.

Love and connection

  • Young children need secure and loving relationships, which enable them to moderate their stress levels. These significant relationships can include the mother and father, other family members and also caregivers such as childcare workers. When your child feels loved, this feeds their healthy brain development.
  • Feeling loved and accepted supports your child’s emotional and social growth and development.
  • Young children receive their information about how to behave in social situations by watching the adults in their lives. You are their role model.
  • This is a great time to begin teaching your child about emotions. The simplest way to do this is to connect with your child when they are emotional by acknowledging their feelings verbally and non-verbally (hugs)  e.g. ‘You’re feeling sad, aren’t you?’ This lets your child know that you have understood and it names the feeling for them. It is important to your child that their feelings are acknowledged and that you are there to provide comfort.
  • It can also be helpful to let them know that although they are feeling sad now, later on they will feel better. This is the beginning of lessons around differentiating between their feelings and their sense of self, or ‘I feel’ and ‘I am’.

Discipline

  • The word ‘discipline’ really means ‘to teach’, rather than ‘to punish’. When we think about disciplining a young child, we can think about using challenging behaviours and times of conflict as opportunities to help our child to learn and build new skills.
  • Very young children have limited capacity for self-discipline. They need support from us to learn what is appropriate and how to regulate their behaviour.
  • When ‘correcting’ your toddler’s behaviour try to connect first and then redirect them. For example, if your child bites another child, you could connect with them first, ‘You’re frustrated aren’t you?” Then once your child has more control and is able to listen, you could provide the key message you wish to convey and set the boundary, ‘Biting hurts, Be gentle.’ Then you can redirect by moving them on to something else, ‘Let’s go and look at the fish in the pond.’

2 to 3 Years


Your child’s third year is a time of critical brain development. Their continued exploration of and experience in the world enables them to build a strong sense of their own capacities. For the majority of children the major movement milestones have been achieved and they have begun to use language to communicate. Though your child will continue to refine their abilities in both of these areas, now is the time to focus upon their growing ability to do more for themselves.
Communication

  • You are your child’s greatest resource when it comes to language and communication. Your child will absorb your version of language, which makes you a role model! If you say, ‘Please’ and ‘Thank you’, your child will absorb this and copy.
  • Naming things in your child’s environment will provide them with a rich source of language.
  • Reading to your child regularly will enable them to build a love of books and stories. Your child will develop some favourites which you will probably come to know by heart! You can discuss what is happening in the story as it unfolds. This helps your child build comprehension skills.
  • 3 word sentences by age 3 is considered normal language development.
  • Your child might start to show interest in using pencils to draw and write familiar letters or ‘sounds’. Writing requires significant fine motor control. Having opportunities to refine their fine and gross motor movements will support your child’s ability to control a pencil

Movement

  • Even though your child is walking, they will still need lots of opportunity to refine this skill and build up strength.
  • Your child will enjoy running, jumping, hopping, climbing, pushing, pulling, balancing and carrying.
  • The brains of young children are designed to enable them to learn how to perform tasks simply by watching others. Your child will be particularly interested in imitating the activities they regularly see you involved in around the home.
  • There is a strong connection between movement and learning. Young children are not made to sit in a chair for long periods of time. Movement supports their developing brain.
  • Current research suggests that children under 3 years old should have screen time limited to 1 hour per day.

Emotional and Social Development

  • Getting enough sleep is important for your child’s healthy brain development. Some children will have stopped sleeping during the day at this point and others will not. Planning a quiet time during the day will support your child to process all the experiences they have had during the day and to wind down.
  • Your child will be ready for social experiences with children they own age. This will give them the opportunity to practice their social skills.
  • This is a great time to begin teaching your child about emotions. The simplest way to do this is to connect with your child when they are emotional by acknowledging their feelings verbally and non-verbally (hugs)  e.g. ‘You’re feeling sad, aren’t you?’ This lets your child know that you have understood and it names the feeling for them. It is important to your child that their feelings are acknowledged and that you are there to provide comfort.
  • Children at this stage of development benefit from being encouraged to tell the story about what is upsetting them. This helps them to make sense of their experience and feel more in control. Begin by acknowledging the feeling first, ‘You look so sad. That really hurt, didn’t it?’ Then depending upon your child’s language ability, you may need to tell the story initially and encourage them to join in / take over. You could dramatise it, adding humour when appropriate. Your child might need to go over their story a number of times. This can be frustrating from an adult perspective, but storytelling produces understanding, healing and integration
  • It can also be helpful to let them know that although they are feeling sad now, later on they will feel better. This is the beginning of lessons around differentiating between their feelings and their sense of self, or ‘I feel’ and ‘I am’.

Discipline

  • Very young children have limited capacity for self-discipline. They need support from us to learn what is appropriate and how to regulate their behaviour.
  • When ‘correcting’ your toddler’s behaviour try to connect first and then redirect them. For example, if your child bites another child, you could connect with them first, ‘You’re frustrated aren’t you?” Then once your child has more control and is able to listen, you could provide the key message you wish to convey and set the boundary, ‘Biting hurts, Be gentle.’ Then you can redirect by moving them on to something else, ‘Let’s go and look at the fish in the pond.’

Evidence-based Education

The Montessori program is not only a unique philosophy offering parents an alternative to the traditional schooling system. The Montessori Method has been demonstrated to improve education outcomes for children in multiple different settings and variables.

Australian

The introduction of Montessori teaching and learning practices in an early childhood classroom in a remote Indigenous school

Holmes, C. (2016) Master by Dissertation, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle. 

Montessori education in the Ngaanyatjarra Lands

Holmes, C. (2018) Journal of Montessori Research, 4(2), 33-60. 

The Montessori method, Aboriginal students and Linnaean zoology taxonomy teaching: three-staged lesson

Rioux J, Ewing B, & Cooper TJ. (2019). The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education. 1–11. 

Convergence and Divergence of Ethnomathematics (D’Ambrosio) and Mathematics (Montessori): An Ethnomathematics Program

Rioux, J. (2021). E-article. Montessori Australia. Issue 4 November. 

Montessori Educators and the Australian Early Years Learning Framework in Montessori Early Childhood Environments in Western Australia: A qualitative study

Stevens, R. (2020).  (Master by Research, University of Western Australia) 

International

An Intervention Study: Removing Supplemented Materials from Montessori Classrooms Associated with Better Child Outcomes

Montessori classrooms vary a good deal in implementation, and one way in which implementation differs is the provision of materials.  Specifically, some classrooms use only Montessori materials, whereas others supplement the Montessori materials with commercially available materials like puzzles and games.  A prior study suggested this might be a reason for observed differences across studies and classrooms (Author, 2012) but an intervention study is the best test.  The present study presents such an intervention with 52 children in 3 Montessori classrooms with Supplementary materials. All children were given 6 pretests, and non-Montessori materials were removed from 2 of the classrooms.  Four months later, children were retested to see how much they changed across that period.  Children in the classrooms from which the non-Montessori materials were removed advanced significantly more in early reading and executive function, and to some degree advanced more in early math.  There were no differences across the classroom types in amount of change on the tests of vocabulary, social knowledge, or social skills.

Lillard, A. S., & Heise, M. J. (2016). An Intervention Study: Removing Supplemented Materials from Montessori Classrooms Associated with Better Child Outcomes. Journal of Montessori Research, 2(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.17161/jomr.v2i1.5678

Montessori preschool elevates and equalizes child outcomes – Angeline S. Lillard, Megan J. Heise, Eve M. Richey, Xin Tong, Alyssa Hart and Paige M. Bray (Frontiers in Psychology, 2017)

A longitudinal study that took advantage of randomized lottery-based admission to two public Montessori magnet schools in a high-poverty American city. The final sample included 141 children, 70 in Montessori and 71 in other schools, most of whom were tested 4 times over 3 years, from the first semester to the end of preschool (ages 3 to 6), on a variety of cognitive and socio-emotional measures.

Montessori preschool elevated children’s outcomes in several ways. Although not different at the first test point, over time the Montessori children fared better on measures of academic achievement, social understanding, and mastery orientation, and they also reported relatively more liking of scholastic tasks. They also scored higher on executive function when they were 4.

In addition to elevating overall performance on these measures, Montessori preschool also equalised outcomes among subgroups that typically have unequal outcomes. First, the difference in academic achievement between lower income Montessori and higher income conventionally schooled children was smaller at each time point, and was not (statistically speaking) significantly different at the end of the study. Second, defying the typical finding that executive function predicts academic achievement, in Montessori classrooms children with lower executive function scored as well on academic achievement as those with higher executive function. 

Lillard, A. & Else-Quest, N. (2006) – Evaluating Montessori Education (Science 313)

This study compared outcomes of 59 children at a Milwaukee, Wisconsin public inner city Montessori school with 53 children who attended traditional schools in the same area. The results indicated that Montessori education leads to children with better social and academic skills. It was published by Angeline Lillard and Nicole Else-Quest in the Sept. 29 2006 issues of the journal Science.

The following summary was reported in The Times (London) September 29, 2006 and is an extract from an article by Alexandra Frean.

  • Pupils who learn at their own pace in Montessori schools may have an advantage over those in traditional classrooms
  • By the age of five, children at Montessori schools are better at basic word recognition and mathematics and are more likely to play co-operatively with other children. By the age of 12, they are more creative and better able to resolve social problems
  • Academically, they end up in the same place or better as non-Montessori children, but they are much better at getting on in a community.
  • Among the five year olds, Montessori students not only performed significantly better in maths and English, but were also better able to see the world through others’ eyes and performed better on “executive function”, which is the ability to adapt to change and approaching complex problems.
  • By the age of twelve, the difference in academic scores between the two groups was less pronounced. The Montessori children, however, wrote more creative essays, selected more positive responses to social dilemmas and reported a more positive sense of community at their school.
    Science Vol 3131 29 September 2006
    http://www.montessori-science.org/science_journal_article.htm

Chisnall, N. & Maher, M. (2007) – Montessori Mathematics in Early Childhood Education

The research project examined mathematical concept development in children prior to school entry and indicated Montessori may have a positive impact on children’s numeracy knowledge. The key outcomes were:

  • Montessori students showed significantly higher achievement regarding backward number word sequence (a precursor to subtraction); early addition and subtraction; and place value concepts.
  • Indicators that the Montessori system may be offering more opportunities for children to develop higher order skills and concepts in early childhood.
  • Indicators that Montessori can favourably impact students in low socioeconomic status areas.
    Source: Curriculum Matters 3, 6-28.

Harris, E. M. (2004) – Evaluation of the reorganization of Northboro Elementary School in Palm Beach County, Florida: a ten year perspective

This was an 11 year case study of one school and the impact that Montessori brought. It examined an at risk elementary school from 1991 to 2002. The school population was 86% African American, 12% Hispanic, and 2% White or mixed race. (98% on lunch program). The community decided on the Montessori magnet program and utilised reading recovery and a parent involvement program. The key outcomes were:

  • Math scores went from a 28% to a 52% pass rate
  • Parent involvement tripled.
  • School community became more diverse. 
  • 91% of all six year olds were reading at or above grade level. 
    Source: Dissertation, Union Institute and University.

Dohrmann, K. (2003) – Outcomes for Students in a Montessori Program, A Longitudinal Study of the Experience in the Milwaukee Public Schools Montessori

This study supports the hypothesis that Montessori education has a positive long-term impact. Additionally, it provides an affirmative answer to questions about whether Montessori students will be successful in traditional schools. The key outcomes were:

  • An association between a Montessori education and superior performance on the Math and Science scales of the ACT and WKCE, for those attending from the approximate ages of three to eleven.

Vance, T. L. (2003) – An exploration of the relationship between preschool experience and the acquisition of phonological awareness in kindergarten Comparison of four ECE experiences

This study involved a comparison of four early childhood education programmes. Students attending the Montessori program outscored all others on all tests administered on development of literacy skills and phonological awareness. 
Source: Dissertation, George Mason University.

Rathunde, K. (2003) – A comparison of Montessori and traditional middle schools: Motivation, quality of experience, and social context

With the help of co-investigator Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Dr. Rathunde compared the experiences and perceptions of middle school students in Montessori and traditional schools using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). The key outcomes were:
Montessori students reported a significantly better quality of experience in their academic work than did traditional students.
Montessori students perceived their schools as a more positive community for learning, with more opportunities for active, rather than passive, learning.
Source: The NAMTA Journal 283 (Summer, 2003), pages 12-52

Reed, M. (2000) – A comparison of the place value understanding of Montessori and non-Montessori elementary school students Maths study

Montessori students consistently outperformed non-Montessori students on “tasks of a more conceptual nature, while performing the same or slightly better on counting and symbolic tasks”. 

Source: Electronic Thesis or Dissertation retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/

East Dallas Community School

East Dallas Community School offers accredited classroom programs for children ages twelve months through third grade in one of the most under-served communities in Dallas. 68% of students are Hispanic, 9% African American, 19% Anglo, and 4% other ethnicities.  67% of these families were living at or below poverty level and 49% were learning English as a second language. Programme outcomes are as listed:

  • In 2002, 78% of the school’s third graders applied to Dallas Independent School District’s gifted and talented program. All were accepted.
    100% of the public charter school students have passed the high stakes state reading competency tests.
  • According to a ten year study of standardised test scores (1993-2003), EDCS students’ average scores were in the top 36% nationwide in reading and math.
  • In a neighbourhood where the high school graduation rate is less than 50%, 94% of the third grade alumni have graduated from high school; 88% of those have gone on to college.
  •  In 2005, the school was ranked among the top 6% of charter school districts, and among the top 15% of all public school districts in the State of Texas.
  • In 2006 and 2007 the school received a Gold Performance acknowledgement from the state for our students’ accomplishments in reading.
    Source: http://www.edcschool.org/Our_Schools.html.

Alfred G. Zanetti School Springfield, Massachusetts Montessori

Until 1999, the school had low-test scores, high absenteeism and a student turnover rate of almost 50% a year. In 1999, the school converted to Montessori. Programme outcomes include:

  • Assessments all the way down to the youngest classrooms, exhibit a record of success.
  • Student turnover rate is now (2005) 5%. 
    Source: Public School Stakes Its Future on the Montessori Way, New York Times, 2nd February 2005.

Montessori and Gonski

Montessori And Gonski

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model.  

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. 

We offer the following key message as a contribution to this vital discussion. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive changes so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity and can instead become known as the world’s leader in education innovation.

Montessori Gonski Key Messages

PDF icon Download Montessori Gonski Key Messages

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model.  

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. 

We offer the following key message as a contribution to this vital discussion. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive changes so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity and can instead become known as the world’s leader in education innovation.

Transforming the industrial model

To better support teachers’ ability to differentiate learning and partner with students, other aspects of the current industrial-education model, such as, segregating students by grade, teaching subjects in isolation, and instruction and knowledge transfer, must also change.   

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Multi-age classrooms
  • Student-led rather than teacher-led learning

Developing self-regulated learning skills

Self-regulated learning is a key capacity for success in a knowledge economy. The current industrial-education model does not provide students with sufficient autonomy and time to effectively practice these skills.

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Individualised learning based on the student’s development level
  • Utilising the interests of the student to facilitate engagement
  • Preparation of learning environments to encourage opportunities for self-regulated engagement
  • Open-ended time to learn

Developing a systems worldview

Teaching subjects in isolation is based on a mechanistic worldview that leads students to view problems of economy, society, and environment as discrete and solvable through reductionistic methods. We are in the midst of the “complexity turn”, which necessitates a systems worldview, essential to creative and critical thinking.

Recommendation for education innovation:

  • Holistic curriculum with interdisciplinary learning 

The developmental continuum of education

Any true innovation in education requires a model that understands how the brain develops, not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers, and school leaders.

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Recognition that movement and cognition are linked, and that an education system needs to incorporate opportunities to regulate movement, thinking and emotions, and build executive functions
  • Education begins at birth and continues and builds throughout life

Testing is not the true test

Gonski 2.0 assumes declining OECD PISA and stagnating NAPLAN literacy and numeracy scores indicate the potential of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living. However, some researchers point to an inverse relationship between PISA scores and entrepreneurial capabilities—capabilities that are directly related to a country’s economic success. Focusing on test scores could actually prevent Australia from fostering the very capabilities we want to develop. 

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Reduced focus on comparative and academic testing
  • Preparation of the learning environment to allow for ongoing feedback and self-assessment 
  • Measures that focus on the engagement and well-being of students, teachers, school leaders, families and communities
  • Support at all levels so Australia can stay the course to be a world leader in education innovation

Montessori Gonski Position Paper

PDF icon Download Montessori Gonski Position Paper

MAKING AUSTRALIA THE WORLD LEADER IN EDUCATION INNOVATION 

Over the past 40 years, a new “knowledge economy,”characterised by a “greater dependence on knowledge, information and high skill levels” (p. 28),has arisen. However, as the Gonski 2.0 Report rightfully points out, Australia is still using an education model designed for the industrial age—an efficiency-based model that fails to differentiate learning and provide students with the “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking” capabilities necessary to succeed in this economy (p. ix).3

To remedy this and improve Australia’s PISA test scores and schools’ NAPLAN scores, Gonski 2.0 recommends that school systems and schools place the “learning growth of each student at the centre of their education model” (p. 5). The assumption is that a shift from specified learning outcomes based on age and grade to a focus on each student’s learning growth will transform the current education model to one that differentiates learning for each student, ensuring “all Australian students reach their full learning potential in each year of schooling” (p. 5). 

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent discussion to be had globally. Given the accelerating rate of change due to the proliferation of digital technologies and the creative destruction4of not only jobs but industries, teachers can no longer be constrained by a model designed for a past economy where change occurred more incrementally.5Gonski’s initiation of this discussion places Australia as a potential leader in what will inevitably be a worldwide education paradigm shift—a true innovation in education. Thus, Montessori Australia fully supports Gonski’s recommendation to prioritise learning growth rather than specified learning outcomes based on age and grade. We also support partnering with students in their learning, so they feel more ownership of it, as this fosters their lifelong love of learning.6

QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS FUNDAMENTAL TO INNOVATING EDUCATION

While we support the shift to learning growth, we also question whether this shift is significant enough to transform—truly innovate—Australia’s education model such that it provides students with the capabilities that the knowledge economy requires. We offer questions and comments we perceive as fundamental to the discussion of education innovation.

Do other aspects of the industrial model need to be changed?

If schools continue to be required to segregate students by grade, teach subjects in isolation, and emphasise teacher- rather than student-directed learning, then we will not “look back in a decade to a transformed education system” (p. 5), as key aspects of the model will have remained the same. In fact, it is unclear how teachers can truly differentiate learning while these key aspects are still in place. 

Any education model drives the behaviour of all the people within it: school leaders, teachers, and students. Segregating children by grades and dividing each day into subject blocks requires each classroom to be teacher-directed. But how do teacher-directed classrooms organically provide students with opportunities to practice “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking”? Subject blocks are short. And because teachers will need to ensure that each student gains “at least one year’s growth in learning […] every year” (p. xii), teachers will ultimately have to determine each student’s learning pace, which may adversely impact students’ sense of educational ownership and, hence, their lifelong love of learning. 

To better support teachers’ ability to differentiate learning and partner with students, other aspects of the current efficiency-based model must also be reconsidered.   

Will students develop self-regulated learning skills? 

Self-regulated learning is a key capacity for success in a knowledge economy that requires constant learning to innovate. Self-regulated learners are “masters of their own learning process” who are able to “transform their mental abilities into task-related skills in diverse areas of functioning, such as academia, sport, music, and health” (p. 13855).Thus, self-regulated learners can effectively learn within any domain. If the education model, however, still requires teachers to give lessons to the entire class while simultaneously determining each student’s learning pace within each short subject block, when do students have the time to practice regulating their own learning during the school day? Does a school day divided into relatively short subject blocks provide this time? Or will students ultimately be directed as to what to do and when to do it? We assert that practicing self-regulated learning skills requires more time and autonomy than the current model allows. 

Will students gain a systems worldview? 

Continuing to teach subjects in isolation is based on a Newtonian, mechanistic worldview that systems biologistshave shown and physicistsare now arguing is insufficient to understanding complex structures. As sociologist John Urry notes, we are in the midst of the “complexity turn,” which “investigates emergent, dynamic and self-organising systems that interact in ways that heavily influence the probabilities of later events” (p. 3).10 Complexity is increasingly more prevalent “within many social and intellectual discourses and practices besides ‘science’”, including economics, management, defence studies, architecture, etc. (p. 2). But teaching subjects in siloed isolation fails to reveal their interrelatedness—their overall complexity—leading students to view problems of economy, society, and environment as discrete and solvable through reductionistic methods. In reality, however, such problems “are not,” as systems researcher, John Sterman states, “separate domains to be traded off against one another” (p. 26).11 Thus, a systems worldview is essential to creative and critical thinking, which is why education researchers are proposing new educational paradigms that foster this view. Maria Hofman nicely summarises one paradigm proposed by sustainability researcher Stephen Sterling: 

A policy change should develop education from being seen as a product to being described as an ongoing developmental process that develops potential and capacity throughout life at both the individual level and societal level through lifelong learning. Such learning requires a change in the methodology and practice within education. Instead of education limited to instruction and knowledge transfer, the change should result in education being developed into a dynamic, activity-based and participatory training based on generating knowledge and meaning in relation to the circumstances in local society and the world. Problem solution in such education is thus based on real events(p. 224).12

We wholeheartedly agree with this proposed shift, and we offer our own Montessori model as an example of one (see our Montessori Fact Sheet for more information). We also acknowledge and support those Australian schools and teachers who are working on other models that also exemplify this paradigm shift. 

How do we bridge early childhood education with primary and secondary education? 

Gonski 2.0 rightfully points out the importance of the early years on school readiness and later learning. However, in the current model, early childhood is disconnected from primary and secondary education. We assert that any true innovation in education requires a model based on human development rather than efficiency. Such a model can provide a continuous flow throughout students’ schooling—from birth through adolescence—bridging the early childhood years to the later years. It also has the potential to alleviate “disparities in school readiness,” allowing even “developmentally vulnerable children” (p. 17)to more easily settle into school and achieve, and to help equalise later academic outcomes.13

However, we are not suggesting that infants be taught academic subjects. Academics is only one part of a student’s learning, and focusing on thinking ignores how humans are fundamentally built. Conscious thinking is only one part of a dynamic response system necessary for effective adaptability within any environment (including the knowledge economy). Automatic behaviours are also required. The ability to smoothly switch between these two response systems—conscious intentional thinking and automatic behaviours—is foundational to having good executive functions.14,15 Executive functions are “those functions [a person] employs to act independently [in her] own best interest as a whole at any point in time, for the purpose of survival” (p. 506).15 Having good executive functions is necessary for both school and life success.16

To build good executive functions, infants need opportunities to move and interact with the environment, which develops their immature motor and sensory systems. Environments rich in purposeful sensorimotor materials essentially train these systems, allowing children to gain a large repertoire of automatic movements foundational to an effective dynamic response system. Research continues to show that children with poor motor skills generally have later problems with working memory and academic learning. And children with learning disabilities tend to have poor motor skills.17 Thus, movement and cognition are linked. 

Additionally, the neural circuits involved in movement regulate thinking and emotions just as they regulate movement,14,15 and the brain regions involved in these circuits continue to develop throughout childhood and adolescence.18Thus, an education system based on how humans actually develop should include extensive opportunities for students to engage in movement so they can build an increasing repertoire of complex automatic action patterns that not only support better conscious, intentional thinking, but also help to actually build the neural circuits that directly regulate thinking and emotion regulation. 

Bridging early childhood with primary and secondary education necessitates a model that understands how the brain develops—not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers, and school leaders.

Does a continued focus on testing derail us from true educational innovation? 

The Gonski 2.0 Report states that “Australian education has failed a generation of Australian school children by not enabling them to reach their full learning potential” (p. 8). They cite declining OECD PISA and stagnating NAPLAN literacy and numeracy scores as evidence. The concern is that these scores indicate the potential of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living as schools will not produce workers with the capabilities necessary for success in the knowledge economy. But is this true? 

Gonski’s Exhibit 5 (p. 9) shows “a significant achievement gap between Australia and the highest performing country in both reading literacy and mathematics”—Singapore. Yet, as education researcher Yong Zhao notes, Singapore and the other high-ranking Asian countries consistently show a “negative relationship between PISA scores and entrepreneurial capabilities,” which are “directly related to economic prosperity and success” (p. 58).19 

In fact, according to Zhao, China and Singapore “blame their own supposedly excellent education for their inability to produce creative and entrepreneurial talents like Steve Jobs” (p. 58). He points out that “although products worth billions of dollars are made in China, they are not made by China” (p. 57; emphasis in original). Thus, the assumption that declining PISA scores are indicative of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living due to an inability to produce workers for the knowledge economy is highly questionable.

What is also questionable is whether focusing on test scores—PISA or NAPLAN—actually helps to improve a country’s educational system or whether it derails that process. If test scores are ultimately the target because it is (incorrectly) assumed those scores indicate a country’s future economic success, how do we not fall into the trap of teaching to the test, whatever that test is, while ignoring other important capabilities? Campbell’s Law states:

The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor (p. 366).20

Singapore is not yielding high PISA scores because its school system is focused on teaching “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking.”As Singaporean journalist Alexis Ong told Zhao, it is yielding high PISA scores because of “its strictly regimented curriculum and by-rote study techniques that sustain the city’s formal culture” (p. 58).19 Not only is such an educational system not innovative and fail to produce the capabilities we claim to want to teach, it does not fit with who we are as Australians. We should not become someone other than who we are to achieve success on tests that do not really measure what we think they measure. 

Finally, it should be noted that while PISA now claims to measure creativity and problem-solving, Zhao warns:

Remember that whatever these tests are, they are still testing. A test by no means reflects your true creativity—it just measures your capacity to take a creativity test. That actually can become more dangerous and drive governments to do even crazier things.”21

Technology innovators recognise the worthlessness of test scores. Google, for instance, conducted their own research and found that “as a criteria for hiring […] test scores are worthless,” as “they don’t predict anything.”22  

CONCLUSION

We are in the midst of a knowledge economy and the “complexity turn”. Yet our education model in Australia and throughout much of the world is still stuck within an education model designed for a different economy and a different turn—the “Newtonian turn.”23 Thus, we view Gonski 2.0 as an opportunity for Australia to engage in rich discussion and become the world leader in education innovation. We offer this position paper as a contribution to this vital discussion and welcome the thoughts and questions of others. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive action so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity. 

REFERENCES

  1. Powell, W. W., & Snellman, K. (2004). The knowledge economy. Annual Review of Sociology, 30,199-220. 
  2. OECD. (2005). Oslo manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/oslo-manual_9789264013100-en
  3. Gonski, D., Arcus, T., Boston, K., Gould, V., Johnson, W., O’Brien, L., . . . Roberts, M. (March 2018). Through growth to achievement: Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools. Retrieved from https://www.education.gov.au/review-achieve-educational-excellence-australian-schools
  4. Schumpeter, J. A. (1950/2008). Capitalism, socialism and democracy (Thrid ed.). New York, NY HarperPerennial.
  5. Castells, M. (2000). The rise of the network society: The information age: Economy, society, and culture (Second ed. Vol. 1). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
  6. The World Bank Group. (2003). Lifelong learning in the global knowledge economy. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLL/Resources/Lifelong-Learning-in-the-Global-Knowledge-Economy/lifelonglearning_GKE.pdf; Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. New York, NY: Routledge.
  7. Zimmerman, B. J. (2001). Self-regulated learning. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (pp. 13855-13859). Oxford: Pergamon.
  8. Hood, L., Rowen, L., Galas, D. J., & Aitchison, J. D. (2008). Systems biology at the Institute for Systems Biology. Briefings in functional genomics and proteomics, 7(4), 239-248. 
  9. Unger, R. M., & Smolin, L. (2015). The singular universe and the reality of time. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  10. Urry, J. (2005). The complexity turn. Theory, culture & society, 22(5), 1-14. 
  11. Sterman, J. D. (2012). Sustaining sustainability: Creating a systems science in a fragmented academy and polarized world. In M. P. Weinstein & R. E. Turner (Eds.), Sustainability science: The emerging paradigm and the urban environment (pp. 21-58): Springer.
  12. Hofman, M. (2015). What is an education for sustainable development supposed to achieve—A question of what, how and why. Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, 9(2), 213-228. doi: 10.1177/0973408215588255
  13. Lillard, A. S., Heise, M. J., Richey, E. M., Tong, X., Hart, A., & Bray, P. M. (2017). Montessori preschool elevates and equalizes child outcomes: A longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(1783). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01783
  14. Koziol, L. F. (2014). The myth of executive functioning: Missing elements in conceptualization, evaluation, and assessment (Vol. II). New York, NY: Springer; Koziol, L. F., Budding, D., Andreasen, N., D’Arrigo, S., Bulgheroni, S., Imamizu, H., . . . Yamazaki, T. (2014). Consensus paper: The cerebellum’s role in movement and cognition. The Cerebellum, 13(1), 151-177. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12311-013-0511-x; Koziol, L. F., & Budding, D. E. (2009). Subcortical structures and cognition: Implications for neuropsychological assessment. New York, NY: Springer; Koziol, L. F., & Lutz, J. T. (2013). From movement to thought: The development of executive function. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 2(2), 104-115. ; Cisek, P., & Kalaska, J. F. (2010). Neural mechanisms for interacting with a world full of action choices. Annual review of neuroscience, 33(1), 269-298. doi: doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135409
  15. Koziol, L. F., Budding, D. E., & Chidekel, D. (2012). From movement to thought: executive function, embodied cognition, and the cerebellum. The Cerebellum, 11(2), 505-525. 
  16. Diamond, A., & Lee, K. (2011). Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old. Science, 333(6045), 959-964. doi: 10.1126/science.1204529
  17. Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Huijgen, B. C. H., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2014). A longitudinal study on gross motor development in children with learning disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(2), 357-363. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.11.018; Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2011). The relationship between gross motor skills and academic achievement in children with learning disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2773-2779. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.05.032; Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2014). Specific associations between gross motor skills and executive functioning in children with learning disorders: A longitudinal study. Movement and Cognition, 59. ; Rigoli, D., Piek, J. P., Kane, R., & Oosterlaan, J. (2012). An examination of the relationship between motor coordination and executive functions in adolescents. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 54(11), 1025-1031. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04403.x
  18. Diamond, A. (2000). Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Child Development, 71, 44-56. 
  19. Zhao, Y. (2012). Flunking innovation and creativity. Phi Delta Kappan, 94(1), 56-61. 
  20. Campbell, D. T. (1988). Methodology and epistemology for social science: Selected papers. In E. S. Overman (Ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  21. Stewart, W. (December 2016). Long read: Does Pisa really tell us anything useful about schools? TES. Retrieved from https://www.tes.com/news/long-read-does-pisa-really-tell-us-anything-useful-about-schools
  22. Bryant, A. (June 19, 2013). In head-hunting, big data may not be such a big deal. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/business/in-head-hunting-big-data-may-not-be-such-a-big-deal.html
  23. Laudan, L. (1981). Thomas Reid and the Newtonian turn of British Methodological thought. Science and hypothesis: Historical essays on scientific methodology. (pp. 86-110). Dordrecht: Springer.

Media Release and Fact Sheets

PDF icon Montessori Gonski Media Release

PDF icon About Montessori Australia

PDF icon Overview Montessori in Australia

PDF icon Characteristics of Montessori Education

PDF icon Montessori Classrooms

PDF icon Montessori Programmes

PDF icon Difference Between Montessori and Traditional Education

PDF icon Montessori Assessment & Reporting

Media Realease

FOR IMMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION: Thursday, 10 May 2018 

MAKING AUSTRALIA THE WORLD LEADER IN EDUCATION INNOVATION 

A RESPONSE TO GONSKI 2.0

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model. 

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. Any true innovation in education requires a model that understands how the brain develops, not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers and school leaders.

“Gonski’s initiation of this discussion places Australia as a potential leader in what will inevitably be a worldwide education paradigm shift – a true innovation in education. Thus, we fully support Gonski’s recommendation to prioritise learning growth rather than specified learning outcomes based on age and grade”, Ms Christine Harrison, President of Montessori Australia said.

Transformation of the current education model needs to be an urgent discussion to be had globally. Given the accelerating rate of change due to the proliferation of digital technologies and the creative destruction of not only jobs but industries, teachers can no longer be constrained by a model designed for a past economy where change occurred more incrementally. 

“Segregating children by grades and dividing each day into subject blocks requires each classroom to be teacher-directed. But how do teacher-directed classrooms organically provide students with opportunities to practice problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking?” Ms Harrison said.

“Partnering with students so they feel more ownership of their education fosters a lifelong love of learning. Individualised learning based on the student’s developmental level and the interests of the student fosters engagement and self-regulated learning. Developing these capacities is essential to ensure Australia will be a leader in the knowledge economy”, said Ms Harrison “and Montessori education is one example of a pedagogy that offers these teaching and learning opportunities.”

Media Contacts:

Montessori Australia, National Office, 02 9986 2282, info@montessori.org.au

Gonski Background Information

PDF icon Download Review of Funding for Schooling Report 2011

PDF icon Download Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools 2018 (“Gonski 2.0”)

“Gonski” refers to David Gonski, who was commissioned back in 2010 by the Minister of Education to be chairman of a committee to make recommendations regarding funding of education in Australia.  

The findings and recommendations of the committee were presented to the government in November 2011, whereafter deliberations were entered into by the Federal and state governments to consider its content. The committee’s report is known as the Gonski Report.  Subsequently, the proposed reforms and funding model became known as “Gonski”. 

The Gonski Review stressed the need for an equitable school funding system.  To address the current imbalances, the review recommended a national needs‑based and sector-blind school funding model. The new funding model would provide a level of base funding to all schools and additional targeted funding to disadvantaged students in order to remove inequities and minimise the identified performance gap.  From this, the government adopted the Schooling Resource Standard (SRS) which sets out how much it costs for every student to receive a good education.

In 2017, Gonski chaired an independent panel, the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools, commissioned to examine evidence and make recommendations on how school funding should be used to improve school performance and student outcomes. The second Gonski report, referred to as Gonski 2.0, was published on 30 April 2018.

The three priorities recommended in the report are:

  1. Deliver at least one year’s growth in learning for every student every year
  2. Equip every child to be a creative, connected and engaged learner in a rapidly changing world
  3. Cultivate an adaptive, innovative and continuously improving education system

It makes recommendations across the following five areas to address these:

  1. Laying the foundations for learning
  2. Equipping every student to grow and success in a changing world
  3. Creating, supporting and valuing a profession of expert educators
  4. Empowering and supporting school leaders
  5. Raising and achieving aspirations through innovation and continuous improvement

My Three - Six Years Child

By the time your child is three they will have some level of functional independence, good control over their body’s movements and have complete oral language. That’s a lot to have achieved in just three years! Yet it happened without effort because of the unique quality of the young child’s mind. Your three year old is still very much sensorial explorer. They use their senses to absorb every aspect of the environment, their language and culture, in the process constructing their own intellects. In Montessori we call this the phenomenon the ‘absorbent mind’.

Throughout this time of development your child will also experience periods during which they display heightened sensitivity to, or interest in, particular aspects of the environment. These periods, named sensitive periods by Montessori educators, represent windows of opportunity during which children’s intense interest, enables them to learn the corresponding knowledge and skill with ease and enjoyment. These periods occur universally for all children at approximately the same age. If you observe child closely you might see signs of these sensitive periods.

Montessori Institute

Montessori Institute

As the largest Montessori training organisation in Australia, the Montessori Institute offers flexible, nationally recognised, Early Childhood and Primary teacher registration qualifications, alongside Diploma and Certificate level qualifications. They also provide professional development and education for schools, childcare centres and the wider community, with which they we have built strong relationships over forty years. Their ACECQA (early childhood regulator) and AITSL (teacher registration regulator) accredited courses are delivered via a blend of external, online study and intensive face to face workshops, Australia wide.

Incorporated in 1983, the Montessori Institute is a not-for-profit organisation and an accredited Higher Education Provider with the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Authority (TEQSA). They have dedicated their work to develop and present world class Montessori courses and workshops, to both students and non-students.

Graduate Diploma of Education (Montessori) 3-6 years or 6-12 years focus. Recognised nationally as a teaching qualification, this course enables students to become registered teachers in their State. It is AITSL and ACECQA listed.

Diploma of Early Childhood and Primary Education (Montessori) 0-3, 3-6 or 6-12 years focus. This course enables registered teachers to gain Montessori curriculum knowledge for their classroom. It is ACECQA listed as an Early Childhood qualification (0-3 and 3-6 focus). The Diploma also qualifies non registered teachers to work as education assistants in schools or as room leaders/supervisors in a child care centre.

Certificate in Montessori Studies 0-5 or 3-6. Ideal for students who already hold a Certificate III or Diploma level qualification, but want to obtain Montessori curriculum knowledge for use in child care centres.

Diploma of Montessori Leadership and Practice. Ideal for principals or Montessori centre managers who wish to gain an understanding of Montessori theory, philosophy and curriculum.

Visit their website www.mwei.edu.au for further details.

PDF icon Graduate Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Diploma Brochure

PDF icon Certificate Brochure

PDF icon Leadership Brochure

Montessori Classrooms

Montessori Education

The Montessori Prepared Environment

A Montessori classroom is specifically designed to meet the physical and psychological needs of the child at each stage of development. Far from a static space, the curriculum is embedded within the environment itself — through a carefully designed and sequenced range of hands-on learning materials and activities.

The beauty, order, and accessibility of the Montessori classroom serve to entice the child into activity. Guided by the Montessori teacher, the child explores these materials independently — and it is in this space of independence that true learning occurs. Because children engage with activities according to their individual interests and at their own pace, the learning experience becomes highly personalised.

These materials are crafted to stimulate logical thought and independent discovery, functioning as “keys” to the child’s development at each stage of life.

A Social Community

More Than a Classroom — A Vibrant Community

The three-year age range is a cornerstone of the Montessori social structure. To gain the full benefit of this social and academic evolution, children attend daily and remain for a full three-year cycle.

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Peer Mentorship

Older children reinforce their own knowledge by teaching the younger ones, deepening understanding through the act of sharing it.

Inspiration

Younger children are naturally inspired toward more advanced work by observing their older peers in the same environment.

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Co-operation

Each child works at their own pace, unhindered by competition and encouraged by a spirit of genuine co-operation and community.

The Three-Year Cycle

Understanding the Planes of Development

A defining feature of the Montessori environment is the multi-age grouping, typically spanning a three-year period. Unlike traditional grade levels that group children by a single birth year, Montessori recognises that development is not linear. Each grouping is designed to respond to the unique physical, social, and psychological characteristics of that specific stage of life — aligned with the Planes of Development identified by Dr Maria Montessori.

0–3 Years The Nido and Infant Community

Focuses on the development of movement, language, and the refinement of basic motor skills. The environment provides a secure “home-base” for the child’s first experiences of independence.

3–6 Years The Children’s House — The Absorbent Mind

Children at this age are sensory explorers, refining their coordination and social grace while building the foundations for literacy and numeracy.

6–12 Years Primary / Elementary — The Reasoning Mind

The focus shifts to the “Why” and “How” of the world. The multi-age setting allows for complex collaborative projects and the development of a moral compass.

12–18 Years Erdkinder / Secondary — Social Construction

Focuses on finding one’s place in the broader world, supporting the adolescent’s need for real-world contribution and economic independence.

Key Principles

What Defines the Prepared Environment

To maintain the integrity of the Prepared Environment, several core principles must be upheld by the Montessori educator at all times.

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Independence

The environment enables the child to become physically independent of the adult — building the confidence to choose and decide for themselves.

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Indirect Preparation

Activities are designed with a specific developmental aim, while also secretly preparing the child for future milestones — such as sensorial activities that build a foundation for later abstract mathematics.

Order

Order pervades the environment — both physical order in the placement of materials, and intangible order in the consistency and approach of the adults present.

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Choice & Freedom

The environment provides the freedom to choose, to work without interruption, and to follow one’s own rhythm — provided the child’s activity does not interfere with the rights and freedoms of others.

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Mixed Age Range

A non-negotiable element that creates a non-competitive atmosphere and directly prepares the child for living in a diverse society.

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Movement

The environment must allow for free movement so the child can bring themselves into contact with the people and things necessary for their own development.

Control of Error

Materials are designed so the child can recognise and correct their own mistakes, fostering the understanding that it is “all right to be wrong” and that mistakes are tools for learning.

The Role of the Adult

A Fundamental Part of the Environment

In a Montessori setting, the adult is considered a fundamental part of the environment. However, their role differs significantly from a teacher in a traditional classroom.

Rather than teaching in a top-down manner, the Montessori adult acts as a facilitator. Their goal is to empower the child to teach themselves — following the internal urges that lead the child to take exactly what they need from the people and things around them.

Content maintained by Montessori Australia — the National Peak Body for Montessori Education and Adult Care in Australia since 2007.
For information on Montessori schools Australia, Montessori teacher training, and the ACARA-recognised Montessori National Curriculum, visit my.montessori.org.au

Government Liaison

Since its inception, Montessori Australia has represented the interests of the Montessori sector at both the state and national levels. MA has enabled Montessorians across the country to speak with “one voice” and we are delighted that Montessori is now seen as a significant sector by government and other agencies. With this in place we are working on a number of fronts to achieve further recognition of Montessori and to advocate for the interests of children, especially highlighting the importance of the first years of life.

 

One of our major focus areas is the drafting and submission of responses on behalf of the Montessori sector on major policy and regulation reviews both on a federal and state level. We constantly strive to support Montessori education in this complex and changing landscape.

 

The Montessori Australia Organisation Government Advocacy Focus Group is made up of volunteers from the Montessori community. It is open to Montessori practitioners and/or passionate individuals who want to advance the cause of Montessori with government. For more information about getting involved contact mark@montessori.org.au

AEDI Research

Success in school and life can be influenced by the outcomes in early childhood. The Australian Early Development Index (AEDI) is a national measure of the progress of early childhood development in Australia. The AEDI is an attempt by the council of Australian governments to measure how children are developing in communities throughout the country. The AEDI collected data on a number of quantitative and qualitative data sets, following physical health and well being, social competence, emotional maturity, language and cognitive skills and communication skills and general knowledge. The study was conducted throughout the country, surveying 261,203 children, making up 97.5% of aged five in Australia.

Montessori Educated children outperformed the national average for five year olds in all developmental domains. The most significant variance between the national average and children educated in the Montessori system were in Language and Cognitive Skills and Communications Skills and General Knowledge. While some controls in such socio-economic advantage must be considered, as the number of developmentally vulnerable children in Montessori was less than the National average, the performance of Montessori education relative to the national average is statistically significant. The study verifies the legitimacy of the Montessori Method for achieving real positive outcomes for children’s education and development.

My Six - Twelve Years Child

Your six to twelve-year-old child has reached a new stage of development. They have moved out of early childhood and into a period characterised by physical stability and steady growth. They will have increased stamina and will undoubtably be healthier, more adventurous and daring. They may also experience an increased capacity for sustained intellectual work. Children in of this age are more receptive to intellectual learning than at any other time in their lives.

Your child’s mind is also changing as it loses ability to absorb the environment unconsciously. Instead you will find that your child begins to use reason and logic to learn about their world consciously. Typical questions asked by children of this age include why, how and when. This is a time when children are developing great intellectual power.

Children in these primary school years are far more social, they gravitate to others with increased enthusiasm. They wish to broaden their horizons beyond the confines of the family and into the wider society, most specifically into a new level of social life with their peers. They exhibit a great loyalty to their peer group and the evaluation of the group becomes paramount. During this time, children are
beginning the process of becoming independent from the family, a step they must take if they are eventually to make mature attachments beyond the family.

Your primary school aged child will probably be intrigued by the unusual and the extraordinary. They may look up to those they perceive to be heroes. These potential role models inspire children to stretch themselves and better themselves in some way. At the same time your child may be working on the development of their moral compass, their internal ability to tell right from wrong. They will want to be able to work this out for themselves.

Sydney Montessori Training Centre

Sydney Montessori Training Centre (SMTC) is a national organisation committed to providing quality training to the Montessori community and to those interested in becoming qualified in the Montessori method. 

SMTC is authorised to deliver Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) Montessori courses. AMI was established by Maria Montessori and affiliates training centres around the world. AMI courses are recognised internationally for their authenticity and quality.

SMTC offer AMI training courses in the following:

  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 6-12 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Diploma
  • AMI Montessori 3-6 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori 0-3 Orientation Certificate
  • AMI Montessori Foundation Course

Click here to visit their website for further details.

Montessori Programmes

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Education Framework

Montessori Programmes

A full continuum of education from birth to eighteen years, grounded in Dr. Montessori’s understanding of how children naturally grow, learn and contribute to the world.

Plane 1  Birth–6 Plane 2  6–12 Plane 3  12–18 Plane 4  18–24

Montessori classrooms are multi-aged learning environments based on Dr. Montessori’s stage theory of human development. She believed that if education followed the natural development of the child, society would gradually move toward a higher level of co-operation, peace and harmony.

— Dr. Maria Montessori, The Four Planes of Development

🌱
Birth to 3 Years · First Plane of Development

Infant & Toddler Programme

The most fundamental period of human development — forming intelligence, language and the core of personality.

During the first three years of life the child’s intelligence is formed. They acquire the culture and language into which they have been born. An understanding of this development allows environments to be prepared to foster independence, motor development and language acquisition.

Nido — Italian for ‘Nest’

The early childhood setting for children from eight weeks old to the developmental milestone of independent walking. Created especially to support working parents.

Infant Community

After children begin to walk, they join the toddler group where primary motor coordination, independence and language are cultivated — a nurturing community offering first structured contact with other children.

Parent-Infant / Parent-Toddler Programme

An environment where parents and children from 8 weeks to 3 years interact with the guidance of a trained Montessori educator. Parents learn to observe their children and understand what experiences to offer them.


🏡
3 to 6 Years · First Plane of Development

Children’s House

Self-construction through purposeful work in a rich, prepared environment that brings the world to the child.

Montessori ‘school’ starts at three years of age. The pre-school environment serves the child’s drive for self-construction abundantly, bringing the world to them through globes, maps, songs, land forms and collections of cultural materials from around the world.

The four main curriculum areas
Practical Life

The link between the child’s home environment and the classroom. Precise movements build concentration, fine motor skills and confidence through a complete cycle of purposeful work — care of self, care of environment, and grace and courtesy.

Sensorial

Materials that isolate fundamental qualities perceived through the senses — colour, form, dimension, texture, temperature, pitch and weight — building perception and the foundation for abstract thought.

Language

Reading, writing, spelling and language are developed as one integrated process — from oral language and songs through sandpaper letters, the movable alphabet, and ultimately independent reading and storytelling.

Mathematics

Abstract ideas are reached through concrete materials. The golden bead material reveals numerical, geometrical and dimensional relationships within the decimal system — connecting geometry, algebra and arithmetic as they are in life.

Also includes Creative Arts, Music, Science, Geography and Cultural Studies. Offered in Montessori Early Learning Centres as part of a long day care format.


🔭
6 to 12 Years · Second Plane of Development

Primary School

Research-style learning that sparks the imagination and connects children to the universe and their place within it.

The primary years incorporate either separate classrooms for Stage 2 (6–9) and Stage 3 (9–12), or a combined 6–12 classroom. Children work in small groups on projects that spark the imagination and engage the intellect — directed by trained Montessori teachers toward reasoning and the arts of life.

Lower Elementary — Stage 2 (6–9 Years)

Children are driven to understand the universe and their place in it. Studies span geography, biology, history, language, mathematics, science, music and art — all woven together through Montessori’s Great Lessons to foster connectedness to all humanity.

Upper Elementary — Stage 3 (9–12 Years)

Exploration deepens through trips to community resources — libraries, planetariums, botanical gardens, science centres and more. Children’s natural desire to contribute to the world is actively encouraged and celebrated.


🌍
12 to 18 Years · Third Plane of Development

Secondary School

A programme built on the recognition of adolescence as a time of great social development, critical thinking and self-discovery.

The Montessori programme for 12 to 18 year olds is grounded in an understanding of adolescence as a period of critical thinking, re-evaluation and self-concern — a transition from childhood to adulthood with corresponding physical, mental and social maturation. Adolescence is like an odyssey: an arduous yet exciting adventure where the young person finds their place in the world.

Early Adolescence (12–15 Years)

A transition period where hands-on, experiential and community-based work anchors the adolescent as structured academic learning evolves. Real-world projects and contribution to society take centre stage.

Later Adolescence (15–18 Years)

The adolescent has a humanistic mind — eager to understand humanity and the contribution they can make to society. The programme supports this through academic rigour, creative thinking and self-directed study.

Government Submissions

Most recent submissions/reports listed first: 

Submission: National Review of Teacher Registration – Early Childhood Education

Following attendance at the AITSL Forum, Montessori Australia has prepared a brief response to the National Review of Teacher Registration – Early Childhood Education. Overall, we believe there should be a nationally consistent approach with ACECQA, AITSL, regulatory bodies and authorities and that teacher registration should be a national process, not carried out at the state level, to support consistency.  The submission covers the following points:

  • Elements of Registration
  • Teacher Quality
  • Improvements
  • Nationally consistent approaches
  • Teacher standards and application to ECT registration

Submitted: 4 June 2018

Download the Montessori Submission

Submission: Social and Cultural Determinants of Indigenous Health

The Montessori Children’s Foundation made the following key recommendations:

  • Provide significant and secure funding support to enable the expansion of Montessori early childhood programs in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
  • Urgently develop mechanisms that will enable those wanting to train as Montessori teachers to have their Montessori training counted as part of their Bachelor of Education studies.
  • Investigate how greater numbers of public schools may be able to make the choice to offer Montessori programs either as a part, or as the whole of their pedagogic approach.
  • Foster and support the growth of capacity building initiatives such as the Puuya Foundation has undertaken, and facilitate the involvement of other key partner organisations. 

Submitted: 5 May 2017

Download the Montessori Submission

Submission: Productivity Commission Draft Report into Childcare and Early Childhood Learning

MAF has prepared a short submission in response to the July Productivity Commission Draft Report into Childcare and Early Childhood Learning. We were also able to contribute to the public enquiry through input to the ACECQA National Forum and the NSW Children’s Services Forum.

Our submission covers the following points:

  • The focus on children’s rights, their needs and interests is missing from the framing of the recommendations of the enquiry.
  • The workforce participation of women rather than the needs and interests of children is placed at the forefront of policy framework for ECEC.
  • The report privileges the needs and desires of employer groups over the needs and interests of children.
  • There is a fundamental disregard for the progress we have made in the last 30 years in recognising the interrelationship between care and education.
  • CCB should be made available for all children irrespective of family income levels.
  • The possible exclusion of some service types (such as preschools) from the NQF.
  • The removal of tax benefits for not-for-profit services who provide a large proportion of the education and care of young children.
  • The emergence of a division between “child care” for children under 3 and “preschool education” for children over 3.
  • The potential impact of a deemed rate of care on families and services that could cause significant disadvantage those in high cost provision in rural and remote locations.
  • The lack of provision of a plan to ensure supply of education and care meets demand.
  • The possible exclusion of children from vulnerable families to early education by the imposition of the proposed 24 hour work/activity test per fortnight.
  • Nannies should be linked to an approved service to ensure quality provision and to ensure they are supported to achieve quality outcomes for children.

Submitted: 6 September 2014  

Consultation – Reduction of command and control – Australian Education Act 2013

This submission is in response to Minister Pyne’s letter to the Montessori Australia Foundation seeking our comments on where we perceive the Australian Education Act 2013 or the associated Regulation afford an overreach of Commonwealth powers and involve unnecessary reporting to the Commonwealth in this regard.

Small independent schools have the same regulatory burdens as larger independent schools but do not have the same administrative capacity to meet increasing and constantly changing administrative and reporting requirements especially when these overlap with two different legislative jurisdictions. Many areas of the Act are overly prescriptive and can usually be dealt with in a collaborative way between jurisdictions. 

Whilst understanding the need for accountability and quality control, we would support any reduction in regulatory burden that would enable schools to focus on the provision of high quality teaching and learning and reduce administrative costs. There are many overlapping regulatory requirements between States/Territories, the Commonwealth Government and different Acts and Regulations with which Montessori schools have to comply.

Specific input was provided regarding various sections of the Act. 

Submitted: 23 June 2014 

Senate Select Committee Submission on School Funding  

This submission responded to the following points

  • Value of independent schooling
  • Current and new funding arrangements
  • Distribution of Funds
  • Montessori schools and students with disabilities
  • Agreement on 3% increase
  • Recommendations for future funding arrangements

Submitted: 20 March 2014

Productivity Commission Childcare and Early Childhood Learning

 This submission responded to the following points:  

  • Support for implementation of National Quality Framework
  • Affordability of childcare
  • Qualifications
  • Government support by State, Territory and Local Governments
  • Key support measures for childcare services
  • Options for regulatory reform
  • Initiatives of government to address workforce changes 

Submitted: 31 January 2014  

Beyond Gonski: Reviewing the Evidence on Quality Schooling 

Following the release of the Gonski Report, the Public Policy Institutue (PPI) was commissioned by the Independent Schools Council of Australia (ISCA) to prepare a response paper, authored by Scott Prasser and Helen Tracey. The paper was presented at a meeting attended by Christine Harrison, Presdient, Montessori Australia Foundation. She provides an update on the meeting and its bearing on the Montessori sector.  

Circulated: Montessori Australia Foundation eBulletin 2013 Edition 1

Parliamentary Inquiry into the Australian Education Bill 2012  

This submission outlines the Montessori sector’s response to the Parlimentary Inquiry in the areas of Quality Education, Transparancy and Accountability, Diversity and Choice, School and Student Assessment Benchmarks, and School Funding.

Submitted: 30 September 2011

Comments to ACECQA Regarding Draft Criteria for Excellent Rating

This report offers comments from the Montessori sector to the Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority (ACECQA) on the draft criteria for Excellent Ratings for childcare centres under the National Quality Standards national quality rating and assessment process. 

Circulated: 28 February 2012 

Montessori Report on the Gonski Briefing

This report summarises the briefing on the Gonski Review of Funding. 

Circulated: 20 February 2012

Review of Funding for Schooling – Response to Commissioned Research

On 31 August 2011, the Review of Funding for Schooling released its Paper on Commissioned Research and the following four research report

  • Feasibility of a National Schooling Recurrent Resource Standard
  • Assessing existing funding models for schooling in Australia
  • Schooling Challenges and Opportunities
  • Assessment of current process for targeting of schools funding to disadvantaged students  

The Montessori sector affirms our belief that any model for funding of non-government schools should be equitable, transparent and treat all schools and systems in the non-government sector consistently. Funding arrangements for feepaying independent schools should encourage, not discourage, parental investment in their child’s schooling. We concur with the independent school sector that it is critical that any proposed funding model be based on robust, reliable and up-to-date data. 

Submitted: 30 September 2011  

ACARA Submission: Recognition of Montessori National Curriculum

Submission to ACARA for the Recognition of Curriculum Framework to meet the requirements of the Australian Curriculum

Submitted: 17 June 2011

MAF, MCF and TSIREC Meeting with Minister Peter Garrett

Meeting date: 6 July 2011 

Key points of discussion were: 

  • The importance of endorsement of the three year age range in Montessori settings and provision of advice to state education authorities to that effect.
  • The Minister’s support for recognition of the Montessori National Curriculum including the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP)
  • Recognition of Montessori qualifications
  • Issues and challenges relating to the MySchool and MyChild websites
  • The success of the Strait Start programs in the Torres Strait Islands

The importance of the continued support of the Minister and the government for the TSIREC/MCF partnership in the Torres Strait to allow additional support for the existing programme, expansion due to community demand in other areas of the Torres Strait and North Queensland.

Submitted: 17 June 2011

National Quality Framework Regulations Exposure Draft

In response to the DEEWR National Quality Framework Regulations Exposure Draft the Montessori submission highlighted key areas of concern for the Montessori sector including: 

  • Educator to child ratios 
  • Requirements for early childhood teach
  • Approval and determination of qualifications
  • Declared approved learning frameworks
  • Qualifications and Experience of Assessors
  • Supervisor Certificate
  • Assessment and Ratings
  • Policies and Procedures
  • Review of Funding for Schooling: Emerging Issues Paper 2010 

Submitted: 31 March 2011 

In response to the DEEWR Review of Funding for Schooling Emerging Issues Paper the Montessori submission specified:  

  • Any changes to government funding arrangements should leave no Montessori school or student worse off in real te
  • Any funding arrangements should be simple to administer, transparent and offer stability and predictability
  • Montessori school enrolments are projected to increase significantly over the next decade. They will provide a significant contribution towards the future recurrent and capital costs of school education in Australia. We firmly agree with the independent sector that governments must encourage and appropriately support independent schools in order to leverage this contribution.
  • Montessori schools are chosen by many parents because of their ability to support students with special learning needs, including students with disabilities. These students must be resourced appropriately regardless of the type of school they attend.
  • We support the right of parents to exercise their entitlement to choose the type of schooling for their children. Montessori schools are often chosen because of their sense of community and ability for families to become more involved in their child’s education.
  • Small, community based schools such as Montessori schools show a significant commitment to transparent and effective governance with many school boards made up wholly of parents. There is a high degree of accountability to stakeholders who are fee-paying parents, founders and other financial supporters.
  • Montessori schools draw their enrolments from all income groups. Many of our schools offer low fees and serve lower SES communities that are the fastest growing group of independent schools thus increasing the load on our schools.

Our schools need to work with stability and predictability of funding arrangements to facilitate financial planning and management. We would like to see funding legislated for at least four years as per the current quadrennial arrangements. The value of recurrent, capital and targeted grants should be maintained in real terms by appropriate supplementation.

MAF Meeting with DEEWR Early Childhood Development Group 

Meeting Date: 25 November 2010 

Key points of discussion were:

  • Overview of Montessori in Australia and Overseas
  • Presentation on Elements of Quality Montessori ECEC Centres
  • Recognition of Montessori Early Years Learning Framework
  • Recognition of Montessori Qualifications
  • Assessment of Montessori Programmes under the NQS
  • Montessori Programmes in Indigenous Communities

Submitted: 22 November 2010

MCEECDYA National Biennial Forum 2010

Education for the Future: Improving Student Learning and School Performance

The Australian Education Ministers’ 2010 Biennial Forum to be held in Canberra on 15 October will showcase innovative and creative best-practice initiatives that are improving student outcomes, transforming schools and shaping the education environment into the future.

The forum will bring together over 300 of Australia’s educational leaders and practitioners from all jurisdictions and sectors for a range of highly engaging interactive presentations and discussions. It will report progress being made on the goals of the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians, while also providing a platform for considering ‘schooling for tomorrow’. 

MAF is pleased to have been invited to the Forum and to have been asked to submit a paper and project summaries to be published on the Forum’s website. 

  • Developing sustainable partnerships with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders and communities to improve early childhood infrastruct
  • Montessori Parent Support Initiative as the key to lifelong learning
  • Hands on learning and experiences in Montessori Adolescent Programs as valuing the contributions of young people to a peaceful and sustainable society 

http://www.schoolsforum2010.edu.au

Early Childhood Development Strategy

Both MAF and MCF strongly support the Early Childhood Development Strategy and, especially as a consequence of our work in remote Indigenous communities, we are convinced that parent support and education are a vital part of supporting improved developmental outcomes for vulnerable children.

Specific recommendation were made in regard to:  

  • Strengthening universal maternal, child and family health services
  • Engaging parents and community in understanding the importance of early childhood
  • Improving early childhood infrastructure
  • Financial Health Assessment Framework Review (FHAF) Submission to DEEWRs

Submitted: 4 December 2009

Regulation Impact Statement for Early Childhood Education and Care Quality Reforms 

Issues of concern to the Montessori Sector, explored in more detail in the body of the submission, are summarised below.

  • Accreditation and regulation
    How accreditation and regulation will be implemented and by whom for diverse services which require assessors to have expert knowledge both of the regulations and of the nature of the methodology and contexts of particular services.
  • 1:3 ratio for children to 24 months
    Implementation should be achieved earlier than 2020
  • A clearer focus on children from birth to age three
    There is a need for a much stronger focus in the RIS on this most critical period of children’s development
  • Equity in diverse communities
    The need for financial investment, and investment in capacity building, especially in remote Indigenous communities, to ensure equity of access high quality services.
  • Staff qualifications
    Will staff with a Certificate lll qualification be accorded “qualified status” in relation to the prescribed child-to-staff ratios?
    Achievability within stated timelines of requirements to employ early childhood trained teacher.
    Further clarification of the ways in which RPL will work in relation to those teachers with Montessori diplomas but without and early childhood degree; and to those currently employed as Montessori assistants with Montessori assistant training.
  • Rating a service as excellent
    Might some services be precluded from obtaining a rating of “Excellence” because of size or location resulting in diminished access to resourcing or partnerships?
    Appropriate arrangements for the assessment of Montessori early childhood education and care services.
  • 3 year groupings
    The new regulations must accommodate the 3 year age cohorts in Montessori services; clarification needed in relation to child-to-staff ratios, group sizes and funding.
  • 15 hour universal access
    Clarification of the issue of the 15 hour program being able to be embedded in the 3-6 program in Montessori centres in ways which do not disrupt the usual functioning of Montessori programs.
  • Costs and funding
    The conclusions of the cost-benefit analysis are questioned, and concerns exist that families will ultimately bear any additional costs, risking the withdrawal of some children from early childhood services, and risking the viability of some centres.

It is imperative that the access of all families to CCB, including those who access services which do not meet the criterion of opening 48 weeks per year, is addressed if the National Quality Agenda is to incorporate current licensing and accreditation systems, and all families are to be supported in their right to choose services for their children. 

Submitted: 31 August 2009 

Schools Assistance Act Regulations

The Montessori sector supports the intention of the Act to foster transparency in reporting to parents so that they have “useful information about how their child and their school are performing… to assist them in making the right choice of school” (Clause 16). We support the provision of plain language student reports to parents. However, we do not support the requirement that such reports employ an A to E or equivalent scale. Nor do we support reporting that shows a student’s achievement relative to the performance of his/her peer group. We argue that our current methods of reporting both provide to parents “useful information about how their child and their school are performing”, and provide it in ways which are consistent with the Montessori philosophy that the parents of our students have consciously chosen for their children’s education.

Submitted: 22 May 2009

Victorian Children’s Services Regulations 2009

The Montessori Sector supports the directions of the Draft regulations, and is grateful for the opportunity to comment on issues of concern to our staff and parents. In particular, we seek the following: 

Consideration of official recognition of the equivalence of a Montessori Diploma to the two-year Diploma in Children’s Services which can be articulated to an early childhood education degree, and /or an arrangement based on recognition of prior learning which takes on-the-job learning into account; and we seek a meeting in the near future with DEECD officials to pursue these matters.

  • Consideration of recognition of the equivalence between Montessori Assistants Training and the Certificate III in Children’s Services and/or consideration of special dispensation for Montessori Assistants Training to be recognised as constituting appropriate entry level qualifications for working in Montessori settings only. These are matters we would also like to pursue in the abovementioned meeting we seek with DEECD official.
  • The opportunity to provide an orientation to DEECD officers and ministerial advisers regarding the operation of Montessori early childhood education and care services to provide a clear context for considerations of recognition of Montessori training. 
  • Special dispensation in regard to the occasional entry of children to the Montessori three to six program before their third birthdays without the requirement to meet the proposed adult-child ratio of 1:4 for children under three. 
  • Further discussion with DEECD officers with a view to resolving anomalies in relation to both the “double” qualifications requirement and funding arrangements for children whose parents wish them to complete the full 3 to 6 cycle in Montessori services.

Submitted: 23 March 2009

National Curriculum Feedback

Submitted: 24 February 2009

NSW Children’s Services Regulations Review

The Montessori sector supports the opportunity provided by the review to reduce the complexity of the regulatory framework for the delivery of children’s services while improving quality and outcomes, and asks for particular consideration of the following issues:

  • The relaxation of group sizes and total child numbers in early childhood services.
  • Recognition of Montessori qualifications.
  • Recognition of the distinct role of the assistant in Montessori services, and the validity of our approach to ensuring assistants work to appropriate professional standards.
  • MAF seeks inclusion on the Industry Reference Group.

 Submitted: 11 December 2008

Early Years Learning Framework

  • We are confident that the Framework will provide sufficient scope and direction for the Montessori approach to learning in the early years to maintain its integrity, and that the Framework makes an important contribution to highlighting key elements of quality learning for all early childhood education and care service
  • We would argue strongly for the use of simpler and more accessible language, and for each section to be very clearly focused and sequenced to make meanings as clear as poss
  • We would also urge that the section on Values and Guiding Principles be clarified, that its language be simplified and that clearer linkages are made between principle and practice.
  • Most importantly, we would urge that a greater focus be given to children’s drive for self-direction and self-development, and the implications of this for creating learning environments and employing pedagogies which respects and respond to the demonstrated needs and interests of individual children.

Submitted: 10 December 2008

Schools Assistance Bill Administrative Guidelines

  • Recognition of Montessori National Curriculum
  • Requested exemption from comparative reporting. The following clause was included in the Administrative Guidelines following our submission “Individual parents may wish to withdraw their child from comparative reporting or assessment conditions that they feel are inappropriate for their child. This is a matter for consideration by individual parents and must be requested in writing to the school.”
  • The Montessori sector is seeking representation on the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority given the unique nature of the Montessori educational philosophy and practice.

Submitted: 28 November 2008

ECEC National Quality Framework

The Montessori sectors seeks:  

  • Recognition that the Montessori curriculum exemplifies an effective pathway for realisation of the objectives set out in the National Quality Framework for ECEC discussion paper.
  • Recognition that the Montessori pedagogy, materials and classroom management together provide a well-established and well-integrated working illustration of a differentiated play-based curriculum, incorporating content and activities appropriately based on child development.
  • Ways to ensure that Montessori training can be articulated with existing training pathways for early childhood teachers to meet National Quality Framework standards.
  • Support for and protection of the mixed-age groups (3-6) with which Montessori programs work.
  • Delivery of the government guarantee for four year olds in the context of the Montessori mixed-age group (3-6) program.
  • Partnerships in early childhood education and care for children with special needs.
  • Partnerships in Indigenous early childhood education and care.

 Submitted: 19 September 2008

 

Action Research

Montessori Australia launched the Montessori Action Research Advisory (MRAC) committee in 2010. The MRAC works to build a comprehensive research framework for Montessori in both New Zealand and Australia. One of the first schemes of the Montessori Research Advisory Committee has been to initiate the first Montessori Research Workshop. The workshop was first conducted back in May 2010 and was open to all Montessori educators working with children from birth to eighteen years as well as Montessori teacher trainers. The aim of the workshop was to involve educators in classroom based research.

Participants in the research project were asked to write a research question of their own and design a small research project to explore this question. The projects were ones that could be implemented simply and effectively in their own classrooms in order to reflect critically and systematically on a single area within the curriculum, or a classroom based problem, with the goal of achieving real positive change. The results of the project have each been published in an Action Research book, which provides a summary of the action research covered in the workshop. These reports demonstrate the breadth of the potential Montessori classrooms offer teachers for pursuing both practitioner based enquiry as well as research projects that can become the basis of study towards a higher degree.

A2Z Montessori Australia

Montessori Materials & Educational Toys

A2Z Montessori & Educational Toys online store is an educational supplier specialising in progressive education such as Maria Montessori, Rudolf Steiner, Reggio Emilia and Frederic Froebel. They predominantly supply schools, preschools, childcare centres, long day care centres, home day care, home schools, and also parents and families with young children.

They offer an extensive range of Montessori toys, material, resources and equipment to cover the whole off the Montessori Curriculum, includeing Language, Mathematics, Biology, Geography, Music, Art, Sensory and Infant & Toddler Practical Life activities. They are unique to A2Z and are manufactured to a high standard using the very best quality materials. They also hand pick the best quality wooden toys from Australia and around the world of well known and famous brands.

At A2Z Montessori & Educational Toys, they aim to deliver more than just toys. Whether intended for solo or group, play or learning, our educational toys encourage imagination, communication and a love of learning to “help me to do it myself”. The product range is about creating special memories for you and your child. Memories are priceless moments that you will cherish forever, like your child’s infectious giggles when they are playing a game that fascinates their imagination, the comfort on their face when they cuddle their favourite toy and the pride they take in showing you their creations.

Click on a2zmontessori.com.au to visit the A2Z Montessori website.

Cosmic Education

How does one satisfy but not diminish the child’s mind?
How does one bring order to vast knowledge?
How does one capitalise on the child’s imaginative tendencies?
How does one facilitate moral enquiry?

To meet these fundamental needs of the primary child Maria Montessori developed the concept of “Cosmic Education”.

“Since it has been … necessary to give so much to the child, let us give him a vision of the whole universe. The universe is an imposing reality, and an answer to all questions…. All things are part of the universe, and are connected with each other to form one whole unity. The idea helps the mind of the child to become focused, to stop wandering in an aimless quest for knowledge. He is satisfied having found the universal centre of himself with all things.”
(Maria Montessori, To Educate the Human Potential).

Cosmic education presents the universe as operating to a predetermined design in which all life, including humanity, has a part to play. Cosmic education allows children to develop a sense of awe and gratitude for the universe, their role in humanity and the work of people who came before them. Cosmic education begins with the story of the universe, through which the child sees the inter-relationship of all things. When the child is presented with the story of the universe, an overview, a set of first principles is established. This provides a context for the study of details. Studies are integrated and related to the whole. Different subjects are considered as interconnected, and are presented as such. For instance the history of Egypt is tied to the Nile, to geography, to art, to writing, to geometry – as in the 3-4-5 triangle used to survey following the floods – to flora and fauna and to papyrus, the writing paper used to record the history which was the point where we entered the chain.

Cosmic education provides a framework for all studies – subjects covered include mathematics, geometry, language, history, geography, biology, botany and science. Art, craft and music are also included in the program, and the child uses computers for research and presentation. Excursions which take the child out of his or her familiar environment into a variety of settings in the surrounding community are an essential means of learning for the child and are therefore an integral element in the program at this stage of development.

The Primary years are a great period of expansion, consolidation and intellectual growth. Having acquired a sound grasp of the basics in preschool, children are now ready and willing to acquire culture and to discover the world and their place in it. Their thirst for knowledge is such that by age 12 they will have been introduced to many of the areas of study usually reserved for the secondary years.

My Teenager

The adolescent years from 12 to 18 are the child’s journey to adulthood. They are no longer a child, but not yet an adult.

The rapid physical growth of adolescence also echoes the rapid physical growth of the first six years of your child’s life, but this time physical growth is accompanied by the intense hormonal activity that ushers in sexual maturity. The energy the adolescence needs during periods of rapid physical growth can sometimes diminish the energy the adolescent has available to concentrate on their academic work.

Similarly, to early childhood, the adolescent brain undergoes significant re-organisation, as the child transforms into an adult. At the onset of adolescence young people are ready to take further steps away from their families and towards adult independence in society. They also become idealistic and peer-oriented. They can find it difficult to concentrate on structured academic learning but love to interact conversationally and collaboratively with other adolescents in the context of projects and issues that are important to them; they feel supported and nurtured in a cooperative community of peers.

During this odyssey, young people become humanistic explorers seeking to understand their place in society, and to contribute to society.  Personal dignity, social justice and belonging are key drivers.  The adolescents are asking of themselves, who am I and who am I in this world? 

Your teenager may have a huge capacity for creative expression, and their style of learning may become more practical and experiential, an approach they use to explore previously introduced concepts in more depth and in real-life contexts.

Montessori Early Years Programme

Under the National Law and Regulations, early childhood education and care services are required to base their educational program on an approved learning framework. This should focus on addressing the developmental needs, interests and experiences of each child, while taking into account individual differences.

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF) is the approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework for young children from birth to five years of age.

Montessori Australia has developed a poster that visually articulates the mapping of the Montessori curriculum against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

Click here to purchase the Montessori Early Years Learning Programme (MEYLP) poster from our online shop.

Please note: The MEYLP poster is subject to copyright and can not be reproduced without the prior consent of Montessori Australia.

Montessori Australia members are provided a PDF copy of the MEYLP poster.

Think Education Supplies - Gonzagarrdi and Nienhuis

Think Education Supplies

Think Education Supplies (TES) was formed in 2003 initially to market in Australia and New Zealand the high quality of the Gonzagarrdi range of Montessori materials 0-12 years and wooden furniture 0-12 years and in 2015 the Nienhuis Montessori range was added.

The  range at TES has been expanded to include the full range of constantly updated printed card materials from ETC covering from 0-15 years in subjects such as English, Mathematics, Science, Geography and Timelines plus a full range of general materials focusing on stimulating thinking and processing skills across the 0-15 educational curriculum.

The warehouse in Brisbane carries a substantial amount of stock to fill orders as soon as possible.

The founder of Think Education Supplies, David Knibbe, has over 40 years experience in marketing educational materials from 0-15 year old students including setup of schools and childcare centres.

Think Education Supplies is Montessori Australia’s primary partner supplier of Nienhuis and Gonzagarrdi products that can be purchsed online by clicking here to visit the TES website.

How it is Unique

Differences between Montessori and Traditional Education

Montessori EducationTraditional Education
Based on helping the natural development of the human beingBased on the transfer of a national curriculum
Children learn at their own pace and follow their own individual interestChildren learn from a set curriculum according to a time frame that is the same for everyone
Children teach themselves using materials specially prepared for the purposeChildren are taught by the teacher
Child is an active participant in learningChild is a passive participant in learning
Understanding comes through the child’s own experiences via the materials and the promotion of children’s ability to find things out for themselvesLearning is based on subjects and is limited to what is given
Learning is based on the fact that physical exploration and cognition are linkedChildren sit at desks and learn from a whiteboard and worksheets
Child can work where he/she is comfortable, move around and talk at will while not disturbing othersChild is usually assigned own chair and encouraged to sit still and listen during group sessions
The teacher works in collaboration with the childrenThe class is teacher led
The child’s individual development brings its own reward and therefore motivationMotivation is achieved by a system of reward and punishment
Environment and method encourage internal self-disciplineTeacher acts as primary enforcer of external discipline
Child works as long as he/she wishes on chosen projectChild generally given specific time limit for work
Uninterrupted work cyclesBlock time, period lessons
Mixed age groupsSame age groups
Working and learning matched to the social development of the childWorking and learning without emphasis on the social development of the child
Shared emphasis on intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual developmentMain emphasis on intellectual development
Shared focus on the acquisition of academic, social, practical and life skillsMain focus on academics

Resources for Parents

The Stamp Game – learn how to make and present the Stamp Game, a Montessori maths material for children to independently practice the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 

AMI Digital – free digital resources to schools, educators and families, starting with language materails for 3-6 year olds.

Online Montessori courses – learn more about Montessori

Montessori Short Videos – Rising Tide Montessori provides a free library of short videos about Montessori theory and practice

Build your own Montessori maths materials – download instructions for making the Addition Strip Board, Bead Frame, Checkerboard, Snake Game and Strip Board.

Montessori as an Aid to Life – supporting children aged 0-3 years in the home environment

Parenting Blog – see our blog postings for practical advice on Montessori parenting

The Montessori Notebook – Montessori at home for babies and toddlers

Montessori at Home – encouraging Montessori principles of order, independence, and self-motivation in the home 

How We Montessori – Montessori in the home environment (24-36-month-olds) 

Learning from Home Handbook for Parents

Montessori inspired indoor activities

Montessori inspired activities for toddlers

Continuing the Learning at Home – inspiration for activities at home (early childhood)

How to create an at-home Montessori for your children

Family Music For Mixed Ages – early childhood music programme

The Math Institute (Great Work Inc) & YouTube Channel – Montessori adolescent maths support

ABC Me – ABC ME is a place for school-aged children to find all the best shows from Australia and around the world. 

100 Ideas for Montessori Early Childhood Students at Home (courtesy of St. Joseph Montessori School faculty and the American Montessori Society)

100 Ideas for Montessori Primary Students at Home (courtesy of teacher Michelle Jacob and the American Montessori Society).

49 Montessori Inspired Indoor Activities

Montessori and the National Quality Agenda

The governments National Quality Agenda is an important set of reforms for the Early Childhood Education and Care sector. Changes include the National Quality Standards, the Early Years Learning Framework and other regulations for service provision.

Montessori Australia recommends a number of commercially available professional resources, including:

Montessori and the National Quality Standards

This document looks at each individual standard and element of the 7 quality areas in relation to a Montessori environment and in context of what the Authorised Officer may observe, discuss and sight during an Assessment visit.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-nqs

Montessori National Curriculum and the EYLF

A high-gloss poster that visually maps the Montessori National Curriculum for children under 6 years of age against the EYLF. This poster can be displayed in a classroom or childcare centre, or even distributed to families, as clear evidence of how the Montessori curriculum meets the outcomes of the EYLF.

The poster is available in A4 and A3 through Montessori Australia’s online store.

Montessori and the EYLF

This document articulates how Montessori practice fits the principles, practice and outcomes of the EYLF.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/guide-to-montessori-the-eylf

Bridging the Gap

This document gives an analysis of the most likely areas where an Authorised Officer may find Montessori Practice and other settings diverge. It provides strategies on how to “bridge the gap” of understanding.
Avaliable: http://www.montessorichild.com.au/products/bridging-the-gap-between-mont…

Montessori Gonski Key Messages

PDF icon Download Montessori Gonski Key Messages

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model.  

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. 

We offer the following key message as a contribution to this vital discussion. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive changes so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity and can instead become known as the world’s leader in education innovation.

Transforming the industrial model

To better support teachers’ ability to differentiate learning and partner with students, other aspects of the current industrial-education model, such as, segregating students by grade, teaching subjects in isolation, and instruction and knowledge transfer, must also change.   

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Multi-age classrooms
  • Student-led rather than teacher-led learning

Developing self-regulated learning skills

Self-regulated learning is a key capacity for success in a knowledge economy. The current industrial-education model does not provide students with sufficient autonomy and time to effectively practice these skills.

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Individualised learning based on the student’s development level
  • Utilising the interests of the student to facilitate engagement
  • Preparation of learning environments to encourage opportunities for self-regulated engagement
  • Open-ended time to learn

Developing a systems worldview

Teaching subjects in isolation is based on a mechanistic worldview that leads students to view problems of economy, society, and environment as discrete and solvable through reductionistic methods. We are in the midst of the “complexity turn”, which necessitates a systems worldview, essential to creative and critical thinking.

Recommendation for education innovation:

  • Holistic curriculum with interdisciplinary learning 

The developmental continuum of education

Any true innovation in education requires a model that understands how the brain develops, not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers, and school leaders.

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Recognition that movement and cognition are linked, and that an education system needs to incorporate opportunities to regulate movement, thinking and emotions, and build executive functions
  • Education begins at birth and continues and builds throughout life

Testing is not the true test

Gonski 2.0 assumes declining OECD PISA and stagnating NAPLAN literacy and numeracy scores indicate the potential of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living. However, some researchers point to an inverse relationship between PISA scores and entrepreneurial capabilities—capabilities that are directly related to a country’s economic success. Focusing on test scores could actually prevent Australia from fostering the very capabilities we want to develop. 

Recommendations for education innovation:

  • Reduced focus on comparative and academic testing
  • Preparation of the learning environment to allow for ongoing feedback and self-assessment 
  • Measures that focus on the engagement and well-being of students, teachers, school leaders, families and communities
  • Support at all levels so Australia can stay the course to be a world leader in education innovation

Resources for Children

Google Arts and Culture – explore collections from around the world with Google Arts and Culture, created by Google Cultural Institute. 

ABC Kids – watch shows, play games, share stories, sing, make science experiments, and much more.

Khan Academy – free online courses, lessions and schedules

Outdoor Classroom – video series of outdoor learning experiences with environmental educators including Stories with Snails, Snacks with Snakes, and a virtual Walk in the Woods.

Taronga TV – YouTube videos from Taronga Zoo, Sydney

Museum of the World – Interactive tour through the artifacts of the British Museum

Montessori Gonski Position Paper

PDF icon Download Montessori Gonski Position Paper

MAKING AUSTRALIA THE WORLD LEADER IN EDUCATION INNOVATION 

Over the past 40 years, a new “knowledge economy,”characterised by a “greater dependence on knowledge, information and high skill levels” (p. 28),has arisen. However, as the Gonski 2.0 Report rightfully points out, Australia is still using an education model designed for the industrial age—an efficiency-based model that fails to differentiate learning and provide students with the “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking” capabilities necessary to succeed in this economy (p. ix).3

To remedy this and improve Australia’s PISA test scores and schools’ NAPLAN scores, Gonski 2.0 recommends that school systems and schools place the “learning growth of each student at the centre of their education model” (p. 5). The assumption is that a shift from specified learning outcomes based on age and grade to a focus on each student’s learning growth will transform the current education model to one that differentiates learning for each student, ensuring “all Australian students reach their full learning potential in each year of schooling” (p. 5). 

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent discussion to be had globally. Given the accelerating rate of change due to the proliferation of digital technologies and the creative destruction4of not only jobs but industries, teachers can no longer be constrained by a model designed for a past economy where change occurred more incrementally.5Gonski’s initiation of this discussion places Australia as a potential leader in what will inevitably be a worldwide education paradigm shift—a true innovation in education. Thus, Montessori Australia fully supports Gonski’s recommendation to prioritise learning growth rather than specified learning outcomes based on age and grade. We also support partnering with students in their learning, so they feel more ownership of it, as this fosters their lifelong love of learning.6

QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS FUNDAMENTAL TO INNOVATING EDUCATION

While we support the shift to learning growth, we also question whether this shift is significant enough to transform—truly innovate—Australia’s education model such that it provides students with the capabilities that the knowledge economy requires. We offer questions and comments we perceive as fundamental to the discussion of education innovation.

Do other aspects of the industrial model need to be changed?

If schools continue to be required to segregate students by grade, teach subjects in isolation, and emphasise teacher- rather than student-directed learning, then we will not “look back in a decade to a transformed education system” (p. 5), as key aspects of the model will have remained the same. In fact, it is unclear how teachers can truly differentiate learning while these key aspects are still in place. 

Any education model drives the behaviour of all the people within it: school leaders, teachers, and students. Segregating children by grades and dividing each day into subject blocks requires each classroom to be teacher-directed. But how do teacher-directed classrooms organically provide students with opportunities to practice “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking”? Subject blocks are short. And because teachers will need to ensure that each student gains “at least one year’s growth in learning […] every year” (p. xii), teachers will ultimately have to determine each student’s learning pace, which may adversely impact students’ sense of educational ownership and, hence, their lifelong love of learning. 

To better support teachers’ ability to differentiate learning and partner with students, other aspects of the current efficiency-based model must also be reconsidered.   

Will students develop self-regulated learning skills? 

Self-regulated learning is a key capacity for success in a knowledge economy that requires constant learning to innovate. Self-regulated learners are “masters of their own learning process” who are able to “transform their mental abilities into task-related skills in diverse areas of functioning, such as academia, sport, music, and health” (p. 13855).Thus, self-regulated learners can effectively learn within any domain. If the education model, however, still requires teachers to give lessons to the entire class while simultaneously determining each student’s learning pace within each short subject block, when do students have the time to practice regulating their own learning during the school day? Does a school day divided into relatively short subject blocks provide this time? Or will students ultimately be directed as to what to do and when to do it? We assert that practicing self-regulated learning skills requires more time and autonomy than the current model allows. 

Will students gain a systems worldview? 

Continuing to teach subjects in isolation is based on a Newtonian, mechanistic worldview that systems biologistshave shown and physicistsare now arguing is insufficient to understanding complex structures. As sociologist John Urry notes, we are in the midst of the “complexity turn,” which “investigates emergent, dynamic and self-organising systems that interact in ways that heavily influence the probabilities of later events” (p. 3).10 Complexity is increasingly more prevalent “within many social and intellectual discourses and practices besides ‘science’”, including economics, management, defence studies, architecture, etc. (p. 2). But teaching subjects in siloed isolation fails to reveal their interrelatedness—their overall complexity—leading students to view problems of economy, society, and environment as discrete and solvable through reductionistic methods. In reality, however, such problems “are not,” as systems researcher, John Sterman states, “separate domains to be traded off against one another” (p. 26).11 Thus, a systems worldview is essential to creative and critical thinking, which is why education researchers are proposing new educational paradigms that foster this view. Maria Hofman nicely summarises one paradigm proposed by sustainability researcher Stephen Sterling: 

A policy change should develop education from being seen as a product to being described as an ongoing developmental process that develops potential and capacity throughout life at both the individual level and societal level through lifelong learning. Such learning requires a change in the methodology and practice within education. Instead of education limited to instruction and knowledge transfer, the change should result in education being developed into a dynamic, activity-based and participatory training based on generating knowledge and meaning in relation to the circumstances in local society and the world. Problem solution in such education is thus based on real events(p. 224).12

We wholeheartedly agree with this proposed shift, and we offer our own Montessori model as an example of one (see our Montessori Fact Sheet for more information). We also acknowledge and support those Australian schools and teachers who are working on other models that also exemplify this paradigm shift. 

How do we bridge early childhood education with primary and secondary education? 

Gonski 2.0 rightfully points out the importance of the early years on school readiness and later learning. However, in the current model, early childhood is disconnected from primary and secondary education. We assert that any true innovation in education requires a model based on human development rather than efficiency. Such a model can provide a continuous flow throughout students’ schooling—from birth through adolescence—bridging the early childhood years to the later years. It also has the potential to alleviate “disparities in school readiness,” allowing even “developmentally vulnerable children” (p. 17)to more easily settle into school and achieve, and to help equalise later academic outcomes.13

However, we are not suggesting that infants be taught academic subjects. Academics is only one part of a student’s learning, and focusing on thinking ignores how humans are fundamentally built. Conscious thinking is only one part of a dynamic response system necessary for effective adaptability within any environment (including the knowledge economy). Automatic behaviours are also required. The ability to smoothly switch between these two response systems—conscious intentional thinking and automatic behaviours—is foundational to having good executive functions.14,15 Executive functions are “those functions [a person] employs to act independently [in her] own best interest as a whole at any point in time, for the purpose of survival” (p. 506).15 Having good executive functions is necessary for both school and life success.16

To build good executive functions, infants need opportunities to move and interact with the environment, which develops their immature motor and sensory systems. Environments rich in purposeful sensorimotor materials essentially train these systems, allowing children to gain a large repertoire of automatic movements foundational to an effective dynamic response system. Research continues to show that children with poor motor skills generally have later problems with working memory and academic learning. And children with learning disabilities tend to have poor motor skills.17 Thus, movement and cognition are linked. 

Additionally, the neural circuits involved in movement regulate thinking and emotions just as they regulate movement,14,15 and the brain regions involved in these circuits continue to develop throughout childhood and adolescence.18Thus, an education system based on how humans actually develop should include extensive opportunities for students to engage in movement so they can build an increasing repertoire of complex automatic action patterns that not only support better conscious, intentional thinking, but also help to actually build the neural circuits that directly regulate thinking and emotion regulation. 

Bridging early childhood with primary and secondary education necessitates a model that understands how the brain develops—not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers, and school leaders.

Does a continued focus on testing derail us from true educational innovation? 

The Gonski 2.0 Report states that “Australian education has failed a generation of Australian school children by not enabling them to reach their full learning potential” (p. 8). They cite declining OECD PISA and stagnating NAPLAN literacy and numeracy scores as evidence. The concern is that these scores indicate the potential of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living as schools will not produce workers with the capabilities necessary for success in the knowledge economy. But is this true? 

Gonski’s Exhibit 5 (p. 9) shows “a significant achievement gap between Australia and the highest performing country in both reading literacy and mathematics”—Singapore. Yet, as education researcher Yong Zhao notes, Singapore and the other high-ranking Asian countries consistently show a “negative relationship between PISA scores and entrepreneurial capabilities,” which are “directly related to economic prosperity and success” (p. 58).19 

In fact, according to Zhao, China and Singapore “blame their own supposedly excellent education for their inability to produce creative and entrepreneurial talents like Steve Jobs” (p. 58). He points out that “although products worth billions of dollars are made in China, they are not made by China” (p. 57; emphasis in original). Thus, the assumption that declining PISA scores are indicative of a future decline in Australia’s standard of living due to an inability to produce workers for the knowledge economy is highly questionable.

What is also questionable is whether focusing on test scores—PISA or NAPLAN—actually helps to improve a country’s educational system or whether it derails that process. If test scores are ultimately the target because it is (incorrectly) assumed those scores indicate a country’s future economic success, how do we not fall into the trap of teaching to the test, whatever that test is, while ignoring other important capabilities? Campbell’s Law states:

The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor (p. 366).20

Singapore is not yielding high PISA scores because its school system is focused on teaching “problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking.”As Singaporean journalist Alexis Ong told Zhao, it is yielding high PISA scores because of “its strictly regimented curriculum and by-rote study techniques that sustain the city’s formal culture” (p. 58).19 Not only is such an educational system not innovative and fail to produce the capabilities we claim to want to teach, it does not fit with who we are as Australians. We should not become someone other than who we are to achieve success on tests that do not really measure what we think they measure. 

Finally, it should be noted that while PISA now claims to measure creativity and problem-solving, Zhao warns:

Remember that whatever these tests are, they are still testing. A test by no means reflects your true creativity—it just measures your capacity to take a creativity test. That actually can become more dangerous and drive governments to do even crazier things.”21

Technology innovators recognise the worthlessness of test scores. Google, for instance, conducted their own research and found that “as a criteria for hiring […] test scores are worthless,” as “they don’t predict anything.”22  

CONCLUSION

We are in the midst of a knowledge economy and the “complexity turn”. Yet our education model in Australia and throughout much of the world is still stuck within an education model designed for a different economy and a different turn—the “Newtonian turn.”23 Thus, we view Gonski 2.0 as an opportunity for Australia to engage in rich discussion and become the world leader in education innovation. We offer this position paper as a contribution to this vital discussion and welcome the thoughts and questions of others. Our hope is that this conversation leads to more substantive action so Australia does not miss this critical opportunity. 

REFERENCES

  1. Powell, W. W., & Snellman, K. (2004). The knowledge economy. Annual Review of Sociology, 30,199-220. 
  2. OECD. (2005). Oslo manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/oslo-manual_9789264013100-en
  3. Gonski, D., Arcus, T., Boston, K., Gould, V., Johnson, W., O’Brien, L., . . . Roberts, M. (March 2018). Through growth to achievement: Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools. Retrieved from https://www.education.gov.au/review-achieve-educational-excellence-australian-schools
  4. Schumpeter, J. A. (1950/2008). Capitalism, socialism and democracy (Thrid ed.). New York, NY HarperPerennial.
  5. Castells, M. (2000). The rise of the network society: The information age: Economy, society, and culture (Second ed. Vol. 1). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
  6. The World Bank Group. (2003). Lifelong learning in the global knowledge economy. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLL/Resources/Lifelong-Learning-in-the-Global-Knowledge-Economy/lifelonglearning_GKE.pdf; Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. New York, NY: Routledge.
  7. Zimmerman, B. J. (2001). Self-regulated learning. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (pp. 13855-13859). Oxford: Pergamon.
  8. Hood, L., Rowen, L., Galas, D. J., & Aitchison, J. D. (2008). Systems biology at the Institute for Systems Biology. Briefings in functional genomics and proteomics, 7(4), 239-248. 
  9. Unger, R. M., & Smolin, L. (2015). The singular universe and the reality of time. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  10. Urry, J. (2005). The complexity turn. Theory, culture & society, 22(5), 1-14. 
  11. Sterman, J. D. (2012). Sustaining sustainability: Creating a systems science in a fragmented academy and polarized world. In M. P. Weinstein & R. E. Turner (Eds.), Sustainability science: The emerging paradigm and the urban environment (pp. 21-58): Springer.
  12. Hofman, M. (2015). What is an education for sustainable development supposed to achieve—A question of what, how and why. Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, 9(2), 213-228. doi: 10.1177/0973408215588255
  13. Lillard, A. S., Heise, M. J., Richey, E. M., Tong, X., Hart, A., & Bray, P. M. (2017). Montessori preschool elevates and equalizes child outcomes: A longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(1783). doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01783
  14. Koziol, L. F. (2014). The myth of executive functioning: Missing elements in conceptualization, evaluation, and assessment (Vol. II). New York, NY: Springer; Koziol, L. F., Budding, D., Andreasen, N., D’Arrigo, S., Bulgheroni, S., Imamizu, H., . . . Yamazaki, T. (2014). Consensus paper: The cerebellum’s role in movement and cognition. The Cerebellum, 13(1), 151-177. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12311-013-0511-x; Koziol, L. F., & Budding, D. E. (2009). Subcortical structures and cognition: Implications for neuropsychological assessment. New York, NY: Springer; Koziol, L. F., & Lutz, J. T. (2013). From movement to thought: The development of executive function. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 2(2), 104-115. ; Cisek, P., & Kalaska, J. F. (2010). Neural mechanisms for interacting with a world full of action choices. Annual review of neuroscience, 33(1), 269-298. doi: doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135409
  15. Koziol, L. F., Budding, D. E., & Chidekel, D. (2012). From movement to thought: executive function, embodied cognition, and the cerebellum. The Cerebellum, 11(2), 505-525. 
  16. Diamond, A., & Lee, K. (2011). Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old. Science, 333(6045), 959-964. doi: 10.1126/science.1204529
  17. Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Huijgen, B. C. H., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2014). A longitudinal study on gross motor development in children with learning disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(2), 357-363. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.11.018; Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2011). The relationship between gross motor skills and academic achievement in children with learning disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2773-2779. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.05.032; Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2014). Specific associations between gross motor skills and executive functioning in children with learning disorders: A longitudinal study. Movement and Cognition, 59. ; Rigoli, D., Piek, J. P., Kane, R., & Oosterlaan, J. (2012). An examination of the relationship between motor coordination and executive functions in adolescents. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 54(11), 1025-1031. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04403.x
  18. Diamond, A. (2000). Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Child Development, 71, 44-56. 
  19. Zhao, Y. (2012). Flunking innovation and creativity. Phi Delta Kappan, 94(1), 56-61. 
  20. Campbell, D. T. (1988). Methodology and epistemology for social science: Selected papers. In E. S. Overman (Ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  21. Stewart, W. (December 2016). Long read: Does Pisa really tell us anything useful about schools? TES. Retrieved from https://www.tes.com/news/long-read-does-pisa-really-tell-us-anything-useful-about-schools
  22. Bryant, A. (June 19, 2013). In head-hunting, big data may not be such a big deal. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/business/in-head-hunting-big-data-may-not-be-such-a-big-deal.html
  23. Laudan, L. (1981). Thomas Reid and the Newtonian turn of British Methodological thought. Science and hypothesis: Historical essays on scientific methodology. (pp. 86-110). Dordrecht: Springer.

Glossary

Any science has it own vocabulary and terminology and the Montessori Method is no exception. Montessorians share a very specific set of references, references which of themselves are brief and succinct yet each one evokes the world of the child as described by Maria Montessori. 

Absorbent Mind

A mind able to absorb knowledge quickly and effortlessly. Montessori said the child from birth to six years has an absorbent mind.

Adaptation

Related to the idea of an absorbent mind (Haines, 1993) is a special power of the young child that can be called the power of adaptation. This power is a process whereby the young child uses the environment to develop and, in so doing, becomes a part of that environment. The young child absorbs the culture of her time and place, taking in all the spirit, the customs, the ambitions/aspirations and attitudes of a society simply by living in that society.

Analysis of Movement

A technique used by Montessori teachers. The adult, when showing a complex action to a child, breaks it down into its parts and shows one step at a time, executing each movement slowly and exactly. The action thus becomes a sequence of simple movements and the child has a greater chance of success when ‘given the liberty to make use of them.’ (Montessori, 1966, p. 108)

Children’s House

The English name for Montessori’s Casa dei Bambini (Italian). A place for children from 3-6 years to live and grow. Everything necessary for optimal human development is included in a safe and secure environment.

Classification

Sorting. Allocating or distributing according to common characteristics. The young child engages in classification activities because the process is essential for the construction of the intellect. The Montessori classroom offers many opportunities for classification.

Concentration

Recognising that ‘the longer one does attend to a topic the more mastery of it one has,’ the great American psychologist William James remarked, ‘An education which should improve this faculty would be the education par excellence.’ (1892/1985, p. 95) Montessori, who knew of James, set out to do just that. She believed that if environments could be prepared with ‘objects which correspond to…formative tendencies’ (1949/1967, p. 169) the child’s energy and interest would become focused on that aspect of the environment which corresponded to the developmental need.

Concrete to Abstract

A progression both logical and developmentally appropriate. The child is introduced first to a concrete material that embodies an abstract idea such as size or colour. Given hands-on experience, the child’s mind grasps the idea inherent in the material and forms an abstraction. Only as the child develops, is she gradually able to comprehend the same idea in symbolic form.

Control of Error

A way of providing instant feedback. Every Montessori activity provides the child with some way of assessing his own progress. This puts the control in the hands of the learner and protects the young child’s self-esteem and self-motivation. Control of error is an essential aspect of auto-education.

Coordination of Movement

One of the major accomplishments of early childhood. Through the child’s own effort, she wills herself to refine her muscular coordination and consequently acquires increasingly higher levels of independent functioning. Because of this developmental need, children are drawn to activities that involve movement and especially to those which demand a certain level of exactitude and precision.

Creativity/Imagination

Imagination involves the forming of a mental concept of what is not actually present to the senses. Creativity is a product of the imagination and results from the mental recombining of imagined ideas in new and inventive ways. Both are dependent on mental imagery formed through sensorial experience.

Cycle of Activity

Little children, when engaged in an activity which interests them, will repeat it many times and for no apparent reason, stopping suddenly only when the inner need which compelled the child to activity has been satisfied. To allow for the possibility of long and concentrated work cycles, Montessori advocates a three-hour uninterrupted work period.

Development of the Will

The ability to will, or choose to do something with conscious intent, develops gradually during the first phase of life and is strengthened through practice. The Montessori environment offers many opportunities for the child to choose. Willpower, or self-control, results from the many little choices of daily life in a Montessori school.

Deviations

Behaviour commonly seen in children that is the result of some obstacle to normal development. Such behaviour may be commonly understood as negative (a timid child, a destructive child, etc.) or positive (a passive, quiet child). Both positive and negative deviations disappear once the child begins to concentrate on a piece of work freely chosen.

Discipline from Within

Self-discipline. The discipline in a well-run Montessori classroom is not a result of the teacher’s control or of rewards or punishments. Its source comes from within each individual child, who can control his or her own actions and make positive choices regarding personal behaviour. Self-discipline is directly related to development of the will.

Exercises of Practical Life

One of the four areas of activities of the Montessori prepared environment. The exercises of Practical Life resemble the simple work of life in the home: sweeping, dusting, washing dishes, etc. These purposeful activities help the child adapt to his new community, learn self-control and begin to see himself as a contributing party of the social unit. His intellect grows as he works with his hands; his personality becomes integrated as body and mind function as a unit.

False Fatigue

A phenomenon observed in Children’s Houses around the world-often at approximately 10 a.m. The children seem to lose interest in work, their behaviour becomes disorderly and the noise level rises. It may appear as if the children are tired. However, if the Montessori Educator understands this is simply false fatigue, they will return to work on their own and their work will be at an even higher level than before.

Grace and Courtesy

An aspect of Practical Life. Little lessons which demonstrate positive social behaviour help the young child adapt to life in a group and arm her with knowledge of socially acceptable behaviour: practical information, useful both in and out of school.

Help from Periphery

The periphery is that part of the child that comes into contact with external reality. The child takes in impressions through the senses and through movement. Help from the periphery means presenting objects and activities in such a way so as to evoke purposeful movement on the part of the child. ‘We never give to the eye more than we give to the hand.’ (Standing, 1957, p. 237)

Human Tendencies

A central tenet of Montessori philosophy is that human beings exhibit certain predispositions that are universal, spanning age, cultural and racial barriers; they have existed since the dawn of the species and are probably evolutionary in origin. ‘Montessori stresses the need to serve those special traits that have proved to be tendencies of Man throughout his history.’ (Mario Montessori, 1966, p. 21)

Independence

Not depending on another‚ with various shades of meaning.’ (OED, p. 836) Normal developmental milestones such as weaning, walking, talking, etc. can be seen as a series of events which enable the child to achieve increased individuation, autonomy and self-regulation. Throughout the four planes of development, the child and young adult continuously seek to become more independent. It is as if the child says, Help me to help myself.

Indirect Preparation

The way nature has of preparing the intelligence. In every action, there is a conscious interest. Through this interest, the mind is being prepared for something in the future. For example, a young child will enjoy the putting together of various triangular shapes, totally unaware that because of this work his mind will later be more accepting of geometry. Also called remote preparation. the deeper educational purpose of many Montessori activities is remote in time.

Indirect Presentation

Because of the absorbent nature of the young child’s mind, every action or event can be seen as a lesson. It is understood that children learn by watching other children work or by overseeing a lesson given to another. In the same way, they quickly absorb the behaviour patterns and the language used by the family, the neighborhood children and even TV.

Isolation of a Difficulty

Before giving a presentation, the Montessori teacher analyses the activity she wants to show to the child. Procedures or movements that might prove troublesome are isolated and taught to the child separately. For example, holding and snipping with scissors, a simple movement, is shown before cutting curved or zigzag lines; folding cloths is shown before table washing, an activity requiring folding. A task should neither be so hard that it is overwhelming, nor so easy that it is boring.

Language Appreciation

From the very first days in the Montessori classroom, children are given the opportunity to listen to true stories about known subjects, told with great expression. Songs, poems and rhymes are a part of the daily life of the class. The teacher models the art of conversation and respectfully listens to her young students. Looking at beautiful books with lovely, realistic pictures is also a part of language appreciation.

Learning Explosions

Human development is often not slow and steady; acquisitions seem to arrive suddenly, almost overnight, and with explosive impact. Such learning explosions are the sudden outward manifestation of a long process of internal growth. For example, the explosion of spoken language around two years of age is the result of many months of inner preparation and mental development.

Mathematical Mind

All babies are born with mathematical minds, that is, they have a propensity to learn things which enhance their ability to be exact and orderly, to observe, compare, and classify. Humans naturally tend to calculate, measure, reason, abstract, imagine and create. But this vital part of intelligence must be given help and direction for it to develop and function. If mathematics is not part of the young child’s experience, his subconscious mind will not be accepting of it at a later date.

Maximum Effort

Children seem to enjoy difficult work, work which tests their abilities and provides a sense of their growing power. They exult in giving their maximum effort. For example, a tiny child will struggle to carry a tray with juice glasses or push a heavy wheelbarrow whereas school-age children, if allowed to make up their own problems will prefer to sink their teeth into a challenging equation (I + 2 + 3 + 4… + 10)2 rather than drill on 3 + 5 = … and 6 + 2 = … .

Mixed Ages

One of the hallmarks of the Montessori method is that children of mixed ages work together in the same class. Age groupings are based on developmental planes. Children from 3-6 years of age are together in the Children’s House; 6-9 year olds share the lower elementary and the upper elementary is made up of 9-12 year olds. Because the work is individual, children progress at their own pace; there is cooperation rather than competition between the ages.

Normalisation

If young children are repeatedly able to experience periods of spontaneous concentration on a piece of work freely chosen, they will begin to display the characteristics of normal development: a love of work, an attachment to reality, and a love of silence and working alone. Normalised children are happier children: enthusiastic, generous, and helpful to others. They make constructive work choices and their work reflects their level of development.

Obedience

Obedience is an act of will and develops gradually, showing itself ‘unexpectedly at the end of a long process of maturation.’ (Montessori, 1967, p. 257) While this inner development is going on, little children may obey occasionally, but be completely unable to obey consistently. As their will develops through the exercise of free choice, children begin to have the self-discipline or self-control necessary for obedience.

Points of Interest

Montessori realised that if children spent too long a time on a complex task or failed to master the necessary details, the exercise would cease to interest them. Therefore she suggested that points of interest be interspersed throughout each activity. These points guide the child toward his or her goal and stimulate repetition and interest by offering immediate feedback, or what Montessori called control of error. The child’s performance becomes refined through trial and error, the points of interest acting as signposts along the path to success.

Prepared Environment

The Montessori classroom is an environment prepared by the adult for children. It contains all the essentials for optimal development but nothing superfluous. Attributes of a prepared environment include order and reality, beauty and simplicity. Everything is child-sized to enhance the children’s independent functioning. A trained adult and a large enough group of children of mixed ages make up a vital part of the prepared environment.

Presentation

The adult in a Montessori environment does not teach in the traditional sense. Rather she shows the child how to use the various objects and then leaves her free to explore and experiment. This act of showing is called a presentation. To be effective, it must be done slowly and exactly, step by step, and with a minimum of words.

Psychic Embryo

The first three years of life is a period of mental creation, just as the 9 months in utero is a period of physical creation. The brain awaits experience in the environment to flesh out the genetic blueprint. Since so much mental development occurs after birth, Montessori called the human infant a psychic embryo.

Repetition

The young child’s work is very different from the adult’s. When an adult works, he sets out to accomplish some goal and stops working when the object has been achieved. A child, however, does not work to accomplish an external goal but rather an internal one. Consequently, she will repeat an activity until the inner goal is accomplished. The unconscious urge to repeat helps the child to coordinate a movement or acquire some ability.

Sensitive Periods

Young children experience transient periods of sensibility, and are intrinsically motivated or urged to activity by specific sensitivities. A child in a sensitive period is believed to exhibit spontaneous concentration when engaged in an activity that matches a particular sensitivity. For example, children in a sensitive period for order will be drawn to activities that involve ordering. They will be observed choosing such activities and becoming deeply concentrated, sometimes repeating the activity over and over, without external reward or encouragement. Young children are naturally drawn towards those specific aspects of the environment which meet their developmental needs.

Sensorial Materials

The sensorial materials were created to help young children in the process of creating and organising their intelligence. Each scientifically designed material isolates a quality found in the world such as colour, size, shape, etc. and this isolation focuses the attention on this one aspect. The child, through repeated manipulation of these objects, comes to form clear ideas or abstractions. What could not be explained by words, the child learns by experience working with the sensorial materials.

Simple to Complex

A principle used in the sequence of presentations in a Montessori classroom. Children are first introduced to a concept or idea in its simplest form. As they progress and become capable of making more complex connections, they are eventually able to handle information that is less isolated.

Socialisation

‘The process by which the individual acquires the knowledge and dispositions that enable him to participate as an effective member of a social group and a given social order.’ (Osterkorn, 1980, p. 12) ‘Optimal social learning takes place when the children are at different ages.’ (Hellbr_gge, 1979, p. 14)

Sound Games

Many children know the alphabet but have not analysed the sounds in words nor are they aware that words are made up of separate sounds (phonemic awareness). From the age of two (or as soon as the child is speaking fluently), sound games can make them aware of the sounds in words. In England, they use the nursery game “I Spy.” The sound of the letter and not the letter name is pronounced.

Three-Hour Work Cycle

Through years of observation around the world, Montessori came to understand that children, when left in freedom, displayed a distinct work cycle which was so predictable it could even be graphed. This cycle, with two peaks and one valley, lasted approximately three hours. In Montessori schools children have three hours of open, uninterrupted time to choose independent work, become deeply engaged, and repeat to their own satisfaction.

Vocabulary Enrichment

The young child’s vocabulary increases exponentially in the years from 3-6. To feed this natural hunger for words, vocabulary is given: the names of biology, geometry, geography, and so forth, can be learned as well as the names of qualities found in the Sensorial Material. The child’s absorbent mind takes in all these new words ‘rapidly and brilliantly.’ (Montessori, 1946, p. 10)

Work

From an evolutionary perspective, the long period of childhood exists so children can learn and experiment in a relatively pressure-free environment. Most social scientists refer to this pressure-free experimentation as play (e.g., see Groos, 1901), although Montessori preferred to call this activity the work of childhood. Children certainly are serious when engaged in the kind of play that meets developmental needs and, given freedom and time, will choose purposeful activities over frivolous make-believe ones.

The Glossary of Montessori Terms presented here relates to the theory and practice for the primary (3-6) level. It was prepared by Annette Haines at the request of Molly O’Shaughnessy to accompany her lecture at the Joint Annual Refresher Course, held in Tampa, Florida in February 2001. 

Resource for Educators

The Stamp Game – a Montessori maths material for children to independently practice the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 

AMI Digital – free digital resources to schools, educators and families, starting with language materails for 3-6 year olds.

Learning from Home Handbook (template) – template for schools/centres to download and customise for their parents

Learning from Home Handbook (Montessori School of Tokyo) & Learning from Home Handbook (Omni Montessori School) – samples from schools

What Works in Online Distance Teaching & Learning – AITSL Spotlight identifies best practice evidence to guide teachers on setting up online learning and advice teachers can give to parents

The Math Institute (Great Work Inc) & YouTube Channel – Montessori adolescent maths support

ABC Education & ABC Kids Early Education – education resources for schools, teachers and students

Teach from Home – Google resource hub of information and tools to help teachers

Distance learning solutions – UNESCO list of educational applications, platforms and resources below aim to help parents, teachers, schools and school administrators facilitate student learning and provide social care and interaction during periods of school closure. 

Scootle – a national repository that provides Australian schools with more than 20,000 digital resources aligned to the Australian Curriculum.

Montessori Mondays – a free Zoom webinar session from MINT (Montessori Institute of North Texas). It looks at how educators can offer help to parents at a distance. The Zoom meetings are recorded and posted with any resources on their website so you can listen at any time.

Media Release and Fact Sheets

PDF icon Montessori Gonski Media Release

PDF icon About Montessori Australia

PDF icon Overview Montessori in Australia

PDF icon Characteristics of Montessori Education

PDF icon Montessori Classrooms

PDF icon Montessori Programmes

PDF icon Difference Between Montessori and Traditional Education

PDF icon Montessori Assessment & Reporting

Media Realease

FOR IMMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION: Thursday, 10 May 2018 

MAKING AUSTRALIA THE WORLD LEADER IN EDUCATION INNOVATION 

A RESPONSE TO GONSKI 2.0

Montessori Australia supports Gonski’s recommendation to place the learning growth of each student at the centre of our education model. 

We view transformation of the current education model as an urgent priority and support evidence-based changes that provide students with the capabilities to flourish in the knowledge economy. Any true innovation in education requires a model that understands how the brain develops, not a model based on factory efficiency that constrains students, teachers and school leaders.

“Gonski’s initiation of this discussion places Australia as a potential leader in what will inevitably be a worldwide education paradigm shift – a true innovation in education. Thus, we fully support Gonski’s recommendation to prioritise learning growth rather than specified learning outcomes based on age and grade”, Ms Christine Harrison, President of Montessori Australia said.

Transformation of the current education model needs to be an urgent discussion to be had globally. Given the accelerating rate of change due to the proliferation of digital technologies and the creative destruction of not only jobs but industries, teachers can no longer be constrained by a model designed for a past economy where change occurred more incrementally. 

“Segregating children by grades and dividing each day into subject blocks requires each classroom to be teacher-directed. But how do teacher-directed classrooms organically provide students with opportunities to practice problem-solving, interactive and social skills, and critical and creative thinking?” Ms Harrison said.

“Partnering with students so they feel more ownership of their education fosters a lifelong love of learning. Individualised learning based on the student’s developmental level and the interests of the student fosters engagement and self-regulated learning. Developing these capacities is essential to ensure Australia will be a leader in the knowledge economy”, said Ms Harrison “and Montessori education is one example of a pedagogy that offers these teaching and learning opportunities.”

Media Contacts:

Montessori Australia, National Office, 02 9986 2282, info@montessori.org.au

The Montessori Movement

Montessori pedagogical principles are rooted in a social movement that champions the cause of all children, in all strata of society, of all races and ethnic backgrounds, within and beyond educational institutions.

The Montessori movement began on 6 January 1907 when Maria Montessori opened the first Casa dei Bambini in San Lorenzo in Rome.

What followed has been called the “discovery of the child” and the realisation that: “…mankind can hope for a solution to its problems, among which the most urgent are those of peace and unity, only by turning its attention and energies to the discovery of the child and to the development of the great potentialities of the human personality in the course of its formation.”

Montessori is one of the most widely implemented educational approaches in the world with over 22,000 schools in 117 countries. The Montessori movement, however, is far broader and works to assist children and their families in a variety of settings.

Montessorians serve as advocates for all children-championing the rights of the child in society.

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development, or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specialising in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia 

Online Montessori Training

Montessori Training Australia offers online introductory Montessori training course.

Our introductory Montessori programs are a great way to commence your journey to an understanding of Montessori education or a career path in a Montessori classroom. Training is delivered in formats to suit a variety of learning styles: video, text, and interactive online modules. Access your learning when and where you want through our secure online portal. 

There’s a Montessori training program for everyone. Whether you want to learn new skills for early years development or want to further develop your expertise in Montessori teaching, or just want to know more detail about Montessori education, we have the course to suit you. 

Begin studying anytime, from anywhere, online.

This self-paced learning series includes:

  • Key Montessori Principles and Theory
  • The Prepared Environment
  • The Role of the Prepared Adult
  • Montessori Materials
  • Documenting Children’s Learning
  • Montessori and the Early Years Learning Framework

For details and access: https://montessoritraining.org.au

Please Note: If you are interested in progressing to a Diploma course in Montessori education, these online courses are a great place to start. Once completed, you may want to continue your professional training, specializing in a particular plane of development (e.g. 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 or 12-18). There are several organisations that you may want to consider such as AMI, BFE, MI and AMTI.

Montessori Training Australia

Gonski Background Information

PDF icon Download Review of Funding for Schooling Report 2011

PDF icon Download Report of the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools 2018 (“Gonski 2.0”)

“Gonski” refers to David Gonski, who was commissioned back in 2010 by the Minister of Education to be chairman of a committee to make recommendations regarding funding of education in Australia.  

The findings and recommendations of the committee were presented to the government in November 2011, whereafter deliberations were entered into by the Federal and state governments to consider its content. The committee’s report is known as the Gonski Report.  Subsequently, the proposed reforms and funding model became known as “Gonski”. 

The Gonski Review stressed the need for an equitable school funding system.  To address the current imbalances, the review recommended a national needs‑based and sector-blind school funding model. The new funding model would provide a level of base funding to all schools and additional targeted funding to disadvantaged students in order to remove inequities and minimise the identified performance gap.  From this, the government adopted the Schooling Resource Standard (SRS) which sets out how much it costs for every student to receive a good education.

In 2017, Gonski chaired an independent panel, the Review to Achieve Educational Excellence in Australian Schools, commissioned to examine evidence and make recommendations on how school funding should be used to improve school performance and student outcomes. The second Gonski report, referred to as Gonski 2.0, was published on 30 April 2018.

The three priorities recommended in the report are:

  1. Deliver at least one year’s growth in learning for every student every year
  2. Equip every child to be a creative, connected and engaged learner in a rapidly changing world
  3. Cultivate an adaptive, innovative and continuously improving education system

It makes recommendations across the following five areas to address these:

  1. Laying the foundations for learning
  2. Equipping every student to grow and success in a changing world
  3. Creating, supporting and valuing a profession of expert educators
  4. Empowering and supporting school leaders
  5. Raising and achieving aspirations through innovation and continuous improvement

How Does Montessori Approach Religion

Throughout the world there are individuals, schools, childcare and aged care centres that apply the Montessori Method. They are located in a wide range of cultural and socio-economic settings. Montessori is fundamentally a method of education and as such can be implemented in a variety of educational settings including public schools, independent schools, religious schools, preschools and long day care centres. In recent years it has been applied as a method for reablement and support of people who are aging or perhaps living with dementia or traumatic brain injury. Both religious and secular care centres use this approach because of its person centredness and recognition of the personhood of every human being.

The Montessori approach to education and care has at its centre love for all people no matter the faith or creed by which one lives. Dr Montessori was born into the Christian (Catholic) tradition and much of her writing assumes the existence of a God with whom all people can connect and experience a personal relationship. As she travelled the globe her spiritual journey took many twists and turns, through humanist beliefs and eastern religion. She returned to her Christian faith after a lifetime of studying the development of the human being.

Montessori applied a scientific method to her study of human development and her discoveries led to a better understanding of the personhood of the child and the importance of supporting the child’s development with respect for their unique characteristics revealed from birth to 24 years of age. Personhood relates to the innate value of a human being. This perspective allows the Montessori approach to be applied throughout life into old age.

The Montessori approach is successfully applied to support a person, birth through adult, to explore and understand their spiritual nature and religious practice within their community. For this reason, it is applied across all continents in a variety of religious contexts. Depicted in the Fundamental Human Needs chart, a resource used extensively by children in Montessori schools, Dr Montessori proposed that fundamental human needs could be categorised as, material (shelter, food, clothing, transportation, defence/safety, communication) and spiritual (love, spirituality/religion, culture including the arts & music, and adornment). Montessori environments designed to aid the life of a person should also be designed to meet these needs.

In secular Montessori schools, religion is looked at from a cultural and sociological point of view. Children are invited to explore the cultures throughout the world and can see that there are many different religions. Many of these schools celebrate holidays, such as Christmas, Hanukah, and Chinese New Year, which are religious in origin, but they are experienced on a cultural level as special days of family feasting, merriment, and wonder.

In religious and faith-based schools the Montessori curriculum is freely extended to help the children understand the basis of the particular religious culture of the school or centre. The aim of the approach is to support the child to discover the spiritual truths for themselves by being guided in a specially prepared environment that provides age-appropriate learning materials that allow practical exploration and stimulation of thought.

Montessori schools may be independently owned/operated, Public/State, or faith based. As such, it is up to the individual school/centre to determine its own policies regarding religious education, spiritual beliefs and holiday practices.

Regardless of religious persuasion (humanist, Christian, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, etc), the Montessori approach encourages and supports the child to journey toward being fully alive and to achieve their potential, spiritual, physical, intellectual, psychological & social. In the words of Maria Montessori “The problem of religious education, the importance of which we do not fully realise, should be solved by positive pedagogy……To deny, a priori, the religious sentiment in man, and to deprive humanity of the education of this sentiment, is to commit a pedagogical error…”(Maria Montessori, The Montessori Method)

Montessori Australia, being an umbrella organisation, supports all educational programs that seek to apply the Montessori method for the furthering of human development by nurturing unconditional love and grace toward all people and promoting peace. Currently organisations available in Australia that support the Montessori approach in religious education include: –
• Godly Play Australia: www.godlyplay.com.au
• The Association of The Catechesis of the Good Shepherd Australia: www.cgsaust.org.au

References:
Montessori M, The Montessori Method, 1964, Schocken Books, New York.
Maria Montessori, Fundamental Needs of Humans Chart

Aid to Life

You want to do the best for your child but no one ever trained you to be a parent. Sometimes the information you find in books, magazines, parent groups and websites is conflicting and overwhelming. It is difficult to know which route to take to help your child.

Aid to Life offers clear, simple, straightforward advice that is easy to understand and most importantly easy to apply for children from birth to three years of age.

The Aid to Life Initiative is founded on the idea that children develop optimally when they are brought up in an environment that supports their natural development, with an adult who understands how to connect them to positive activity and then allows them enough time to grow and develop according to their own pace and rhythm.

Vist the website Aid to Life.

Montessori Children's Foundation (MCF)

The Montessori Children’s Foundation’s goal is to make Montessori programmes available to children in Australia, who, for a multitude of reasons, would not otherwise be able to access them. MCF currently focuses on Indigenous and remote communities where the need for quality education and support is intensified by vast distances from the centres of Australian government decision-making, service-delivery and economic activity, and by histories of invasion, appropriation, and neglect. Despite this, in these communities there is a strong desire for a better future, and a deep awareness that the future lies with its children. MCF’s core area of business is early childhood and this is underpinned by four key principles Partnership, Sustainability, Quality and Flexibility.

Their mission is to enhance the dignity and quality of life for indigenous children by inspiring families to provide an ethical framework and a trusted environment that fosters independence, self-reliance and a love of learning and exploring.

Current projects include fundraising for the following community projects:

  • Training and supporting Indigenous facilitators
  • Community engagement
  • Raising Happy Kids program – Cairns
  • Research

Visit their website for details https://mcf.ngo/

International Outreach

Montessori Australia is proud to be able to support colleagues in the wider international Montessori community. Work is carried out in conjunction with the host country and often involves AMI who lead the way with international outreach to uphold the rights of the child in society and make known the child’s importance for the progress of civilisation. Individuals volunteer their time and experience and are financially supported by the host country or AMI, or are self-funded. Regular close liaison with AMI and attendance by many Australians at the AMI AGM and Open Forum in Amsterdam enables us to continue to meet and collaborate with colleagues from all over the world who have the same commitment to children.  Each year at the AMI AGM we hear of further successful efforts by other countries that are able to build on the work of the Australian National Montessori Curriculum and achieve greater levels of government recognition in their own countries.

Educateurs sans Frontieres

In 1999 the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) established the Educateurs sans Frontières (Educators without Borders) to champion the cause of all children and to revisit Montessori principles and practices from the perspective of society at large.

When using the term Educateurs sans Frontières, we refer to borders which transcend the obvious ones to do with nation states. The truly important ones are the psychological and spiritual frontiers – the ideological, religious, racial, social and economic, cultural and linguistic boundaries which artificially divide a humanity as yet largely unaware of its intrinsic unity and its interconnectedness with the earth that brought it forth.

Dr Montessori’s work can be applied in a wide variety of ways which can benefit the cause of the child beyond the school and the home. Her own term for the pedagogy she created was ‘Education as an Aid to Life’, and education as an aid to life is applicable at any time, in any place, within all social strata, through public or private agencies, in settings rural, urban and remote.

When Montessori principles are applied in the wider context of society, their possibilities are vast and all-encompassing. They can be of incalculable help to parents, social workers, child-care workers, family counsellors, in short, to any person involved with the developing human being; they can be, and have been applied with children undergoing lengthy hospitalisation, maladjusted children, physically impaired children, children victims of violence, children abandoned, children at risk.

For further information visit the EsF website http://montessori-esf.org

The Forgotten Citizen

In I947 Maria Montessori wrote a letter which she sent to all governments. Excerpts from this letter are printed below.

“My life has been spent in the research of truth. Through the study of children I have scrutinised human nature at its origin both in the East and the West and although it is forty years now since I began my work, childhood still seems to me an inexhaustible source of revelations and—let me say—hope.

Childhood has shown me that all humanity is one. All children talk, no matter what their race or their circumstances or their family, more or less at the same age; they walk, change their teeth, etc. at certain fixed periods of their life. In other aspects also, especially in the psychical field, they are just as similar, just as susceptible.

Children are the constructors of men whom they build, taking from the environment language, religion, customs and the peculiarities not only of the race, not only of the nation, but even of a special district in which they develop.

…The child is the forgotten citizen, and yet, if statesmen and educationists once came to realise the terrific force that is in childhood …, I feel they would give it priority above everything else. All problems of humanity depend on man himself; if man is disregarded in his construction, the problems will never be solved.

…Man must be cultivated from the beginning of life when the great powers of nature are at work. It is then that one can hope to plan for a better international understanding.”

Association Montessori Internationale

The Association Montessori Internationale’s (AMI) mission is to support the natural development of the human being from birth to maturity, enabling children to become the transforming elements of society, leading to a harmonious and peaceful world.

AMI is recognised internationally as an authoritative voice regarding the unique nature of childhood, natural human development and the rights of the child.

AMI is identified and sought after nationally and internationally as the custodian and cultivator of Montessori philosophy and pedagogy.

AMI is invited to assist international and national humanitarian and government authorities in addressing social and educational problem situations where positive change can be effected through the education of children.

AMI activities include coordinating a training of trainers programme, guiding approved manufacturers of Montessori Materials, overseeing the publication of Dr Montessori’s books, organising congresses and study conferences, affiliating Montessori Societies and publishing the magazine Communication.

 The Objectives of the Association Montessori Internationale are:

  • To uphold, advance and protect the rights of the child within society. Making it known that the child plays an essential part in the progress of society. Civilisation depends on the development of the child and their natural growth;
  • To communicate and establish awareness and understanding of the natural laws of development. From the development of the child’s mind, to their social skills, physical development and growth into a global citizen;
  • To arouse and invoke the public opinion on the responsibility that adults have towards the advancement of children’s development and their duty to provide a dignified, nurturing environment;
  • To expand and sustain the pedagogical principles researched, developed and applied by Dr Montessori during her lifetime;
  • Providing opportunities for children all over the world to grow, learn and expand their minds naturally. To enter a life of harmony and co-operation with other children and society at large; 
  • To broaden the scope of the social movement driven to provide rights to children throughout the world regardless of their race, religion, ethnicity, political or social background or beliefs.

AMI Membership is open to everyone.  

Visit AMI’s website: www.montessori-ami.org for further details.

Montessori Australia is authorised by AMI to offer AMI Membership with our Individual Subscriptions.  See here for details.

American Montessori Society

The American Montessori Society (AMS) leads, empowers, and serves the global community of Montessori educators as the foremost advocate for research and policy, ongoing teacher education, and standards of accreditation through opportunities for mentored individual growth, collaboration, and member engagement.

What is the American Montessori Society?

As a hub of all things Montessori, AMS strives to anticipate and respond to the needs of our varied constituents. Among our many areas of involvement:

  • Standards for Montessori schools and teacher education programs
  • School accreditation
  • Teacher education and professional development
  • Research
  • Public policy
  • Peace and social justice
  • Education
  • Scholarships, awards, and grants
  • Montessori in the public sector

AMS is proud to be recognized by the United Nations as an associated non-governmental organization, a connection that opens new worlds to Montessori educators and learners and gives voice to Montessori with groups from around the globe.

AMS Membership

AMS offers membership to schools and individuals, and partners directly with teacher education programs domestically and internationally. Member benefits include professional development (with access to AMS Learning, a free on-demand webinar library with over 100 CPD hours available); publications (such as the Montessori Life print magazine 4 times a year and access to the 10 year digital archives); community (through an online networking platform called AMS Connect); discounts (for The Montessori Event and at other trusted AMS partners); and more.

AMS Professional Development

AMS hosts the largest Montessori event in the world each year. The Montessori Event 2022 will take place March 17 – 20, in Nashville, TN. The conference includes renowned keynote speakers, impactful workshop presentations, inspired community networking, a robust exhibit hall, and much more. 

Beyond The Montessori Event, AMS offers online courses like the Anti-bias, Antiracist Certificate Course, Elementary Reading Certificate Program, Your Child’s Montessori Education: Early Childhood, and Teacher Education Instructor Academy. AMS is also proud to offer special programs like the Emerging Leaders Fellowship Program which helps Montessori educators evolve in their leadership skills.

AMS Publications

Montessori Life is the quarterly magazine of the American Montessori Society and it is available in print and digitally. AMS also creates digital publications on monthly and quarterly bases such as the AMS Family Connection, a monthly e-newsletter for families in accredited Montessori schools; Research Digest, a quarterly email for folks interested in the latest Montessori research; and the AMS School Leader, a monthly e-newsletter designed specifically for heads of school and other administrators.

AMS Values

All the work that AMS does is built on organizational values of respect, integrity, diversity, inclusiveness, responsibility, and enthusiasm. AMS’s strategic priorities are inclusion/equity, quality, membership, communication, and institutional advancement. Each of these initiatives moves the organization closer to its vision of Montessori for all, embraced around the globe.

Learn more at the AMS website: amshq.org

Montessori Aotearoa New Zealand

Montessori Aotearoa New Zealand (MANZ) was established in 1987 and is a membership, not-for-profit organisation. MANZ is a collective of schools (early learning services, primary and high schools), organisations and individual members who work together to provide and promote Montessori education in Aotearoa. It is governed by a voluntary Council and managed by a Chief Executive and an Administration Officer, in consultation with members. MANZ mission is to support the community to deliver excellent Montessori programmes that enable the holistic development of all tamariki/rangatira (children/adolescents) (0-18 years). This is done through offering tailoring professional development and learning for all teaching levels and an annual conference. The Chief Executive represents MANZ on many government and advisory groups which enables Montessori to be promoted at many levels.

There are currently nearly 200 Montessori early learning services (ELS), 17 state or state-integrated schools with Montessori primary classes, 4 private Montessori primary schools and 3 Montessori high schools in New Zealand. The numbers are slowly growing. In Aotearoa the impetus to establish a Montessori ELS or school is varied. Many community-based ELS have been started by parent groups and privately owned ELS by teacher-owners or other individuals or businesses. Generally the commencement of a primary school or class is driven by passionate parents wanting their child to continue their Montessori learning journey after early learning. 

http://www.montessori.org.nz/